Health Assessments, Ch 10, 11, 13, 14
# Chapter 10 | |
## Section 1 | |
1. Good nutrition can help prevent cardiovascular disease, stroke, and osteoporosis. | |
2. Appetite includes both hunger and other psychological factors. | |
3. Sadness and frustration cause overeating when not hungry. | |
4. Advertising can popularize certain foods and enter the subconscious mind and affect food choices. | |
5. Emily continues to eat the cookies because of the psychological reward of eating them, which can be unhealthy if it causes overeating or an unbalanced diet. | |
## Section 2 | |
1. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide energy to the body. | |
2. Essential amino acids are required, but not produced, by they body: they instead are taken in from food. | |
3. Eating calcium-rich foods can help prevent osteoporosis later in life. | |
4. Trans and saturated fat can cause plaque buildup in arteries. | |
5. Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables can prevent diseases caused by vitamin deficiency. | |
## Section 3 | |
1. The five basic food groups are grains, vegetables, fruits, milk, and proteins. | |
2. High calorie foods that are easy to quickly consume should be limited. | |
3. Carrots and celery are nutrient-dense foods. | |
4. Physical activity can help prevent unhealthy weight gain. | |
5. He should eat a dinner with vegetables, fruits, and milk. | |
## Section 4 | |
1. "Light" means a food has less fat or sodium, or fewer calories, than the original product. | |
2. Often times food can be eaten after sell by dates without any risk, as apposed to expiration dates. | |
3. Food poisoning is another term for a foodborne illness. | |
4. This instant soup cannot be labeled as "health" because it would exceed the sodium limit. | |
5. Undercooked eggs can contain bacteria that cause foodborne illnesses. | |
# Chapter 11 | |
## Section 1 | |
1. Metabolism is the pathways of chemical reactions in which food is broken down into usable energy. | |
2. BMI is mass divided by the square of weight in kilograms per meter squared. | |
3. Being obese can increase the risk of heart disease, cancer, and asthma. | |
4. Building muscle increases resting energy use. | |
5. Mike's BMI is 26.6, which is above the healthy range. | |
## Section 2 | |
1. Body image is influenced by peers and the media. | |
2. Fad diets are weight-loss diets that are popular for a short period of time. | |
3. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are three common eating disorders. | |
4. Poor body image can cause the desire to lose weight quickly and unhealthily. | |
5. This would be a fad diet because the rate of weight loss is unhealthy and the incentive is to get people to spend money on the product. | |
## Section 3 | |
1. Dietary supplements are substances that aim to supply nutrients that would not otherwise be consumed in sufficient quantities. | |
2. Age, gender, and activity level can affect nutritional needs. | |
3. Athletes should avoid performance enhancers because they are illegal and may pose negative health risks. | |
4. The athlete may not get enough calories to exercise as much or may become dehydrated. | |
5. It is probably safe to use as long as the dosage is not more than 100% of the daily value. | |
# Chapter 13 | |
## Section 1 | |
1. Melanin is a pigment that blocks UV radiation. A hair follicle is a cavity that surrounds and produces the roots of hairs | |
2. Acne is caused by bacteria in clogged pores and can be treated by washing your face, using over-the-counter treatments, and avoiding oily products. | |
3. Viruses can enter the bloodstream while getting a tattoo if the needles are not sterile. | |
4. Nail biting can allow pathogens to enter the finger if the skin is broken. | |
5. Caring for skin, hair, and nails shows you care about your health and are taking care of your body. | |
## Section 2 | |
1. Periodontal disease is the bacterial infection of the periodontal structures causing inflammation. Plaque is the buildup of bacteria and particulate matter in a film outside of a tooth. | |
2. The pulp of a tooth is a tissue that surrounds blood vessels and nerves in the center of a tooth. | |
3. Tooth decay happens when acids secreted by bacteria damage a tooth. | |
4. These sealants work by preventing acids from reaching the tooth. | |
5. The root and neck of a tooth are sensitive because they contain nerves. | |
## Section 3 | |
1. Eyes that have cataracts have foggy vision from a cloudy lens. | |
2. Astigmatism is blurred vision caused by a misshaped lens or cornea. | |
3. Earwax and ear hairs protect the ear against dust and other outside objects. | |
4. Safety goggles should protect against foreign objects, UV rays, and dirty hands. | |
5. Attending loud concerts or races may require hearing protection. | |
# Chapter 14 | |
## Section 1 | |
1. The skeletal system provides structural support for other systems. | |
2. Bones form when cartilage hardens in the process of ossification. | |
3. You can avoid injury to your bones and joints by getting proper nutrition, having good posture, and taking safety precautions while doing a sport. | |
4. Lactose intolerant people can take calcium supplements to meet their calcium needs. | |
5. Damage to bones as a teen can worsen over time and be problematic later in life. | |
## Section 2 | |
1. The muscular system enables movement, respiration, and circulation of blood. | |
2. Smooth muscle is found in the digestive tract, bladder, and lining of blood vessels. | |
3. A hernia is when a tissue protrudes through a muscle and may be caused by improperly lifting a heavy object. | |
4. The biceps, abductor muscles, and adductor muscles are important for playing baseball. These can be protected by not overexerting them. | |
5. Muscle strains can be prevented by starting with low intensity, then increasing intensity. | |
## Section 3 | |
1. The nucleus of a neuron is in the cell body. | |
2. A reflex can prevent injury by quickly and involuntarily making a movement. | |
3. Brain damage at birth, head injury, and infections can cause nervous diseases or disorders. | |
4. The right side of the hypothalamus was probably damaged. | |
5. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions, while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary responses. |
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