VIM Cheat Sheet

vimcheat.sh

# vimcheat.sh: the vim cheatsheet
# Ref: https://www.catswhocode.com/blog/vim-cheat-sheet-for-2016
# Usage: less `vimcheat.sh` then `/typewhatyoulookfor`
# :command arguments Explanation for command inside VIM OR
# shortcut Explanation for shortcut, eg: ciw (C+I+W) to change inner word

#Basics
:e  filename	Open filename for edition
:w	Save file
:q	Exit Vim
:q!	Quit without saving
:x	Write file (if changes has been made) and exit
:sav  filename	Saves file as filename
. Repeats the last change made in normal mode
5.	Repeats 5 times the last change made in normal mode

#Moving in the file
k or Up Arrow	move the cursor up one line
j or Down Arrow	move the cursor down one line
e	move the cursor to the end of the word
b	move the cursor to the begining of the word
0	move the cursor to the begining of the line
G	move the cursor to the end of the file
gg	move the cursor to the begining of the file
L	move the cursor to the bottom of the screen
:59	move cursor to line 59. Replace 59 by the desired line number.
20|	move cursor to column 20.
%	Move cursor to matching parenthesis
[[	Jump to function start
[{	Jump to block start

#Replace
:%s/old/new/g	Replace all occurences of old by new in file
:%s/onward/forward/gi	Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive
:%s/old/new/gc	Replace all occurences with confirmation
:2,35s/old/new/g	Replace all occurences between lines 2 and 35
:5,$s/old/new/g	Replace all occurences from line 5 to EOF
:%s/^/hello/g	Replace the begining of each line by hello
:%s/$/Harry/g	Replace the end of each line by Harry
:%s/onward/forward/gi	Replace onward by forward, case unsensitive
:%s/ *$//g	Delete all white spaces
:g/string/d	Delete all lines containing string
:v/string/d	Delete all lines containing which didn’t contain string
:s/Bill/Steve/	Replace the first occurence of Bill by Steve in current line
:s/Bill/Steve/g	Replace Bill by Steve in current line
:%s/Bill/Steve/g	Replace Bill by Steve in all the file
:%s/^M//g	Delete DOS carriage returns (^M)
:%s/\r/\r/g	Transform DOS carriage returns in returns
:%s#<[^>]\+>##g	Delete HTML tags but keeps text
:%s/^\(.*\)\n\1$/\1/	Delete lines which appears twice
Ctrl+a	Increment number under the cursor
Ctrl+x	Decrement number under cursor
ggVGg?	Change text to Rot13
cw change word
ciw change inner word

#Set Leter/Case
:set ignorecase ignore cases in searches
:set smartcase Ignore case in searches excepted if an uppercase letter is used
:%s/\<./\u&/g Sets first letter of each word to uppercase
:%s/\<./\l&/g Sets first letter of each word to lowercase
:%s/.*/\u& Sets first letter of each line to uppercase
:%s/.*/\l& Sets first letter of each line to lowercase

#Read/Write files
:1,10 w outfile Saves lines 1 to 10 in outfile
:1,10 w >> outfile Appends lines 1 to 10 to outfile
:r infile Insert the content of infile
:23r infile Insert the content of infile under line 23

#File explorer
:e . Open integrated file explorer
:Sex Split window and open integrated file explorer
:browse e Graphical file explorer
:ls List buffers
:cd .. Move to parent directory
:args List files
:args *.php Open file list
:grep expression *.php Returns a list of .php files contening expression
gf Open file name under cursor

#Interact with Unix
:!pwd Execute the pwd unix command, then returns to Vi
!!pwd Execute the pwd unix command and insert output in file
:sh Temporary returns to Unix
$exit Retourns to Vi
:!command % Run the command on edited file

#Alignment
:%!fmt Align all lines
!}fmt Align all lines at the current position
5!!fmt Align the next 5 lines

#Tabs
:tabnew Creates a new tab
gt Show next tab
:tabfirst Show first tab
:tablast Show last tab
:tabm n(position) Rearrange tabs
:tabdo %s/foo/bar/g Execute a command in all tabs
:tab ball Puts all open files in tabs

#Window spliting
:e filename Edit filename in current window
:split filename Split the window and open filename
ctrl-w up arrow Puts cursor in top window
ctrl-w ctrl-w Puts cursor in next window
ctrl-w_ Maximise current window
ctrl-w= Gives the same size to all windows
10 ctrl-w+ Add 10 lines to current window
:vsplit file Split window vertically
:sview file Same as :split in readonly mode
:hide Close current window
:only Close all windows, excepted current
:b 2 Open #2 in this window

#Spell check
:set spell spelllang=en_us  set spell check to english
:set local spelllang=en_us  set locak to english, useful for code
:set nospell 
[s  next highlight
]s  previous highligth
z=  correction list

#Auto-completion
Ctrl+n Ctrl+p (in insert mode) Complete word
Ctrl+x Ctrl+l Complete line
:set dictionary=dict Define dict as a dictionnary
Ctrl+x Ctrl+k Complete with dictionnary

#Marks
mk Marks current position as k
˜k Moves cursor to mark k
d™k Delete all until mark k

#Abbreviations
:ab mail mail@provider.org Define mail as abbreviation of mail@provider.org

#Text indent
:set autoindent Turn on auto-indent
:set smartindent Turn on intelligent auto-indent
:set shiftwidth=4 Defines 4 spaces as indent size
ctrl-t, ctrl-d Indent/un-indent in insert mode
>> Indent
<< Un-indent

#Syntax highlighting
:syntax on Turn on syntax highlighting
:syntax off Turn off syntax highlighting
:set syntax=perl Force syntax highlighting

#Copy Paste
y Copy word in the cursor
yy Copy/yank line
3yy copy 3lines
yw Yank word
p paste word
dd Delete current line
D Cut to end of line
y$ Copy to end of Line
v0y Copy from cursor to end of cursor (visually)

#Search
/word	Search word from top to bottom
?word	Search word from bottom to top
*	Search the word under cursor
/\cstring	Search STRING or string, case insensitive
/jo[ha]n	Search john or joan
/\< the	Search the, theatre or then
/the\>	Search the or breathe
/\< the\>	Search the
/\< ¦.\>	Search all words of 4 letters
/\/	Search fred but not alfred or frederick
/fred\|joe	Search fred or joe
/\<\d\d\d\d\>	Search exactly 4 digits
/^\n\{3}	Find 3 empty lines
:bufdo /searchstr/	Search in all open files
bufdo %s/something/somethingelse/g	Search something in all the open buffers and replace it with somethingelse


#Other
% jump to matching parenthesis
=% indent the code between parenthesis
[[ jump to function start
[{ jump to block start
:new abc.txt edit abc.txt in new window