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Arch Linux 桌面環境設定

Arch Linux 桌面環境設定

啟用網路

[root@arch ~]# systemctl enable NetworkManager
[root@arch ~]# systemctl start NetworkManager

X 視窗環境

[root@arch ~]# pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xinit xorg-server-utils mesa

圖形驅動程式

ATI

[root@arch ~]# pacman -S xf86-video-ati

Intel

[root@arch ~]# pacman -S xf86-video-intel

NVIDIA

[root@arch ~]# pacman -S xf86-video-nouveau nouveau-dri lib32-nouveau-dri

VirtualBox

[root@arch ~]# pacman -S virtualbox-guest-utils
[root@arch ~]# modprobe -a vboxguest vboxsf vboxvideo
[root@arch ~]# vi /etc/modules-load.d/virtualbox.conf
vboxguest
vboxsf
vboxvideo

VMware

[root@arch ~]# pacman -S open-vm-tools
[root@arch ~]# systemctl enable vmtoolsd
[root@arch ~]# systemctl start vmtoolsd
[root@arch ~]# cat /proc/version > /etc/arch-release

新增使用者

[root@arch ~]# useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash arch    # arch 改成你的使用者
[root@arch ~]# passwd arch    # 這裡也是,不要忘記

使用者權限

[root@arch ~]# visudo
root ALL=(ALL) ALL    # 找到這行,新增下一行
arch ALL=(ALL) ALL    # arch 改成你的使用者

重新登入

[root@arch ~]# logout

啟用音效

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S alsa-utils
[arch@arch ~]$ sudo alsamixer

重要字型

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S ttf-dejavu ttf-arphic-{uming,ukai} wqy-zenhei

必備工具

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S mlocate wget tmux nmon mosh unrar unzip unace p7zip wxgtk

開發工具

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S git mercurial subversion bzr cmake emacs gvim

網路瀏覽器

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S firefox firefox-i18n-zh-{cn,tw}    # Mozilla Firefox
[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S chromium    # Chromium

瀏覽器外掛

安裝 Adobe Flash Player 和 Java 7 外掛程式。

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S flashplugin icedtea-web-java7

桌面環境

LXDE, Xfce, KDE 和 Cinnamon 擇一即可。

LXDE

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S lxde gamin gvfs gvfs-afc leafpad obconf epdfview
[arch@arch ~]$ echo "exec startlxde" >> ~/.xinitrc

Xfce

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S xfce4 xfce4-goodies gamin file-roller gvfs gvfs-afc
[arch@arch ~]$ echo "exec startxfce4" >> ~/.xinitrc

KDE

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S kde-meta kde-l10n-zh_{cn,tw} appmenu-qt oxygen-gtk{2,3}
[arch@arch ~]$ echo "exec startkde" >> ~/.xinitrc

Cinnamon

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S cinnamon gnome-terminal nautilus file-roller
[arch@arch ~]$ echo "exec gnome-session-cinnamon" >> ~/.xinitrc

gcin 輸入框架

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S gcin
[arch@arch ~]$ vi ~/.xprofile
export LANG="zh_TW.UTF-8"
export LC_CTYPE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
export GTK_IM_MODULE=gcin
export QT_IM_MODULE=gcin
export XMODIFIERS="@im=gcin"
gcin &

fcitx 輸入框架

[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S fcitx-im fcitx-qt5 fcitx-table-extra
[arch@arch ~]$ sudo pacman -S fcitx-googlepinyin fcitx-fbterm
[arch@arch ~]$ vi ~/.xprofile
export LANG="zh_TW.UTF-8"
export LC_CTYPE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
export LC_COLLATE="C"
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"

啟動桌面環境

[arch@arch ~]$ startx
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