http://blog.sorausagi.org: CloudKit

CKRecord.swift

let record = CKRecord(recordType: "MyType", recordID: recordID)
record["title"] = "name" as CKRecordValue?
record["price"]= 1 as CKRecordValue?

DatabaseSubscription.swift

let subscription = CKDatabaseSubscription(subscriptionID: subscriptionID)
let notificationInfo = CKNotificationInfo()
notificationInfo.shouldSendContentAvailable = true
subscription.notificationInfo = notificationInfo

let operation = CKModifySubscriptionsOperation(subscriptionsToSave: [subscription], subscriptionIDsToDelete: nil)
operation.modifySubscriptionsCompletionBlock = { _, _, error in
     print("added Database Subscriptions")
}
database.add(operation)

DidReceiveRemoteNotification.swift

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable : Any], fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) {
  guard let userInfo = userInfo as? [String: NSObject] else { return }
  let notification = CKNotification(fromRemoteNotificationDictionary: userInfo)
  guard let subscriptionID = notification.subscriptionID else { return }

  if notification.notificationType == .database {
    //CKDatabaseSubscription
    //subscriptionID から 該当のDatabaseを判断して、
    //CKFetchDatabaseChangesOperation で変更情報を取得して反映する

  } else if notification.notificationType == .recordZone {
      guard let zoneNotification = notification as? CKRecordZoneNotification else { return }
      guard let recordZoneID = zoneNotification.recordZoneID else { return }
      //CKRecordZoneSubscription
      //recordZoneIDから該当のRecord Zoneを判断して、
      //CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOptions で変更情報を取得して反映する

  } else if notification.notificationType == .query {
      guard let queryNotification = notification as? CKQueryNotification else { return }
      guard let recordID = queryNotification.recordID else { return }
      let recordZoneID = recordID.zoneID
      //CKQuerySubscription
      //対象のRecordIDがNotificationから取得できる

  }
}

FetchDatabaseChanges.swift

let operation = CKFetchDatabaseChangesOperation(previousServerChangeToken: cachedToken)
operation.fetchDatabaseChangesCompletionBlock = { serverChangeToken, moreComing, error in
    if let e = error {
        if let ckError = e as? CKError, ckError.code == .changeTokenExpired {
            print("token expired")
        }
        return
    }
    print("new token is ", serverChangeToken)
}

FetchDatabaseChanges_detail.swift

var currentToken:String?

func fetchChanges(from database: CKDatabase) {
　let operation = CKFetchDatabaseChangesOperation(previousServerChangeToken: currentToken)
  var newZoneIDs = [CKRecordZoneID]()

  operation.changeTokenUpdatedBlock = { serverChangeToken in
    //Databaseの新しいTokenを保存しておき、次回に利用する
    self.currentToken = serverChangeToken
  }

  operation.recordZoneWithIDWasDeletedBlock = { zoneID in
    //対象のRecord Zoneをキャッシュから削除する
  }

  operation.recordZoneWithIDChangedBlock = { zoneID in
    if {キャッシュに対象のRecordZoneがあれば} {
      //Record Zoneの差分を取得して更新する
    } else {
      newZoneIDs.append(zoneID)
    }
  }

  operation.fetchDatabaseChangesCompletionBlock = { serverChangeToken, moreComing, error in
    if CloudKitError.share.handle(error: error, operation: .fetchChanges, alert: true) != nil {
      if let ckError = error as? CKError, ckError.code == .changeTokenExpired {
        //トークン切れ
        self.currentToken = nil
        self.fetchChanges(from: database)
      }
      return
    }
    self.currentToken = serverChangeToken
    guard moreComing == false else { return }
    guard newZoneIDs.count > 0 else { return }

    //新しいRecord Zoneの処理
    let fetchZonesOp = CKFetchRecordZonesOperation(recordZoneIDs: newZoneIDs)
    fetchZonesOp.fetchRecordZonesCompletionBlock = { results, error in
      guard error == nil, let zoneDictionary = results else { return }
      for (_, zone) in zoneDictionary {
        //Record Zoneをキャッシュに追加して、内容を取得する
      }
    }
    database.add(fetchZonesOp)
  }
  database.add(operation)
}

FetchRecordZoneChanges.swift

let options = CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOptions()
options.previousServerChangeToken = cachedToken

let zone:CKRecordZone = ...
let operation = CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOperation(recordZoneIDs: [zone.zoneID], optionsByRecordZoneID: [zone.zoneID: options])
operation.recordZoneFetchCompletionBlock = { (zoneID, serverChangeToken, clientChangeTokenData, moreComing, error) in
    if let e = error {
        if let ckError = e as? CKError, ckError.code == .changeTokenExpired {
            print("token expired")
        }
        return
    }
    print("new token is ", serverChangeToken)
}

LongLived1.swift

let operation = CKModifyRecordsOperation(recordsToSave: recordsToSave, recordIDsToDelete: nil)
operation.longLivedOperationWasPersistedBlock = {
  print("Call longLivedOperationWasPersistedBlock ID=", operation.operationID)
  UserDefaults.standard.setValue(operation.operationID, forKey: "LongLivedOperationID")
  UserDefaults.standard.synchronize()
}

let configuration = CKOperationConfiguration()
configuration.isLongLived = true
operation.configuration = configuration
database.add(operation)

LongLived2.swift

let container = CKContainer.default()
//全てのIDを取得
container.fetchAllLongLivedOperationIDs { (operationIDs, error) in
  print("called fetchAllLongLivedOperationIDs")
  if let e = error { print(e) }
  if let ids = operationIDs {
    print("operationIDs count=", ids.count)
  }
}

//保存したOperationIDから検索
if let longLivedID = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "LongLivedOperationID") {
  container.fetchLongLivedOperation(withID: longLivedID, completionHandler: { (operation, error) in
    if let e = error {
      print(e)
    } else if let ope = operation {
      print("find operation ID=", ope.operationID)
    }
  })
}

ModifyRecords.swift

let database = CKContainer.default().privateCloudDatabase
let operation = CKModifyRecordsOperation(recordsToSave: recordsToSave, recordIDsToDelete: recordIDsToDelete)
operation.modifyRecordsCompletionBlock = { (records, recordIDs, error) in
    //TODO:
}
operation.database = database

RegisterForRemoteNotifications.swift

let notificationCenter = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
notificationCenter.requestAuthorization(options:[.alert]) { (granted, error) in
　　assert(granted == true)
}
UIApplication.shared.registerForRemoteNotifications()