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Zenas Matthews Mexican War diary exported from FromThePage
Raw
zenas_matthews_diary.tei.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 /home/sgmr29/code/digital-austin-papers/tei-2.0.2/xml/tei/custom/schema/xsd/tei_all.xsd " xml:lang="EN" xml:id="APB4051">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title type="full">
<title type="main">
Z. Matthews' Diary
</title>
<title type="desc">
Diary written by Z. W. Matthews during his service as a private in the War of 1846 with Mexico. Matthews served under Captain C[hristopher]. B. Acklin's Company B of Col. John C. Hays' First Texas Mounted Riflemen. The diary begins with mention of leaving to join Gen. Taylor's army on the Rio Grande and includes descriptions of the Siege of Monterrey and the taking of the Bishop's Palace.
Dates: n.d., 1846, 1849, 1887
</title>
</title>
<author>
<persName>Z.W. Matthews</persName>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<editionStmt>
<edition>Edition created from new transcripts of this manuscript.</edition>
<respStmt xml:id="AU79">
<resp>Initial upload of this work's facsimile images and metadata to FromThePage.com for editing</resp>
<persName>Anne Veerkamp</persName>
</respStmt>
<respStmt xml:id="OU79">
<resp>Adminstrator of the Zenas Matthews' 1846 U.S.-Mexico War Diary and Service Papers transcription project on FromThePage.com</resp>
<persName>Anne Veerkamp</persName>
</respStmt>
<respStmt xml:id="U93">
<persName>Robert Scott Patrick</persName>
<resp>
made 252 edits between
<date type="first_edit" when="2011-11-10T03:21:41Z">November 10, 2011</date> and
<date type="last_edit" when="2012-08-05T22:18:52Z">August 5, 2012</date>.
</resp>
</respStmt>
<respStmt xml:id="U79">
<persName>Anne Veerkamp</persName>
<resp>
made 5 edits between
<date type="first_edit" when="2011-08-01T19:40:20Z">August 1, 2011</date> and
<date type="last_edit" when="2012-05-23T15:03:29Z">May 23, 2012</date>.
</resp>
</respStmt>
<respStmt xml:id="U91">
<persName>Kathryn Stallard</persName>
<resp>
made 3 edits between
<date type="first_edit" when="2011-10-17T21:06:43Z">October 17, 2011</date> and
<date type="last_edit" when="2012-04-04T19:56:32Z">April 4, 2012</date>.
</resp>
</respStmt>
<respStmt xml:id="U109">
<persName>John Laurie</persName>
<resp>
made one edit on
<date type="only_edit" when="2012-01-17T00:54:29Z">January 17, 2012</date>.
</resp>
</respStmt>
</editionStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<publisher>Dynamic TEI export from FromThePage</publisher>
<availability>
<p>
Images and transcription may be used freely for research and teaching but are not to be re-published in print of electronic format or used commercially without permission.
</p>
</availability>
<date when="2013-10-15T10:39:52-05:00">October 15, 2013</date>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<msDesc>
<msIdentifier>
<collection>
Zenas Matthews' 1846 U.S.-Mexico War Diary and Service Papers
</collection>
</msIdentifier>
<physDesc>
<p>
1 item (24 p.) 10 x 16 cm
</p>
</physDesc>
<history>
<origin>
<placeName>
A. Frank Smith, Jr. Library Center, &lt;a href="http://bit.ly/suspeccoll"&gt;Special Collections, Southwestern University&lt;/a&gt;, Georgetown, TX
</placeName>
</origin>
<provenance>
</provenance>
</history>
</msDesc>
<listPerson>
<person xml:id="S8340">
<persName>
Michael H. Chevallie
</persName>
<note>
<p>The Online Handbook of Texas contains an <rs ref="http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fch52">article about Chevallie</rs>.</p>
</note>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8289">
<persName>
Walter Paye Lane
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8341">
<persName>
Henry Whiting
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8312">
<persName>
Zenas Wells Matthews
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8290">
<persName>
President Zachary Taylor
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8408">
<persName>
Ferdinand Engleking
</persName>
<note>
<p>"Ferdinand Friedrich Engelking (1810-1885) was born in Schluesselburg, Westphalia, Prussia." In 1839 he immigrated to Cat Spring in Austin County, Texas to join Ludwig Sigismund Anton von Roeder, his wife, and family. The Engleking family operated a successful broom-making business for many years, first in Broomtown, and then in Sealy, Texas. The company was destroyed by a tornado in 1964.
