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@anschaef
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Bootstrap 4 Sass Mixins [Cheat sheet with examples]
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// All Bootstrap 4 Sass Mixins [Cheat sheet]
// Updated to Bootstrap v4.5.x
// @author https://anschaef.de
// @see https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/tree/master/scss/mixins
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
// ########################################################################## */
// New cheat sheet for Bootstrap 5:
// https://gist.github.com/anschaef/09c5426ce1619b381b9c4297a6fc0914
// ########################################################################## */
*/
// Grid variables
$grid-columns: 12;
$grid-gutter-width: 30px;
$grid-breakpoints: (
xs: 0,
sm: 576px,
md: 768px,
lg: 992px,
xl: 1200px
);
$container-max-widths: (
sm: 540px,
md: 720px,
lg: 960px,
xl: 1140px
);
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Breakpoint viewport sizes and media queries.
// Breakpoints are defined as a map of (name: minimum width), order from small to large:
// (xs: 0, sm: 576px, md: 768px, lg: 992px, xl: 1200px)
// Media of at least the minimum breakpoint width. No query for the smallest breakpoint.
// Makes the @content apply to the given breakpoint and wider.
@include media-breakpoint-up($name, $breakpoints: $grid-breakpoints)
// Media of at most the maximum breakpoint width. No query for the largest breakpoint.
// Makes the @content apply to the given breakpoint and narrower.
@include media-breakpoint-down($name, $breakpoints: $grid-breakpoints)
// Media that spans multiple breakpoint widths.
// Makes the @content apply between the min and max breakpoints
@include media-breakpoint-between($lower, $upper, $breakpoints: $grid-breakpoints)
// Media between the breakpoint's minimum and maximum widths.
// No minimum for the smallest breakpoint, and no maximum for the largest one.
// Makes the @content apply only to the given breakpoint, not viewports any wider or narrower.
@include media-breakpoint-only($name, $breakpoints: $grid-breakpoints)
// Example usage
.some-class {
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
// Larger than sm: 576px
display: inline;
}
@include media-breakpoint-down(md) {
// Smaller than md: 768px
display: block;
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Grid system
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/layout/grid/#sass-mixins
// Generate semantic grid columns with these mixins.
@include make-container($gutter: $grid-gutter-width)
// For each breakpoint, define the maximum width of the container in a media query
@include make-container-max-widths($max-widths: $container-max-widths, $breakpoints: $grid-breakpoints)
// Creates a wrapper for a series of columns
@include make-row($gutter: $grid-gutter-width)
// Make the element grid-ready (applying everything but the width)
@include make-col-ready($gutter: $grid-gutter-width)
// Add a `max-width` to ensure content within each column does not blow out
// the width of the column. Applies to IE10+ and Firefox. Chrome and Safari
// do not appear to require this.
@include make-col($size, $columns: $grid-columns)
// Reset earlier grid tiers
@include make-col-auto()
@include make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns)
// Row columns
// Specify on a parent element(e.g., .row) to force immediate children into NN
// numberof columns. Supports wrapping to new lines, but does not do a Masonry
// style grid.
@include row-cols($count)
// Example usage
/*
<div class="example-container">
<div class="example-row">
<div class="example-content-main">Main content</div>
<div class="example-content-secondary">Secondary content</div>
</div>
</div>
*/
.example-container {
width: 800px;
@include make-container();
}
.example-row {
@include make-row();
}
.example-content-main {
@include make-col-ready();
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
@include make-col(6);
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) {
@include make-col(8);
}
}
.example-content-secondary {
@include make-col-ready();
@include media-breakpoint-up(sm) {
@include make-col(6);
}
@include media-breakpoint-up(lg) {
@include make-col(4);
}
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Alerts
@include alert-variant($background, $border, $color)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Contextual backgrounds
@include bg-variant($parent, $color, $ignore-warning: false)
@include bg-gradient-variant($parent, $color, $ignore-warning: false)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Badges
@include badge-variant($bg)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Single side border-radius
@include border-radius($radius: $border-radius, $fallback-border-radius: false)
@include border-top-radius($radius)
@include border-right-radius($radius)
@include border-bottom-radius($radius)
@include border-left-radius($radius)
@include border-top-left-radius($radius)
@include border-top-right-radius($radius)
@include border-bottom-right-radius($radius)
@include border-bottom-left-radius($radius)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Shadows
@include box-shadow($shadow...)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Button variants
// Easily pump out default styles, as well as :hover, :focus, :active,
// and disabled options for all buttons
@include button-variant($background, $border, $hover-background: darken($background, 7.5%), $hover-border: darken($border, 10%), $active-background: darken($background, 10%), $active-border: darken($border, 12.5%))
@include button-outline-variant($color, $color-hover: color-yiq($color), $active-background: $color, $active-border: $color)
// Button sizes
@include button-size($padding-y, $padding-x, $font-size, $line-height, $border-radius)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Clearfix
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/utilities/clearfix/
@include clearfix()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Float
