Better argparse.FileType - lazily open files passed as arguments rather than them being opened immediately

lazyfiletype.py

# Copyright 2024 Paul Durivage <pauldurivage+githubspam@gmail.com>

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at

#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

class LazyFileType(argparse.FileType):
    """Subclasses `argparse.FileType` in order to provide a way to lazily open
    files for reading/writing from arguments.  Initializes the same as the
    parent, but provides `open` method which returns the file object.

    Usage:
    ```
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('f', type=LazyFileType('w'))
    args = parser.parse_args()

    with args.f.open() as f:
        for line in foo:
            ...
    ```

    Provides an alternate constructor for use with the `default` kwarg to
    `ArgumentParser.add_argument`.

    Usage:
    ```
    parser.add_argument('-f', type=LazyFileType('w'),
                        default=LazyFileType.default('some_file.txt')
    ```
    """

    def __call__(self, string: str) -> typing.Self:  # type: ignore
        self.filename = string  # pylint: disable=attribute-defined-outside-init

        if 'r' in self._mode or 'x' in self._mode:
            if not pathlib.Path(self.filename).exists():
                m = (f"can't open {self.filename}:  No such file or directory: "
                     f"'{self.filename}'")
                raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(m)

        return self

    def open(self) -> typing.IO:
        """Opens and returns file for reading
                :rtype: io.TextIOWrapper
        """
        return open(self.filename, self._mode, self._bufsize, self._encoding,
                    self._errors)

    @classmethod
    def default(cls, string: str, **kwargs) -> typing.Self:
        """Alternate constructor for a default argument to argparse argument

        Args:
            string: filename to open
            **kwargs: arguments to `__init__`

        Returns:
            instance of `LazyFileType`
        """
        inst = cls(**kwargs)
        inst.filename = string  # pylint: disable=attribute-defined-outside-init
        return inst