</p><p> </p>
</note>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8295">
<persName>
Rev. John Wesley Kenney
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8318">
<persName>
Kenneth Hyman
</persName>
<note>
<p>According to the records of the Austin County Board of Land Commissioners, Kenneth Hyman, arrived in Texas in 1834, and was awarded one half of One Third of a League of Land.</p>
</note>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8409">
<persName>
Benjamin S Grayson
</persName>
<note>
<p>Grayson was a merchant at Velasco soon after the Texas Revolution. In August 1840 he was a candidate for mayor of San Antonio, and was elected Sheriff of Austin County on February 6, 1843. He acquired a considerable amount of Texas land in the San Antonio area by purchasing land scrip that had been used to pay Texas soldiers. After the Mexican War he took a mule train of supplies to Los Angeles, California. He grubstaked miners, bought property around San Francisco, and acquired considerable wealth before his death in San Francisco on July 8, 1849.</p>
</note>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8319">
<persName>
Leon Matthews
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8296">
<persName>
Washington Green Lee Foley
</persName>
<note>
<p>FOLEY, WASHINGTON GREEN LEE (1780–1874). Washington Foley, Lavaca County pioneer, immigrated to Texas in 1838 with his wife, Sarah, two sons, a daughter, and a large number of slaves. He established a plantation at a site on Nixon Creek in Colorado County (now in Lavaca County). The mill, gin, blacksmith shop, and cluster of slave huts were listed on Ferdinand von Roemer's map of Texas as Foley's Settlement and were described by William Bollaert in 1843 as "a very fine settlement and good cotton and corn plantation." Foley was wealthy and made extensive loans to settlers and merchants in the area, including one for $1,000 to Gail Borden to finance his "meat biscuit." In 1851, on the tax roll for Lavaca County, Foley is listed as owning ninety-five slaves and over 12,000 acres. He had five sons and two daughters. Sarah Foley died in 1863; W. G. L. Foley died on January 23, 1874. His funeral was attended by seventy of his former slaves. Paul G. Boethel, "FOLEY, WASHINGTON GREEN LEE," Handbook of Texas Online (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/ffo36), accessed December 13, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.</p>
</note>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8317">
<persName>
Randall D Heck
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8294">
<persName>
Andrew Coffee Carothers
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8300">
<persName>
James Walker Fannin Jr
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8299">
<persName>
John Crittenden Duval
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8411">
<persName>
Dr. Jesse W Stoddard
</persName>
<note>
<p>Dr. Stoddard participated in the Woll Campaign of 1842, and held the rank of Lieutenant. </p>
</note>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8301">
<persName>
John Lloyd Stevens
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8308">
<persName>
Samuel L.S. Ballowe
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8309">
<persName>
William J McGowan
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8305">
<persName>
William L. Rogers
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8302">
<persName>
Gregorio Arriola
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8282">
<persName>
James Pinkney Henderson
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8337">
<persName>
Edward Burleson
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8291">
<persName>
John Coffee Hays
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8306">
<persName>
Samuel Hamilton Walker
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8283">
<persName>
Ashbel Smith
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8280">
<persName>
William Read Scurry
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8281">
<persName>
Thomas Green
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8287">
<persName>
Henry J. Sibley
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8307">
<persName>
Samuel McRee
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8390">
<persName>
Mr Howard
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8350">
<persName>
George C Hubbard
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8361">
<persName>
O.S. White
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8310">
<persName>
Robert A Gillespie
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8369">
<persName>
Genl Worth
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8372">
<persName>
James Duncan
</persName>
</person>
<person xml:id="S8311">
<persName>
William Jenkins Worth
</persName>
</person>
</listPerson>
<listPlace>
<place xml:id="S8342">
<placeName>
Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8313">
<placeName>
San Felipe, Austin, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8292">
<placeName>
Rio Grande River
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8410">
<placeName>
Defunct City of Travis, Austin County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8293">
<placeName>
Industry, Austin County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8315">
<placeName>
Columbus, Colorado County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8316">
<placeName>
Victoria, Victoria County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8415">
<placeName>
Lavaca River
</placeName>
<note>
<p>The Lavaca River rises in the northeastern corner of Gonzales County and flows southeast for 115 miles, crossing Lavaca and Jackson counties, to its mouth on Lavaca Bay in northern Calhoun County. According to legend the "Pride," flagship of pirate Jean Laffite's fleet, was scuttled in the Lavaca near its mouth when pressured by an American revenue cutter.</p>
</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8412">
<placeName>
Presidio La Bahia
</placeName>
<note>
<p>After the fall of the Alamo, General Sam Houston ordered Fannin to abandon La Bahia. He did so on March 19,1836, but took a leisurely path and the La Bahia garrison was captured and imprisoned in the presidio. On March 27 the Texian captives were marched from the presidio and executed, in an event known as the Goliad Massacre.</p>
</note>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8413">
<placeName>
Goliad, Goliad County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8414">
<placeName>
San Patricio, San Patricio, &amp; Nueces Counties, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8320">
<placeName>
San Patricio County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8325">
<placeName>
Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8323">
<placeName>
Port Isabel, Cameron County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8396">
<placeName>
Montgomery County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8398">
<placeName>
Liberty County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8399">
<placeName>
Houston County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8400">
<placeName>
Harrison County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8401">
<placeName>
Nacogdoches County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8402">
<placeName>
St. Joseph/San Jose Island, Aransas County, TX
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8338">
<placeName>
Matamoras, Tamaulipas, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8335">
<placeName>
Northern end of Brazos Island, Cameron County, Texas
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8336">
<placeName>
New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8382">
<placeName>
A sand bar located at the mouth of the Rio Grande
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8406">
<placeName>
A series of citadels on Sullivan's Island, South Carolina, built to protect the city of Charleston
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8385">
<placeName>
The State of Tennessee, USA
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8339">
<placeName>
Camargo, Tamaulipas, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8391">
<placeName>
U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Orange County, New York
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8343">
<placeName>
San Fernando, Tamaulipas, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8346">
<placeName>
La Colmena, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8329">
<placeName>
Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8358">
<placeName>
Cerralvo, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8355">
<placeName>
China, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8360">
<placeName>
Cadereyta, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8376">
<placeName>
Palacio del Obispado, atop of the Bishopric Hill in Monterrey, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
<place xml:id="S8395">
<placeName>
Cathedral La Inmaculada Concepcion, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
</placeName>
</place>
</listPlace>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc>
<listChange ordered="true">
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<pb xml:id="F2640" n="1" facs="/images/working/34/wCover.jpg"/>
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Cover
</fw>
<p>The Slanderer
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">His heart is gold - his tongue is fire</del>
<lb/>The Slanderer
<lb/>His heart is gold - his tongue is fire -
<lb/>His soul too base for generous ire;
<lb/>His sword too keen for noble use;
<lb/>His shield and buckler are - abuse
<lb/>Z W [?] Z. W. [Mant?]
