350
Besides keeping track of the cards, Hand should also keep track of the value. Under self.cards, create self.value and set it to 0.
class Hand:
def __init__(self):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0In this blackjack game, there will be a human-controled player and a program-controlled dealer. Add a dealer parameter in the __init__ constructor method of the Hand class. When a Hand object is created, dealer should be set to True of False to keep track of what type of hand it is.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0Inside the __init__ method, create a self.dealer variable and set it equal to the dealer parameter.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealerFunction parameters can have default values. Change the parameters (self, dealer) to (self, dealer=False). That code sets the default value of dealer to False. That means a Hand object can be constructed with or without passing in the value of dealer.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealerNow a Hand can be created. Let's give it some functionality. Add an add_card method. The method should take a card_list as a parameter. Inside the method, add self.cards.extend(card_list). extend will append each item in the card_list list onto cards (append would append the full card_list list as a single item onto cards).
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)Try out your code so far by adding the following lines of code to the bottom:
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Now add the ability to calculate the value of a hand. Add a method called calculate_value to Hand. Inside the method, set self.value to 0 since you will add all the values in the hand to this variable.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Inside the calculate_value method, loop through each card in self.cards and get the value of the card. You can do that by adding the following code:
for card in self.cards:
card_value = card.rank["value"]class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
for card in self.cards:
card_value = card.rank["value"]
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)int() is used to convert strings to integers. For example: int("2") will convert the string "2" to the integer 2. Make sure card.rank["value"] is an integer by putting it inside int().
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Just getting card_value for each card is not enough. Something must be done with that variable. The += operator will add a value to a variable. For example:
num = 10
num += 5
In the code above, num now equals 15. Inside the for loop, use the += operator to add card_value to self.value.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)In blackjack, an Ace can have the value of either 11 or 1, depending on what is better for the player. First check if the hand has an Ace. Below self.value = 0 create a variable called has_ace and set it to False. You don't need self. before the variable name since we will only use it in this method.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)NEW**** Add an if statement to check if hand has an ace, if so set has_ace to True
if card.rank["rank"] == "A":
has_ace = TrueAfter the last for loop you added, check if has_ace and self.value > 21. (Note: if has_ace means the same thing as if has_ace == True.) If the statement evaluates to true, use the -= operator to subtract 10 from self.value. (This program will not deal with the edge case of multiple Aces having a value of 1.)
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Add another method to get the value of a hand called get_value. The function should return self.value.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
return self.value
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Currently, the value that is returned could be incorrect. In the get_value method, before returning self.value, calculate the value first by calling self.calculate_value().
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Create another method called is_blackjack. It should return self.get_value() == 21. That will be True if is a blackjack and False otherwise.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Now you will create the final method in the Hand class that will display information about the hand. Create a method called display that will print "Your hand:".
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print("Your hand:")
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)You can create a string by either surrounding text with single quotes (') or double quotes
("). Whichever quote type you use, you can use the other quote type inside the string. If a string contains both single quotes and double quotes inside, you can surround it with '''. Change the print line you just added so it will print either "Dealer's hand:" or "Your hand:" by using this line of code: print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''').
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)In the display method, add a for loop that prints out each card in self.cards.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for card in self.cards:
print(card)
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)If the player is not the dealer, it should print "Value:", self.get_value(). To check if something is not true, just add not before the thing you are checking.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for card in self.cards:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Now add an empty print() statement so a blank line will be printed.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for card in self.cards:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.cards)Change the last line of the program from print(hand.cards) to print(hands.display()). Then, run your program.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for card in self.cards:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.display)When the dealer's cards are printed during the game, only the second one should display. The first card should display as "hidden". In the for loop in the display method, you will need to get access to the card index since that will determine which to display. Update the first line of the for loop to for index, card in enumerate(self.cards): to get access to the card and index on each iteration of the loop.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for index, card in enumerate(self.cards):
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.display)Put the print(card) line into an if statement. First check index == 0 and self.dealer. If that evaluates to true, print "hidden". If that evaluates to false, print the card.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for index, card in enumerate(self.cards):
if index == 0 and self.dealer:
print("hidden")
else:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.display)At the end of a game, all the dealers cards should be shown. Add a parameter in the display method called show_all_dealer_cards and set the default value to False.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self, show_all_dealer_cards=False):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for index, card in enumerate(self.cards):
if index == 0 and self.dealer:
print("hidden")
else:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.display)Now add to the if statement so it only prints "hidden" if show_all_dealer_cards is not true.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self, show_all_dealer_cards=False):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for index, card in enumerate(self.cards):
if index == 0 and self.dealer and not show_all_dealer_cards:
print("hidden")
else:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.display)Add one final check to the if statement to check if is not a blackjack (self.is_blackjack()).
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self, show_all_dealer_cards=False):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for index, card in enumerate(self.cards):
if index == 0 and self.dealer and not show_all_dealer_cards and not self.is_blackjack():
print("hidden")
else:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()
deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand()
hand.add_card(deck.deal(2))
print(hand.display)You are done creating the Hand class so delete all the code under the Hand class that was used for testing.
class Hand:
def __init__(self, dealer=False):
self.cards = []
self.value = 0
self.dealer = dealer
def add_card(self, card_list):
self.cards.extend(card_list)
def calculate_value(self):
self.value = 0
has_ace = False
for card in self.cards:
card_value = int(card.rank["value"])
self.value += card_value
if has_ace and self.value > 21:
self.value -= 10
def get_value(self):
self.calculate_value()
return self.value
def is_blackjack(self):
return self.get_value() == 21
def display(self, show_all_dealer_cards=False):
print(f'''{"Dealer's" if self.dealer else "Your"} hand:''')
for index, card in enumerate(self.cards):
if index == 0 and self.dealer and not show_all_dealer_cards and not self.is_blackjack():
print("hidden")
else:
print(card)
if not self.dealer:
print("Value:", self.get_value())
print()PART THREE (final part) IS HERE: https://gist.github.com/beaucarnes/c42904ba7a7bf0e8688791f6e0e97716