Use dataclass as exception to communicate between different layers of an application

dataclass_as_exception.py

import dataclasses


@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
class AgeError(Exception):
    name: str
    age: int

    def __str__(self):
        return f'{self.name}, your age {self.age} is below minimum. Go play.'


def age_check():
    age = 15
    name = 'John'

    if age < 18:
        raise AgeError(name=name, age=age)


def main():
    try:
        age_check()

    except AgeError as err:
        return {
            'status': 'error',
            'detail': dataclasses.asdict(err)
        }

    else:
        return {
            'status': 'ok'
        }


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()