<lb/><rs ref="#S8340">Maj Chevallie</rs>
<lb/><rs ref="#S8289">Cap Lane</rs>
<lb/><rs ref="#S8342">Saltilla Mexico</rs>
<lb/>July
<lb/><rs ref="#S8341">Col Whiting</rs> Waugh</p>
<note resp="#U91">
See: http://tiny.cc/toely Google Books: THE GOSPEL ANCHOR, vol. 2., 1832-3. "The Slanderer" is quoted here.
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1
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<p><rs ref="#S8312">Z W Matthews</rs>
</p><p><rs ref="#S8313">San Felipe De
<lb/> Austin</rs>
</p><p>Austin County</p>
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<p><rs ref="#S8312">Z.W.Matthews</rs>
<lb/><rs ref="#S8313">San Felipe</rs>
</p><p>Friday May 21st 1846
<lb/>Left home this morning for the
<lb/>purpose of joining the Army of <rs ref="#S8290">Gen.
<lb/>Taylor</rs> on the <rs ref="#S8292">Rio Grande</rs>.
<lb/>Went to <rs ref="#S8408">F EngleKing's</rs> and Bat
<lb/>Hance. Stayed at <rs ref="#S8295">Parson Kenneys</rs>
<lb/>got wet through by the rain.
<lb/>Saturday 23rd went to <rs ref="#S8410">Travis</rs> expresly
<lb/>to meet Capt Railsy and others from
<lb/>the Brazoss but they failed in coming
<lb/>Started for Industry this evening
<lb/>and found <rs ref="#S8318">Mr Hyman</rs> at Wood
<lb/>bound for the army Went to Mr [l?]
<lb/>and stayed all night with him
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">Saturday 22</del></p>
<note resp="#U93">
Zenas mentions staying at the home of Reverend John Wesley Kenney, one of the first great pioneer Methodist Ministers in Texas. He arrived in Texas in 1833, and immediately began founding Methodist societies, even though under Mexican law, the Catholic Church was the only religion allowed. Kenney served in the Texas army from September 11, 1835, until April 21, 1836. He missed the battle of San Jacinto because he took a two-week furlough to assist his family during the Runaway Scrape.
</note>
<note resp="#U93">
"Ferdinand Friedrich Engelking (1810-1885) was born in Schluesselburg, Westphalia, Prussia." In 1839 he immigrated to Cat Spring in Austin County, Texas to join Ludwig Sigismund Anton von Roeder, his wife, and family. The Engleking family operated a successful broom-making business for many years, first in Broomtown, and then in Sealy, Texas. The company was destroyed by a tornado in 1964.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2643" n="4" facs="/images/working/34/wPage03.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2643">
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</fw>
<p>Sunday May 24th
<lb/>in company with Mr <rs ref="#S8318">Hyman</rs>
<lb/>went to <rs ref="#S8293">Industry</rs> but found no
<lb/>one bound west Stayed at <rs ref="#S8409">Graysons</rs>
<lb/>Monday 25 Left this evening in com
<lb/>pany of <rs ref="#S8409">Mr Grayson</rs> <rs ref="#S8318">Hyman</rs> <rs ref="#S8319">Leon</rs>
<lb/>and myself went to the School
<lb/>house at Mr Adrianco's and camp
<lb/>ed.
<lb/>Monday 25 Left camp and looked
<lb/>through the German Settlement on
<lb/>[Campainers?] Creek <del rend="overstrike">beautiful settlement
<lb/>crops fine</del> this settlement is
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">beautifully</del> A beautifull situation
<lb/>rolling black pararies interspersed
<lb/>with groves of timber from here
<lb/>to the Colorado river is a high
<lb/>black jack and post oak gravely
<lb/>region and of no value whatever.
<lb/>Stopped in <rs ref="#S8315">Columbus</rs> 2 hours and
<lb/>wrote a letter home. We learn
<lb/>that the flies are very bad from
<lb/>here to <rs ref="#S8316">Victoria</rs> went 6 miles
<lb/>to skull creek and stopped on
<lb/>account of the flies having to
<lb/>[build?] fires to smoke them off
<lb/>[?] the evening went through the
<lb/>[Post oaks?] 8 miles thence 4 miles
<lb/>[?] and camped near Acorn
<lb/>[?]
<lb/>[Sunday?] 26 1846
<lb/>[This?][morning?] at the Navidad we</p>
<note resp="#U93">
The black jack and post oak mentioned are of course the Blackjack Oak, and the Post Oak trees.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2644" n="5" facs="/images/working/34/wPage04.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2644">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p><del rend="overstrike">overtook</del> came up with 2
<lb/>persons going to the army crossed the
<lb/>Navidad thence [through?] [postoaks?] some
<lb/>miles. Passed <rs ref="#S8296">Foleys</rs> Plantation <del rend="overstrike">on the</del>
<lb/>thence to the <rs ref="#S8415">Lavacea</rs> at Mrs Hallams where there is a store grocery
<lb/>and blacksmith shop
<lb/>The <rs ref="#S8415">Lavacea</rs> is about Equal to the
<lb/>Bernardo having no bottoms being
<lb/>pararie on the stream with post
<lb/>oaks <del rend="overstrike">bank</del> near. Went 8 miles this
<lb/>evening to Mr Tandey's where we got
<lb/>corn for our horses with out charge
<lb/>Mr Tandey is from Washington County
<lb/>and a Brother in Law to Mr <rs ref="#S8317">Heck</rs>
<lb/>The country except on a few small pararies
<lb/>of black land, is very poor
<lb/>Wednesday [May 27 1846?]