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/utilities/float/
@include float-left()
@include float-right()
@include float-none()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Form control focus state
// Generate a customized focus state and for any input with the specified color,
// which defaults to the `@input-border-color-focus` variable.
@include form-control-focus($ignore-warning: false)
@include form-validation-state-selector($state)
@include form-validation-state($state, $color, $icon)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Gradients
@include gradient-bg($color)
// Horizontal gradient, from left to right
// Creates two color stops, start and end, by specifying a color and position for each color stop.
@include gradient-x($start-color: $gray-700, $end-color: $gray-800, $start-percent: 0%, $end-percent: 100%)
// Vertical gradient, from top to bottom
// Creates two color stops, start and end, by specifying a color and position for each color stop.
@include gradient-y($start-color: $gray-700, $end-color: $gray-800, $start-percent: 0%, $end-percent: 100%)
@include gradient-directional($start-color: $gray-700, $end-color: $gray-800, $deg: 45deg)
@include gradient-x-three-colors($start-color: $blue, $mid-color: $purple, $color-stop: 50%, $end-color: $red)
@include gradient-y-three-colors($start-color: $blue, $mid-color: $purple, $color-stop: 50%, $end-color: $red)
@include gradient-radial($inner-color: $gray-700, $outer-color: $gray-800)
@include gradient-striped($color: rgba($white, .15), $angle: 45deg)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Framework grid generation
// Used only by Bootstrap to generate the correct number of grid classes given
// any value of `$grid-columns`.
@include make-grid-columns($columns: $grid-columns, $gutter: $grid-gutter-width, $breakpoints: $grid-breakpoints)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Hover state
@include hover()
@include hover-focus()
@include plain-hover-focus()
@include hover-focus-active()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Responsive image
// Keep images from scaling beyond the width of their parents.
@include img-fluid()
// Retina image
// Short retina mixin for setting background-image and -size.
@include img-retina($file-1x, $file-2x, $width-1x, $height-1x)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// List Groups
@include list-group-item-variant($state, $background, $color)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Lists
// Unstyled keeps list items block level, just removes default browser padding and list-style
@include list-unstyled()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Horizontal dividers
// Dividers (basically an hr) within dropdowns and nav lists
@include nav-divider($color: $nav-divider-color, $margin-y: $nav-divider-margin-y, $ignore-warning: false)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Navbar vertical align
// Vertically center elements in the navbar.
// Example: an element has a height of 30px, so write out `.navbar-vertical-align(30px);` to calculate the appropriate top margin.
// @include navbar-vertical-align($element-height)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Pagination
@include pagination-size($padding-y, $padding-x, $font-size, $line-height, $border-radius)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Text reset
@include reset-text()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Resize anything
@include resizable($direction) // Options: horizontal, vertical, both
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Only display content to screen readers
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/utilities/screen-readers/
@include sr-only()
// Use in conjunction with .sr-only to only display content when it's focused.
// Useful for "Skip to main content" links; see https://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20130905/G1
@include sr-only-focusable()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Sizing shortcuts
@include size($width, $height: $width)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Tables
@include table-row-variant($state, $background)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Typography
@include text-emphasis-variant($parent, $color)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// CSS image replacement
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/utilities/image-replacement/
@include text-hide($ignore-warning: false)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Text truncate
// Requires inline-block or block for proper styling
@include text-truncate()
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Transitions
@include transition($transition...)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Visibility
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/utilities/visibility/
@include invisible($visibility) // Options: collapse, hidden, visible
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Carets
@include caret-down()
@include caret-up()
@include caret-right()
@include caret-left()
@include caret($direction: down)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Deprecate mixin
// This mixin can be used to deprecate mixins or functions.
// `$enable-deprecation-messages` is a global variable, `$ignore-warning` is a variable that can be passed to
// some deprecated mixins to suppress the warning (for example if the mixin is still be used in the current version of Bootstrap)
@include deprecate($name, $deprecate-version, $remove-version, $ignore-warning: false)
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// New since v4.3: Responsive font-size mixin
// @see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.5/content/typography/#responsive-font-sizes
// Aliases: @include font-size($fs, $important: false), @include responsive-font-size($fs, $important: false)
@include rfs($fs, $important: false)
@umanga907
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Thanks,
bootstrap 4 does not has mixin for transform(rotate,skew) ?

