Only an early draft, was reading some related info during most of the 45 minutes that I started this in.

P5: OO Inheritance.rb

#OO_Inheritance.rb

# ALL OF MY TESTS ON THE ORIGINAL CODE ARE BELOW, 
<<-ORIGINAL_CLASSES
class Car
 attr_reader :color, :wheels, :status

 def initialize(args)
   @color  = args[:color]
   @wheels = 4
   @status = :stopped
 end

 def drive
   @status = :driving
 end

 def brake
   @status = :stopped    
 end

 def needs_gas?
   return [true,true,false].sample
 end
end

my_car = Car.new(color: 'red')
p 'is my car color red like I set it?'
p my_car.color == 'red'

p 'are my accessors working?'
p my_car.wheels == 4
p my_car.status == :stopped

p 'does calling drive on my car change it\'s status to driving?' 
my_car.drive
p my_car.status == :driving

p 'does calling break on my car change it\'s status to stopped?' 
my_car.brake
p my_car.status == :stopped

p 'does calling need gas on my car return a boolean?'
gas_status = my_car.needs_gas? 
p !!gas_status==gas_status



 class Bus
  attr_reader :color, :wheels, :num_seats, :fare, :passengers

  def initialize(args)
    @color      = args[:color]
    @wheels     = args[:wheels]
    @num_seats  = args[:num_seats]
    @fare       = args[:fare]
    @passengers = []
  end
 
  def drive
    return self.brake if stop_requested?
    @status = :driving
  end
 
  def admit_passenger(passenger, money)
    @passengers << passenger if money > @fare
  end
 
  def brake
    @status = :stopped
  end 
 
  def stop_requested?
    return [true,false].sample
  end
 
  def needs_gas?
    return [true,true,true,false].sample
  end 
 end

p 'does my initialization and my getter work?'
my_bus = Bus.new(color: 'yellow', wheels: 6, num_seats: 30, fare: 2)
p my_bus.color == 'yellow'
p my_bus.wheels == 6
p my_bus.num_seats == 30
p my_bus.fare == 2
p 'can a passenger get on if money > fare?'
my_bus.admit_passenger("Brett",10)
p  my_bus.passengers.include?("Brett")
p 'does a passenger get rejected if $<fare?'
my_bus.admit_passenger("brokeguy", 1)
p  !(my_bus.passengers.include?("brokeguy"))
p 'do the breaks work?'
p my_bus.brake == :stopped
p 'does calling need gas on my bus return a boolean?'
gas_status = my_bus.needs_gas? 
p !!gas_status==gas_status


 
 class Motorbike
	attr_reader :wheels, :speed, :driving 
  @@WHEELS = 2 #this will not work with inheritance, so we'll have to kill it

  def initialize(args)
    @color = args[:color]
    @wheels = @@WHEELS
  end
 
  def drive
    @status = :driving
    @speed = :fast
  end
 
  def brake
    @status = :stopped 
  end
 
  def needs_gas?
    return [true,false,false,false].sample
  end 
 
  def weave_through_traffic
    @driving = :status_like_a_crazy_person
  end
 end

p 'does the bike always have 2 wheels'
p my_bike = Motorbike.new(color: 'red')
p your_bike = Motorbike.new(color: 'black')
p my_bike.wheels == your_bike.wheels
p 'does the bike go fast?'
my_bike.drive
p my_bike.speed == :fast
p ' does the bike go crazy?'
my_bike.weave_through_traffic
p my_bike.driving == :status_like_a_crazy_person

ORIGINAL_CLASSES

#REFACTORED TO USE INHERITANCE

class Vehicle
  attr_reader :status

  def initialize(args)
    @color = args.fetch(:color, 'red')
    @wheels = args.fetch(:wheels, 4)
    @refuel_frequency = [true,false]
  end

  def drive
    @status = :driving
  end

  def brake
    @status = :stopped
  end

  def needs_gas?
    return @refuel_frequency.sample
  end
end

class Car < Vehicle
	def initialize(args)
		super(args) #POOTR suggests not using super, see book for using hooks
		@refuel_frequency = [true,true,false]
	end
end

p my_car = Car.new(color: "blue")
p my_car.drive == :driving
p my_car.brake == :stopped
p my_car.needs_gas?


class Bus < Vehicle
  attr_reader :passengers
  
  def initialize(args)
    super(args)
    @num_seats = args[:num_seats]
    @fare = args[:fare]
    @passengers=[]
    @refuel_frequency = [true,true,true,false]
  end
  
  def drive
    return self.brake if stop_requested?
    super
  end
  
  def admit_passenger(passenger,money)
    @passengers << passenger if money > @fare
  end
end

p my_bus = Bus.new({color: "blue", wheels: 4, num_seats: 12, fare: 2.5})
p my_bus.admit_passenger("a_person",10)
p my_bus.passengers[0] == "a_person"
p my_bus.brake == :stopped
p my_bus.needs_gas?

class Motorbike < Vehicle
	def initialize(args)
		super(args) #POOTR suggests not using super, see book for using hooks
		@refuel_frequency = [true,false,false,false]
	end

  def drive
    super
    @speed = :fast
  end

  def weave_through_traffic
    @status = :driving_like_a_crazy_person
  end
end

p my_bike = Motorbike.new(wheels: 2, color: "blue")
p my_bike.drive == :fast
p my_bike.brake == :stopped
p my_bike.weave_through_traffic == :driving_like_a_crazy_person
p my_bike.needs_gas?

#Vehicle is the superclass. Cars, busses and motorbikes are all vehicles.
#This can be seen in the shared attributes (color, wheels), and methods
#(drive, brake, need_gas?).