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@bbarry
Created February 27, 2015 19:45
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Thread safe generic cache
public static class Cache<T> {
static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, T> Dictionary = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, T>();
//by making this a tuple with the generic constraint, there will be one per cache type; the first parameter will always be the default value
static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, Tuple<T, DateTime, TimeSpan>> Removals = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Tuple<T, DateTime, TimeSpan>>();
/// <summary>
/// Gets an item out of the cache or adds it if it does not already exist.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">the cache item key</param>
/// <param name="creator">creation function, provides key as parameter</param>
/// <returns>the item from the cache</returns>
/// <remarks>Will not modify existing expiration details.</remarks>
public static T GetOrAdd(string key, Func<string, T> creator) { return GetOrAdd(key, creator, null, null); }
/// <summary>
/// Gets an item out of the cache or adds it if it does not already exist.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">the cache item key</param>
/// <param name="creator">creation function, provides key as parameter</param>
/// <param name="absoluteExpiration">Sets an absolute time when the item will expire. Retrieving the item without providing a new expiration will not modify this time.</param>
/// <returns>the item from the cache</returns>
public static T GetOrAdd(string key, Func<string, T> creator, DateTime absoluteExpiration) { return GetOrAdd(key, creator, absoluteExpiration, null); }
/// <summary>
/// Gets an item out of the cache or adds it if it does not already exist.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">the cache item key</param>
/// <param name="creator">creation function, provides key as parameter</param>
/// <param name="slidingExpiration">Sets a sliding window for when an item will be removed from the cache. Retrieving the item will reset the timespan here</param>
/// <returns>the item from the cache</returns>
public static T GetOrAdd(string key, Func<string, T> creator, TimeSpan slidingExpiration) { return GetOrAdd(key, creator, null, slidingExpiration); }
/// <summary>
/// Attempts to retrieve the item from the cache.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">the cache item key</param>
/// <param name="value">the value</param>
/// <returns><c>true</c> if the item exists; <c>false</c> otherwise</returns>
/// <remarks>Will update sliding expirations.</remarks>
public static bool TryGetValue(string key, out T value) {
Tuple<T, DateTime, TimeSpan> when;
if (Removals.TryGetValue(key, out when) && when.Item3 != TimeSpan.Zero) {
Remove(key, Tuple.Create(default(T), DateTime.Now.Add(when.Item3), when.Item3));
}
return Dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out value);
}
/// <summary>
/// Will remove the item from the cache and return it if it was still there.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">the cache item key</param>
/// <param name="value">the value</param>
/// <returns><c>true</c> if the item was removed; <c>false</c> otherwise</returns>
public static bool Expire(string key, out T value) { return Dictionary.TryRemove(key, out value); }
/// <summary>
/// Will remove the item from the cache.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">the cache item key</param>
public static void Expire(string key) {
T value;
Dictionary.TryRemove(key, out value);
}
static T GetOrAdd(string key, Func<string, T> creator, DateTime? absoluteExpiration, TimeSpan? slidingExpiration) {
if (key == null) {
throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
}
Tuple<T, DateTime, TimeSpan> when;
var updateRemoval = Removals.TryGetValue(key, out when) && when.Item3 != TimeSpan.Zero;
var v = Dictionary.GetOrAdd(key, creator);
if (absoluteExpiration == null && slidingExpiration == null && !updateRemoval) {
return v;
}
if (absoluteExpiration != null || slidingExpiration != null) {
var expiration = (TimeSpan)(slidingExpiration ?? (absoluteExpiration - DateTime.Now));
when = Tuple.Create(default(T), DateTime.Now.Add(expiration), expiration);
} else {
when = Tuple.Create(default(T), DateTime.Now.Add(when.Item3), when.Item3);
}
if (absoluteExpiration != null) {
Removals.TryAdd(key, Tuple.Create(default(T), (DateTime)absoluteExpiration, TimeSpan.Zero));
} else {
Removals.AddOrUpdate(key, when, (a, b) => when);
}
Remove(key, when);
return v;
}
static void Remove(string key, Tuple<T, DateTime, TimeSpan> then) {
System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Delay(then.Item3).ContinueWith(task => {
Tuple<T, DateTime, TimeSpan> when;
if (!Removals.TryGetValue(key, out when) || when.Item2 >= DateTime.Now)
return;
T v;
Dictionary.TryRemove(key, out v);
Removals.TryRemove(key, out when);
});
}
}
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