Docker is a containerization system. It allows you to run programs or apps in a self contained container, with its own OS, while sharing the host system’s resources, and in some cases libraries and devices.
LinuxServer.io’s docker images and containers can be thought of as mini virtual machines that are much lighter and more efficient than full blown VMs.
LinuxServer.io provides pre-built docker images that can be pulled from the docker hub. These images contain the necessary packages and apps and are either Alpine or Ubuntu Xenial based. A user can pull one of these images, create a container based on the image and run it to perform the tasks. Containers are ephemeral, meaning they can be easily destroyed and recreated from the docker image. For things that are meant to be persistent, like data, volume mounts are used.