build.js

process.env.BROWSERIFYSHIM_DIAGNOSTICS=1

var b = require('browserify')()

b.add('./index.js')

b.bundle(function (err, src) {
  if (err) throw err
  require('fs').writeFileSync('./bundle.js', src, 'utf8')
})

index.js

var angular = require('angular')

console.log(angular.version);

package.json

{
  "name": "wtf",
  "devDependencies": {
    "browserify-shim": "^3.3.2",
    "browserify": "^3.33.0"
  },
  "browserify": {
    "transform": [
      "browserify-shim"
    ]
  },
  "browserify-shim": {
    "./angular.js": "angular"
  }
}

You aren't aliasing angular anywhere (via browser field).
So you also need to require it via it's path, i.e. require('./angular').