<lb/>This morning travelled 15 miles to a
<lb/>creek and [stopped?] and got our dinner
<lb/>I having killed a deer of which we
<lb/>took the hams. Finding fish in the
<lb/>creek we burned some needles and
<lb/>bent them for hooks and making some lines,
<lb/>we caught a fine lot of large trout
<lb/>and pearch broiled them for dinner
<lb/>they being very fine indeed. Camped
<lb/>in the Victoria pararie
<lb/>May 28th 1846
<lb/>Arrived at <rs ref="#S8316">Victoria</rs> at 10 oclock
<lb/>find it situated on the east side of the Gaudaloupe
<lb/>River the pararie coming to the River
<lb/><rs ref="#S8316">Victoria</rs> is a thriving Town containin </p>
<note resp="#U93">
Washington Green Lee Foley (1780-1874), Lavaca County pioneer, immigrated to Texas in 1838. The mill, gin, blacksmith shop, and cluster of slave huts were listed on Ferdinand von Roemer's map of Texas as Foley's Settlement and were described by William Bollaert in 1843 as "a very fine settlement and good cotton and corn plantation." Foley was wealthy and made extensive loans to settlers and merchants in the area, including one for $1,000 to Gail Borden to finance his "meat biscuit."
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2645" n="6" facs="/images/working/34/wPage05.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2645">
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</fw>
<p>two taverns a number of stores
<lb/>and Grocery's <del rend="overstrike">A Jail</del> and conta-
<lb/>ining about 1,000 inhabitants of
<lb/>German and Americans
<lb/>Crossed the ferry kept by <rs ref="#S8294">Andy
<lb/>Carothers</rs>, and passed through the
<lb/>bottom 2 miles and stopped for
<lb/>some company. Started this evening
<lb/>for the Rancho on the colette
<lb/>6 miles distant at which we arr
<lb/>ived 1 hour after dark having had
<lb/>a very severe thunderstorm
<lb/>most of the way which soaked us
<lb/>pretty well
<lb/>Saturday 1846
<lb/>At two oclock left for Goliad District
<lb/>Eighteen miles. We seen the ground
<lb/>that <rs ref="#S8300">Fannin</rs> occupied when he surrendered
<lb/>to the Mexicans. Mr <rs ref="#S8299">Duval</rs> one of our
<lb/>company was one the men. After <del rend="overstrike">the fight</del>
<lb/>darkness stoped the fighting the americans un-
<lb/>trenched themselves. The trenches are still
<lb/>to be seen and containing less than an acre
<lb/>of ground. Mr <rs ref="#S8299">Duval</rs> gave us a history
<lb/>of the scenes that occured to him which
<lb/>was very interesting to us.
<lb/>Camped at Goliad there is no town here
<lb/>Some few familys only Sam Kenneys
<lb/><rs ref="#S8411">Stodards</rs> [McCaullies?] and others.
<lb/>To morrow we intend visiting the mission
<lb/></p>
<note resp="#U93">
Zenas mentions Mr. Duval, and his telling of the massacre at Goliad when he escaped. This same John Crittenden Duval went on to author many books about early Texas, and the one that comes to mind is the "Adventures of Big Foot Wallace." Duvall and Wallace were both Texas Rangers under Captain John Coffee "Jack" Hays.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2646" n="7" facs="/images/working/34/wPage06.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2646">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>where Fannins men was shot as Mr <rs ref="#S8299">Duval</rs> is
<lb/>with us he can describe to us as it happened his
<lb/>brother being the Capt of the company that he was
<lb/>in only 3 of the company escaped Mr <rs ref="#S8299">Duval</rs> and 2
<lb/>others.
<lb/>Sunday
<lb/>Crossed the San Antonio River looked
<lb/>at the place where one of <rs ref="#S8300">Fannin's</rs> Divisions
<lb/>was shot. Went to the <rs ref="#S8412">Old mission</rs> and
<lb/>examined it the old church and walls
<lb/>and dilapidated
<lb/>houses resemble the plates in <rs ref="#S8301">Stevens</rs>
<lb/>Travells in Yuccatan.
<lb/>Rained this morning stopped 15 miles
<lb/>from <rs ref="#S8413">Goliad</rs> on a creek to [noon?] it
<lb/>I undertook to wash a shirt here but
<lb/>the water was so strongly impregnated
<lb/>with lime that I could not get it clean
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">when done the</del> My hair was white with
<lb/>the lime when dry.
<lb/>Camped on the Aransas. This stream
<lb/>has no bottom there <del rend="overstrike">is no game</del>but
<lb/>little game in this part of the country
<lb/>Monday June 1st 1846
<lb/>Started for <rs ref="#S8414">San Patricio</rs> on the
<lb/>Neueces distant 28 miles
<lb/>at which place we arrived at in the [evening?]
<lb/>There is <del rend="overstrike">several</del> a number of Irish
<lb/>familys living here.
<lb/>Their houses are built of poles
<lb/>set in the ground and covered with</p>
<note resp="#U93">
Zenas mentions the book "Incidents of Travel in the Yucatan" by John Lloyd Stevens, and it amazed me to find that this book is still sold. Most references state that it was first printed in 1847, and this Diary proves it must have been earlier.
