I found it hard to figure out how to stream to twitch.tv like i wanted to.. Here is a couple files with a guide on how to stream in linux. to start:: ./streamStart.sh & to stop:: ./streamStop.sh

GUIDE

############################# GUIDE ############################# 
#
#=====  install required modules =====
#sudo apt-get install libavcodec-extra-53
#sudo apt-get install libav-tools
#sudo apt-get install pavucontrol

#=====  set to duplex =====
#pavucontrol 
##Go to Configuration tab, set to Analog Stereo Duplex

#=====  set your twitch key =====
##Create a file ".twitch_key" in your home folder, paste your key from twitch.tv/broadcast 

#=====  fill parameteres =====
##Set INRES to area it will record on your screen (your LoL resolution)
##Set OUTRES to the resolution you want on your twitch stream (1280x720 is 720p)
##Set QUAL medium, fast, superfast (superfast for slow pc’s, medium for fast pc)
##go to http://obsproject.com/estimator 
##	Set FPS to recommend FPS
##	Set BITRATE to recommended bitrate
##	Set BUFSIZE to recommended buffer size
##Set AUDIODEVICE
#pactl list | grep -A2 'Source #' | grep 'Name: ' | cut -d" " -f2    
#  use the name of one with .monitor 
#LOGLEVEL quiet OR info is for if you want to fill up your terminal with the log every second or not.

#=====  Set position how you like it =====
#The program will record on the top left corner $INRES pixels of your screen...
#I record only part of my screen, so i need to set an offset to which part i want to record...
#	
#Example positions:
#records full screen
#(stream0, -i  :0.0+0,0)
#
#records top left, excludes the panel bar:
#(stream0, -i  :0.0+0,24)
#
#records bottom left corner.. yoffset = screen resolution Y - inres resolution Y (1200 - 720):
#(stream0, -i  :0.0+0,480)
#
#records top right corner.. xoffset = screen resolution x - inres resolution Y (1900-1280):
#(stream0, -i  :0.0+620,0)

############################# EXTRA SOURCES ############################# 
#=====  Add image overlay (for adverts / stream info) =====
#
# Easiest way = Make an image in gimp with transparent background same size as your OUTRES
#
# change below line streamoverlay.png to whatever file name.ext your file is(gif if you want animated)
# add below line before the  last -f line(take off the # before it)::
# -vf "movie=streamoverlay.png [wm];[in][wm] overlay=0:0 [out] \

#===== Add webcam overlay (so people can see you being a dumbass) =====
#
#NOT TESTED
#add below line
# 
#-vf "movie=/dev/video0:f=video4linux2, scale=240:-1, fps, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [movie]; [in][movie] overlay=main_w-overlay_w-2:main_h-overlay_h-2 [out]"
#
#First we set a name for the input to be used, in this case "movie". This is just a name, and you can choose whatever you want. The name is then defined with an input, in our case the webcam.
#Next option is used to scale the input down to a certain size. I use -1 to keep the original aspect ratio of the input, and set the width to 240 pixels.
#the option fps to force a constant bitrate. I did this because I had issued with the webcam lagging behind the desktop causing it to be out of sync. It might not be necessary, but I have it there to be safe.
#The last option is used to set the presentation timestamp on the input, starting with 0.
#setpts=PTS-STARTPTS
#This concludes the input options, and we close it of with [movie]; followed by [in][movie]
#Here we place the actual overlay settings.
#overlay=main_w-overlay_w-2:main_h-overlay_h-2 [out]"
#This places the input as an overlay 2 pixels from the bottom right, and 2 pixels from bottom. We close it off with [out]



############################# REFERENCES ############################# 
#	avconv documentation : http://libav.org/avconv.html
#	Where i got the idea : https://gist.github.com/brodul/3178130
# 	pulse audio names    : http://www.oz9aec.net/index.php/gstreamer/365-pulseaudio-device-names
#	image overlay        : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=89uH9r2BSMs
#	webcam overlay	     : http://www.howtoforge.com/streaming-your-desktop-with-audio-and-webcam-overlay-in-a-browser-using-ffmpeg-crtmpserver-and-flowplayer

streamStart.sh

#by twitch.tv/LOL1010101110 reddit.com/u/1010101110
#running on linux mint 15 (should work on ubuntu)
#

#parameters
INRES="1280x720"                                     	       	 # input resolution
OUTRES="1280x720"                                          	 # Output resolution
FPS="30"                                                   	 # target FPS
QUAL="fast"                                           	  	 # Quality preset 
BITRATE="1000k" 
BUFSIZE="1000k" 
AUDIODEVICE="alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor"
LOGLELVEL="quiet"
STREAM_KEY=$(cat ~/.twitch_key)

#functions
pactl load-module module-loopback

echo "stream starting..."

avconv \
    -f x11grab -s $INRES  -r "$FPS" -i :0.0+0,24 \
    -f pulse -i $AUDIODEVICE  \
    -vcodec libx264 -s $OUTRES -preset $QUAL \
    -acodec libmp3lame -ar 44100 -threads 6 -qscale 3 -b 1200k  -bufsize 1200k \
    -f flv "rtmp://live.justin.tv/app/$STREAM_KEY" \
    -loglevel $LOGLELVEL

streamStop.sh

#by twitch.tv/LOL1010101110 reddit.com/u/1010101110
#running on linux mint 15 (should work on ubuntu)
#
#to run:
#./streamStop.sh

pactl unload-module module-loopback

killall avconv

echo "stream stopped"