@amaduela
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amaduela commented May 4, 2018

Thank You! I needed to create a rule that on mobile landscape it rotates and make a six column grid, which i achieve by using:
@include make-col-ready();
@include media-breakpoint-up('sm') {
@include make-col(6);
float: left;
}

@mattez
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mattez commented Jul 2, 2018

Thank You!
Please make some updates. Right now I'm missing
@include make-col-offset($size, $columns: $grid-columns) from mixins/_grid.scss

@BryanBarrera
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BryanBarrera commented Jul 3, 2018

is there a mixin to center a grid box?

it used to be @include center-block();

@anschaef
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Author

@mattez Thanks, updated to Bootstrap v 4.1.x

@BryanBarrera Doesn't seem so. You can create your own mixin with:

@mixin center-block() {
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}

@dawidnawrot
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@anschaef Awesome job mate! Very useful cheat-sheet. This kind of cheat-sheet should be officially provided by Bootstrap team.

@oueryemchi
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so this is a working mixin? @include transition($transition...), doesn't make sense

@anschaef
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anschaef commented Dec 17, 2018

so this is a working mixin? @include transition($transition...), doesn't make sense

this is just an example, of course. the mixin would be:

.foobar { @include transition(all .3s ease); }

which compiles to:

.foobar { -webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease; transition: all 0.3s ease; }

@hunkjazz
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@anschaef

Just found this gist, right after finishing a whole documentation for functions, mixins and variables. I've used SassDoc to build something visually better than comments and it uses real simple annotation system.

Besides that, I also just found out that the official team is making an official documentation for mixins.

Feel free to PR some of your cool example ideas!

@anschaef
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Updated to Bootstrap v4.3.x today

@joelamajors
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Thank you very much for this. I have found it incredibly and continually useful.

@anschaef
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You're welcome! Updated to Bootstrap v4.4.x today.

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ghost commented Apr 30, 2020

Thank you so much for this! It's very helpful and easy way to pick up the technique quicker :)

@dv336699
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@anschaef thank you!

@anschaef
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anschaef commented Jun 8, 2020

Updated to Bootstrap v4.5 today

@marcus-at-localhost
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Bootstrap 5 is going to have more utility classes (d-block or border-top) and an API to generate your own[1]. I want to use it in a Bootstrap 4.x project so I just created a gist with the stuff you need and an example. Maybe someone finds this useful: https://gist.github.com/marcus-at-localhost/076745dd7684963bd2aac30a5d7b73c1

[1] https://v5.getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/utilities/api/

@valeriu
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valeriu commented Dec 3, 2020

@anschaef
WARNING: size() has been deprecated as of v4.3.0. It will be removed entirely in v5.

@anschaef
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anschaef commented Sep 2, 2021

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