</note>
<note resp="#U91">
Southwestern's Special Collections owns an 1855 12th edition of Stephen's "Incidents of travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan." New York, Harper &amp; Brothers, 1855. The Internet Archive also has digitized versions of Stephen's works.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2647" n="8" facs="/images/working/34/wPage07.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2647">
<fw type="pageNum">
7
</fw>
<p>palmetto leaves. Today we
<lb/>came into the musqito country
<lb/>the trees are small bunches scattered
<lb/>over the praries giving the appearance
<lb/>at the distance of 1/2 mile of A creek
<lb/>bottom. The Neueces valley has larger
<lb/>timber and fine land The corn at
<lb/><rs ref="#S8320">San Patricio</rs> is the best we have seen
<lb/>since we left home.
<lb/>Crossed the River and camped at the
<lb/>ferry house The River is about [30?]
<lb/>yards wide and muddy from the
<lb/>[two?] banks.
<lb/>The Irish have settled here since
<lb/>Genl. <rs ref="#S8290">Taylor's</rs> army came to Corpus [Christ?]
<lb/>the old town having been destroyed
<lb/>in 36.
<lb/>Tuesday June 2nd 1846
<lb/>Left [the?] and went to <rs ref="#S8325">Corpus
<lb/>Christy</rs> 25 miles the [corn is?] nearly
<lb/>East the country is about the
<lb/>first we have seen The Bay having
<lb/>bluff banks generally sand After
<lb/>we arrived we saw a party of men
<lb/>marching out of town. We went to
<lb/>what was the muster and found
<lb/>that they had 3 men <del rend="overstrike">with</del>
<lb/>that they were taking out to whip
<lb/>they having robbed an old man
<lb/>of 12 hundred dollars one got </p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2648" n="9" facs="/images/working/34/wPage08.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2648">
<fw type="pageNum">
8
</fw>
<p>100 lashes and the others 50 a piece
<lb/>Wednesday 3rd 1846
<lb/><rs ref="#S8325">Corpus Christy</rs> had a commanding
<lb/>view from the bluff The Town
<lb/>is situated on the beach under the
<lb/>bluff Called on Mr and Mrs Johnson
<lb/>all well Johnson is goint to <rs ref="#S8323">Port
<lb/>Isabella</rs>. A man was knocked
<lb/>in the head last night of which wou
<lb/>nd he died this morning They
<lb/>are in pursuit of the murderer
<lb/>The Gen and staff are [?]
<lb/>and start this morning the other troops
<lb/>have gone. We drew our ration
<lb/>for our selves and horses corn &amp;
<lb/>oats coffee sugar pork bread
<lb/>candles soap beans and ginger
<lb/>Our corn and oats that we could not
<lb/>pack we sold for 8 1/2 $ Their
<lb/>[?] of [?] [ordered?] draw
<lb/>8 days rations.
<lb/>Thursday 4th 1846
<lb/>This morning we took our horses
<lb/>out to grase at eleven oclock
<lb/>Came in after dinner Mr Booth Hays
<lb/>and myself borrowed Mr Johnsons
<lb/>Sail Boat this afternoon
<lb/>and took a pleasant sail
<lb/>on the Bay. The wind being</p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2649" n="10" facs="/images/working/34/wPage09.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2649">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>strong we
<lb/>had a very fine ride
</p><p>Friday 5th Went sailing
<lb/>and oystering on the Bay the wind
<lb/>being strong it made the bay to
<lb/>rough for the Boat.
<lb/>Mr <rs ref="#S8308">Ballow</rs> of <rs ref="#S8396">Montgomery County</rs>
<lb/>troops has been taken sick and
<lb/>intends going to <rs ref="#S8323">point Isabella</rs>
<lb/>by water and lend out his horse
<lb/>for one of us to ride.
<lb/>Saturday 6th
<lb/>Dined with Mr Johnson and
<lb/>wrote a letter home. This after
<lb/>noon two companies from
<lb/><rs ref="#S8398">Liberty</rs> and <rs ref="#S8399">Houston</rs> Counties
<lb/>arrived Tomorrow or next day the
<lb/><rs ref="#S8400">Harrison</rs> and <rs ref="#S8401">Nacogdoches</rs> compan
<lb/>ies are expected.
<lb/>This evening Capt <rs ref="#S8309">McGowan</rs>
<lb/>and Mr <rs ref="#S8308">Ballow</rs> took passage
<lb/>for <rs ref="#S8402">St Joseph Island</rs> thence to
<lb/><rs ref="#S8323">prt Isabella</rs>.
</p><p>Sunday June 7th 1846
<lb/>This morning packed up and
<lb/>started for</p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2650" n="11" facs="/images/working/34/wPage10.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2650">
<fw type="pageNum">
10
</fw>
<p><rs ref="#S8338">Matamoras</rs> 150 miles from home
<lb/>Capt Irion and his company 15
<lb/>our 10 making 25 men in all
<lb/>went 12 miles stoped cooked our
<lb/>dinner and rested 3 oclock started
<lb/>went 5 miles to the next water
<lb/>and camped here we found capt
<lb/>Wilson and men 10 in number making
<lb/>35 in all. The country in these parts
<lb/>is all alike Flat pararies and scattering
<lb/>mesquite and [chapparall?] thickets No water except
<lb/>in [ponds?] To night we stand guard
<lb/>being whare we have to look out for
<lb/>parties of Mexicans Went 18 or 20 miles
</p><p>Monday 8th 1846
</p><p>Today we crossed an arm of the
<lb/>Laguna [Mathre?] about 1 mile wide
<lb/>The water several inches depth and some
<lb/>what Boggy 2 or 3 bogged down and
<lb/>had to wade out Camped near here.
