How to Install Nginx, MariaDB, PHP-FPM on Ubuntu 20.04

install-nginx-mariadb-phpfpm-on-ubuntu-20.04.md

How to Install Nginx, MariaDB, PHP-FPM on Ubuntu 20.04

This is a way to install and set up Nginx, MariaDB and PHP-FPM on Ubuntu 20.04.

NOTE: This has been prepared for ease of use in mind, not security, mostly in development machine. Please do not use these instructions to setup on a public server environment. Use other proper manuals instead.

$ sudo apt update

Nginx

$ sudo apt install nginx -y
$ sudo systemctl start nginx
$ sudo systemctl enable nginx

Firewall Setup

$ sudo ufw allow ssh
$ sudo ufw allow http
$ sudo ufw enable

MariaDB

$ sudo apt install mariadb-server -y
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Follow the instruction to what you need. After it ends, try to login:

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

And if you can not login with error message like Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' let's log in to mysql using sudo first

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

In order to create a password, first we have to hash the string first:

SELECT PASSWORD('verysecretchangeit');

For example we get this hashed string: *54958E764CE10E50764C2EECBB71D01F08549980

ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*54958E764CE10E50764C2EECBB71D01F08549980';

Restart MariaDB service

$ sudo service mariadb restart

Now, you have access to account root.

Installing PHP-FPM

Nginx uses PHP-FPM and for convenient, we use Ondrej Sury's PPA, so we can install multiple versions of PHP.

$ sudo apt install libapache2-mod-fcgid
$ sudo apt install software-properties-common
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php && sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install -y php7.4 php7.4-fpm php7.4-curl php7.4-gd php7.4-json php7.4-mbstring php7.4-mysql php7.4-opcache php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc php7.4-fileinfo php7.4-imagick php-pear
$ sudo service php7.4-fpm start

Check if PHP operated using Netstat:

$ netstat -pl | grep php

You're good to go if the result is similar to the text below:

(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     30323    -                    /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock

Nginx and PHP-FPM Configuration

$ vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Uncomment the following lines.

keepalive_timeout 2;
server_tokens off;

Save the config file.

$ vi sites-available/default

Add or change this line:

location ~ \.php$ {
    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}

Save it and exit.

Test nginx config and make sure there's no error

$ sudo nginx -t

then restart the service

$ sudo systemctl reload nginx

PHP-FPM Configuration

Go to /etc/php/7.4/fpm and edit php.ini file

Uncomment cgi.fix_pathinfo, change value to 0

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

Save and exit.

Reload PHP-FPM service

$ sudo service php7.4-fpm restart