num-to-roman.clj

(ns roman-nums.core
  (:require
   [clojure.test :refer [testing are]]))

(def ^:private roman-digits
  [[1000 "M"] [900 "CM"]
   [500  "D"] [400 "CD"]
   [100  "C"] [90  "XC"]
   [50   "L"] [40  "XL"]
   [10   "X"] [9   "IX"]
   [5    "V"] [4   "IV"]
   [1    "I"]])

(defn num-to-roman
  "Convert a number to roman"
  [n]
  (assert (integer? n))
  (assert (not (neg? n)))
  (loop [buf [], n n, d roman-digits]
    (if (zero? n)
      (apply str buf)
      (let [[[value romnum] & tail]  (drop-while #(< n (first %)) d) fac (quot n value)]
        (recur (into buf (doall (repeat fac romnum))) (- n (* fac value)) tail)))))

(testing "some examples"
  (are [i s] (= s (num-to-roman i))
       1 "I", 2 "II",
       3 "III", 4 "IV"
       5 "V", 6 "VI", 7 "VII", 41 "XLI"
       971 "CMLXXI",  871 "DCCCLXXI"
       900 "CM",      91 "XCI"
       9 "IX"
       ))