<lb/>Put out a guard of 3 men tonight
</p><p>Tuesday 9th 1846
<lb/>Started early this morning and
<lb/>went 12 miles to noon it. One of the
<lb/>men killed a deer to day Mr
<lb/>Grayson and myself was ordered</p>
<note resp="#U93">
For the first time a [Capt Irion] is mentioned, and I wonder if this could have been Robert Anderson Irion, born 1804 in Paris Tennessee. He was a physician, surveyor, and Texas Secretary of State in the first term of Presidency for Sam Houston.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2651" n="12" facs="/images/working/34/wPage11.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2651">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>in advance to look out. We
<lb/>yesterday having let Capt Irion
<lb/>take command to the Rio Grande
<lb/>in case of an attack of the Mexicans
<lb/>Crossed another arm of the Lagune
<lb/>1/2 mile wide some bogged down again
<lb/>Passed several Salt Lakes. The road
<lb/>to day is heavy sand and poor grass
<lb/>Camped at a Live oak grove
<lb/>Water was bad it being brackish
<lb/>We travelled today about 30 miles
</p><p>Wednesday 16th 1846
<lb/>Left camp and went about 15
<lb/>miles and stoped in a grove
<lb/>near some large white sand
<lb/>hills. The scouts have found
<lb/>some fresh tracks of Mexicans
<lb/>as we supose. Saw a drove
<lb/>of mustangs near here. We have seen
<lb/>them in large droves for several
<lb/>days. Started at 4 oclock and traveled
<lb/>untill 1 hour after dark and left the road
<lb/>1/3 mile and camped in a live oak grove
<lb/>Thursday 11th 1846
<lb/>Rode 2 miles and came into
<lb/>the trail of Genl <rs ref="#S8290">Taylor's</rs> army leading
<lb/>to
<lb/><rs ref="#S8323">Point Iabell</rs> some of our men discovered</p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2652" n="13" facs="/images/working/34/wPage12.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2652">
<fw type="pageNum">
12
</fw>
<p>some beeves this morning on
<lb/>the road and gave chace, killing
<lb/>a very large and fat one. Cut out
<lb/>the choice parts and halted and had
<lb/>a fine feast of Roasted beef.
<lb/>We seen an antelope to day the
<lb/>first one I have seen. We have
<lb/>came in to the [Muskeet?] today
<lb/>again and our horses feed very heartily
<lb/>on it. We have had a general clean
<lb/>ing of guns to day as we have plenty
<lb/>of tallow. At sundown we arri-
<lb/>ved at the Rio Colorado A Stream
<lb/>of about 50 yds in width. Forded
<lb/>it the water coming over our
<lb/>horses backs. We saw one of the Skela
<lb/>tons of the men that were murdered
<lb/>here by the Mexicans. There was
<lb/>six in number with waggons going
<lb/>to point Isabella to haul for the ar
<lb/>my. They stoped to camp here and about
<lb/>50 mexicans came upon them in
<lb/>the evening and having but 2 guns
<lb/>they surrendered on condition of being
<lb/>treated as prisoners of war.
<lb/>The Mexicans took them to the edge
<lb/>of the water cut their throats
<lb/>and threw them in the River
<lb/>One man named <rs ref="#S8305">Rogers</rs> was not
<lb/>killed as they supposed and swam
<lb/>across the River and escaped</p>
<note resp="#U93">
William L. Rogers went to Corpus Christi with his father in 1846, to join Taylor’s army, the old man bringing other sons with him. Finding that the army had left for Mexico, Rogers and his men started towards Brownsville to join up. The men were attacked by Mexican bandits, who tied their hands, cut their throats and threw them into the arroyo. William L. Rogers managed to swim out on the opposite side, making his escape in the chaparral, where he wandered about until he was almost dead. A Mexican woman found and nursed him back to life and aided his escape. William married the same Julia Corona years later, and eventually took revenge on the Mexican's that had killed his family.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2653" n="14" facs="/images/working/34/wPage13.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2653">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>about one mile from the River
<lb/>some of the men thought they
<lb/>had discovered a Mexican crouching
<lb/>by the side of the road We hailed and
<lb/>presented our guns Some said shoot
<lb/>him and some not We called
<lb/>Mr <rs ref="#S8302">Arriola</rs> to interpret
<lb/>for us but lo and behold it was a
<lb/>prickly pair leaves! we
<lb/>in double file expecting an attack
<lb/>from the Mexicans. We came across
<lb/>6 of the Dragoon horses caught
<lb/>one the others stapeded. Travelled till
<lb/>11 oclock and camped without fire or
<lb/>water
</p><p>Friday 12th 1846
</p><p>Struck camp and started for Mata
<lb/>Moras but last night having taken
<lb/>the wrong road at the little Colorado
<lb/>we traveled toward Point Isabel. Arriv
<lb/>ed at the camp of Maj Hays about
<lb/>7 miles from the point and pitched
<lb/>our camp this being the only place
<lb/>that we can get wood and water
<lb/>This wood we have to pick up on the
<lb/>shore of the cayune We find a
<lb/>number of our acquaintances in
<lb/>the Washington and other companies
<lb/>that are camped here.
</p><p/>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2654" n="15" facs="/images/working/34/wPage14.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2654">
<fw type="pageNum">
14
</fw>
<p>Saturday June 13th 1846
<lb/>This morning rode to the point
<lb/>and find it a beautiful place.
