Drupal 9-10: Save dynamically generated files

save_file.php

<?php

use Drupal\Core\File\FileSystemInterface;
use Drupal\Core\Serialization\Yaml;

function saveFileDirectly($data) {
  $encoded = Yaml::encode($data);
  $filename = 'public://my_dir/my_file.yaml';

  // Get the folder for the final location of this style.
  /** @var \Drupal\Core\File\FileSystemInterface $file_system */
  $file_system = \Drupal::service('file_system');
  $directory = $file_system->dirname($filename);
  $file_system->prepareDirectory($directory, FileSyste  mInterface::CREATE_DIRECTORY | FileSystemInterface::MODIFY_PERMISSIONS);

  // Save file directly - not invoking hooks or logging in the file_managed table.
  $path = $file_system->saveData($encoded, $filename, FileSystemInterface::EXISTS_REPLACE);
  return $path;
}

function saveFileInManagedFiles($data, NodeInterface $entity) {
  $encoded = Yaml::encode($data);
  $filename = 'public://my_dir/my_file.yaml';
  
  /** @var \Drupal\file\FileRepositoryInterface $fileRepository */
  $fileRepository = \Drupal::service('file.repository');
  $file = $fileRepository->writeData($encoded, $filename, FileSystemInterface::EXISTS_REPLACE);
  $file->save();

  /** @var \Drupal\file\FileUsage\DatabaseFileUsageBackend $file_usage */
  $file_usage = \Drupal::service('file.usage');
  $file_usage->add($file, 'icims_core', 'node', $entity->id());

  return $filename;
}