docker-compose.yaml

version: '3'

services:
  test:
    image: node:8.10
    environment:
      - AWS_REGION=us-east-1
      - AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=some-id
      - AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=some-key
      - ELASTIC_SEARCH_HOST=elasticsearch:9200
      - WAIT_START_CMD=yarn jest
      - WAIT_SLEEP=10
      - WAIT_LOOPS=6
    depends_on:
      - elasticsearch
    volumes:
      - ../:/opt/work
    working_dir: /opt/work
    command: ./tools/bin/wait_for_elasticsearch_ready
  elasticsearch:
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:6.2.4

jenkins-wait-for-es-log.txt

...

Waiting for Elasticsearch in Docker to become ready...

Elasticsearch status code: 000

Elasticsearch is not ready yet...

Tue May 15 19:50:48 UTC 2018 - waiting to be ready

Elasticsearch status code: 000

Elasticsearch is not ready yet...

Tue May 15 19:50:58 UTC 2018 - waiting to be ready

Elasticsearch status code: 000

Elasticsearch is not ready yet...

Tue May 15 19:51:08 UTC 2018 - waiting to be ready

Elasticsearch status code: 000

Elasticsearch is not ready yet...

Tue May 15 19:51:18 UTC 2018 - waiting to be ready

Elasticsearch status code: 000

Elasticsearch is not ready yet...

Tue May 15 19:51:28 UTC 2018 - waiting to be ready

Elasticsearch status code: 000

Elasticsearch is not ready yet...

Tue May 15 19:51:38 UTC 2018 - still not ready, giving up

...

run-tests.sh

#!/bin/bash

PROJECT_NAME="some-project"

docker-compose --log-level DEBUG -p ${PROJECT_NAME} run test
EXIT_CODE=${?}
docker-compose -p ${PROJECT_NAME} down

exit ${EXIT_CODE}

wait_for_elasticsearch_ready

#!/bin/bash

echo "Waiting for Elasticsearch in Docker to become ready..."

URL=http://elasticsearch:9200/_cat/health?h=st

is_ready() {
  STATUS_CODE=$(curl --write-out %{http_code} --silent --output /dev/null $URL)
  echo "Elasticsearch status code: $STATUS_CODE"

  if [ $STATUS_CODE -eq "200" ]; then
    echo "Elasticsearch is ready!"
    return 0
  else
    echo "Elasticsearch is not ready yet..."
    return 1
  fi
}

i=0
while ! is_ready; do
  i=`expr $i + 1`
  if [ $i -ge $WAIT_LOOPS ]; then
    echo "$(date) - still not ready, giving up"
    exit 1
  fi
  echo "$(date) - waiting to be ready"
  sleep $WAIT_SLEEP
done

exec $WAIT_START_CMD

I was able to solve the connection issue by adding environment: ['transport.host=127.0.0.1'] to the elasticsearch service:

version: '3'

services:
  test:
    image: node:8.10
    environment:
      - AWS_REGION=us-east-1
      - AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=some-id
      - AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=some-key
      - ELASTIC_SEARCH_HOST=elasticsearch:9200
      - WAIT_START_CMD=yarn jest
      - WAIT_SLEEP=10
      - WAIT_LOOPS=6
    depends_on:
      - elasticsearch
    volumes:
      - ../:/opt/work
    working_dir: /opt/work
    command: ./tools/bin/wait_for_elasticsearch_ready
  elasticsearch:
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:6.2.4
    environment: ['transport.host=127.0.0.1']