<lb/>It being a bluff and a
<lb/>fine view. <rs ref="#S8335">Brazos Santiago</rs> is
<lb/>in sight where the most of the
<lb/>vessels lay it being the port of entry
<lb/>for the Rio Grande. The Louisvill
<lb/>Legion is encamped at <rs ref="#S8335">Brazos Santiago</rs> The Texan Infantry is encampe
<lb/>d near the town. Two of the companies arrived
<lb/>this after noon from the east On
<lb/>board the Steamer [Pastion?] also
<lb/>a large number from <rs ref="#S8336">N Orleans</rs>
<lb/>There is 2 companies of artillery
<lb/>here for the protection of the town
<lb/>it being ditched in and mounted
<lb/>with cannon. Went to the hospital
<lb/>and find a considerable number
<lb/>of men was wounded in the
<lb/>engagements of the 8th and 9th of
<lb/>May. [?] of the son are dying
<lb/>the weather being very hot
<lb/>This evening the <rs ref="#S8282">Govenour</rs> arrived
<lb/>at our camp from <rs ref="#S8338">Matamoras</rs>
<lb/>with Genl <rs ref="#S8337">Burleson</rs> Hunt <rs ref="#S8289">Lane</rs>
<lb/>and others.</p>
<note resp="#U93">
General Edward Burleson often referred to as the "Old Indian Fighter" was a veteran of the War of 1812, the Missouri, and Texas Militia's and the Texas Revolution, where he distinguished himself in the Siege of Bexar, and the Battle of San Jacinto.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2655" n="16" facs="/images/working/34/wPage15.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2655">
<fw type="pageNum">
15
</fw>
<p>Sunday 14th 1846
<lb/>Today we have had A review of
<lb/>the companies by the Inspector
<lb/>Genl All passed inspection.
<lb/>We have been mustered into service
<lb/>in Capt <rs ref="#S8340">Chivaliers</rs> Company
<lb/>with the privaledge of with drawing
<lb/>and joining an other company if we
<lb/>wish it. This evening had a Company
<lb/>organization and elected Acklin
<lb/>Capt &amp; Mr Lane 1st Lieut. and
<lb/>Mr White orderly. Capt <rs ref="#S8340">Chival
<lb/>ier</rs> is a candidate for Major
<lb/>of our Regiment.
<lb/>Wednesday 24 June 1846
</p><p>Today we have had an election
<lb/>for Regimental officers which resulted
<lb/>in the election of <rs ref="#S8291">J.C. Hays</rs> for Colonel
<lb/><rs ref="#S8306">Saml. Walker</rs> Lt Col. and <rs ref="#S8340">M Chivalier</rs>
<lb/>for Major. For the last ten days
<lb/>there has been no news of the Mexicans
<lb/>There has been troops arriving from eastirn Texas
<lb/>almost daily and generally well Mounted
<lb/>Today the Mexicans have a grand celebration
<lb/>at Matamoras Some of our men have gone up
<lb/>Thursday 25 1846
<lb/>by order of Col <rs ref="#S8291">Hays</rs> we have moved camp about 4
<lb/>miles further up towards Matamoras the water
<lb/>where we were camped was so very bad that</p>
<note resp="#U93">
The Capt Chivalier that is mentioned I believe, was Michael H. Chevallie, who is recorded as a Major, 1st Texas Mounted Rifle Volunteers during the Mexican War.
</note>
<note resp="#U93">
First Lieutenant Lane was of course the same Walter Paye Lane that fought at the Battle of San Jacinto. His autobiography, written in 1887 and published under the title of "Adventures and Recollections of General Walter P. Lane," makes for interesting reading.
</note>
<note resp="#U93">
The Colonel Samuel H. Walker mentioned later lost his life at Huamantla, Mexico, and is remembered to this day for being one of the two inventors of the famous Walker Colt revolver. The other being the arms manufacturer, Samuel Colt.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2656" n="17" facs="/images/working/34/wPage16.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2656">
<fw type="pageNum">
16
</fw>
<p>The men were becoming sick from the use of it
<lb/>and wood was very hard to get we having
<lb/>to pick it up on the beach one or 2 miles from
<lb/>camp.
<lb/>Monday 29th 1846
<lb/>On thursday evening it rained without intermission
<lb/>for 24 hours
<lb/>and our camp being pitched in a low place
<lb/>it was flooded with water. We moved
<lb/>about 100 yds to higher ground but up to
<lb/>last night it continued to rain occasio
<lb/>nally. During the late storm the steam
<lb/>ship Col Heanery and a schooner
<lb/>loaded with troops and Govt stores
<lb/>have been wrecked on the <rs ref="#S8335">Bar at Brazos
<lb/>St Lago</rs> and some a total loss also the
<lb/>steam boat Frontier loaded with [cattle?]
<lb/>goods and camping equipment for one
<lb/>of the regiments of Volunteers
<lb/>has been lost on <rs ref="#S8382">the bar of the Rio
<lb/>Grande</rs>
<lb/>Wednesday July 1st 1846
<lb/>Struck camp this morning and
<lb/>moved about 2 miles farther up
<lb/>and pitched camp on a Lake of fresh
<lb/>water. Fine grass and plenty of
<lb/>wood and a good camping place
<lb/>Rained to day Our men go out
<lb/>hunting and bring in plenty of beef and
<lb/>veal. So we have fine living here
<lb/>The recent rains have flooded the
<lb/>pararies with water and making
<lb/>moving about very bad
<lb/></p>
</div>
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<div xml:id="P2657">
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<p>Saturday
<lb/>July 4th 1846
<lb/>This Morning we heard the
<lb/>firing of the guns at
<lb/>Matamoras in celebration of the
<lb/>aniversary of American Indipen
<lb/>dence. At 4 oclock we met at
<lb/>the <rs ref="#S8282">Governer Hendersen's</rs> tent where
<lb/>Genl [?] after a few prelimina
<lb/>ry remarks read the declaration
<lb/>of Independence. Doctor <rs ref="#S8283">Ashbel
<lb/>Smith</rs> followed with a very good
<lb/>speech When done <rs ref="#S8280">Wm Scurry</rs> was
<lb/>called on unanimously and made
<lb/>a very beautifull and flowery oration
<lb/>amid the acclimations of the audience
<lb/>Mr [?] of Virginia was then
<lb/>called on and delivered a short
<lb/>oration when the meeting was
<lb/>dismissed. <rs ref="#S8281">Capt Green</rs> presided.
<lb/>Today we have a fine breeze, but for
<lb/>several days it had been very hot.
<lb/>We have had 8 or 10 new recruits
<lb/>in our company in the last few days
<lb/>This evening we had volunters sing
<lb/>and speeches with which
<lb/>we spent the evening
<lb/>very pleasantly.
<lb/>July 9th 1846
<lb/>Went to Point Isabel for the purpose of
<lb/>procuring Leon a [convey?] and to [Galveston?]
<lb/>for being sick and the Surgeon advises his
<lb/>return home. There being no
<lb/>[steamers?] in I failed in procuring </p>
<note resp="#U93">
On this page my first cousin James Pinkney Henderson is mentioned, and although he was elected Governor of Texas in 1845, he asked permission of the Texas Legislature to take personal command of the Texans who volunteered in the Mexican War. He was appointed Major General of Texas Volunteers.
</note>
<note resp="#U93">
William Read Scurry was a lawyer, district attorney, legislature, and soldier that served in the Mexican-American War, and the American Civil War. Scurry was killed at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry on April 30, 1864. This same battle took the life of my 2nd great grand-uncle Capt. Richard Patrick (shot in the head.)
</note>
<note resp="#U93">
Ashbel Smith was a pioneer physician, diplomat and official of the Republic of Texas, Confederate officer and first President of the Board of Regents of the University of Texas.
</note>
<note resp="#U93">
Thomas Green was a lawyer, politician, soldier and officer of the Republic of Texas, and rose to the rank of Brigadier General of the Confederacy during the American Civil War. On April 12, 1864, Green was mortally wounded by a shell from a Federal gunboat while leading an attack on the gunboats patrolling the Red River at Blair's Landing.
</note>
</div>
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<div xml:id="P2658">
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</fw>
<p>him a passage. But as soon as one
<lb/>arrives he can get his discharge and
<lb/>return home. The troops are remov
<lb/>ing from the Brazos St Lago up the Rio
<lb/>Grande and we will march in 6 or 7 days
<lb/>or as soon as our arms and equipment
<lb/>arrive. A Company of regulars arrived
<lb/>at the point from <rs ref="#S8406">Fort Moultrie South
<lb/>Carolina</rs>. They were dressed in beauty
<lb/>full uniforms and made a handsome
<lb/>appearance.
</p><p>Sunday July 1846
<lb/>This morning we dress for pack
<lb/>mules each mess of 6 getting one
<lb/>our mess drew the 2nd [choice?]
<lb/>At four oclock we had a sermon
<lb/>by the Rev Mr Johnson of the Baptist
<lb/>Church he preached in the shade
<lb/>of some Muskeet bushes.
</p><p>Tuesday July 1846
<lb/>Last evening hearing that the Steamer
<lb/>Jas L Day had arrived I
<lb/>borrowed a carriage from the Naco
<lb/>doches company for <rs ref="#S8299">Duval</rs> and
<lb/>Leon to ride to the fort in where we
<lb/>arrived at 8 oclock. Went to the
<lb/>Quarter Master <rs ref="#S8287">Capt Sibley</rs> and got
<lb/>an order to the Quarter Master
<lb/>Maj <rs ref="#S8307">McRee</rs> at Brazos for a passage to Galveston
<lb/>for Leon. James Webb and J C <rs ref="#S8299">Duval</rs>
<lb/>are with him. The Jas L Day will not
<lb/>touch at Galveston but the steamship
<lb/></p>
<note resp="#U93">
The "Time Line" On this Tuesday mentioned, the 21st of July, General Taylor issues orders for the discharge of 3 and 6 month volunteers.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2659" n="20" facs="/images/working/34/wPage19.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2659">
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</fw>
<p>Galveston having come in with
<lb/>troops from <rs ref="#S8336">New Orleans</rs> they will take passage on her.
<lb/>There are some deaths in the eastern
<lb/>Regiment of Mounted Volunteers
<lb/>One of the <rs ref="#S8385">Tennessee</rs> Volunteers at <rs ref="#S8335">Brazos</rs> died
<lb/>yesterday and was buried with honors
<lb/>of war at the <rs ref="#S8323">point</rs>.
</p><p>Friday July 24th 1846
<lb/>Today the Eastern Regiment of
<lb/>Mounted Men Marched for <rs ref="#S8338">Mata
<lb/>moras</rs> on account of sickness in camp
<lb/>we expect to March in a few days for
<lb/>Mier by way of <rs ref="#S8339">Camargo</rs>.
<lb/>We have commenced drilling on horse
<lb/>back. <rs ref="#S8390">Mr Howard</rs> of our mess acting
<lb/>as drill officer he being a Graduate
<lb/>of <rs ref="#S8391"> west point</rs>. The Suttler of our Regim
<lb/>ent has moved into camp and is selling
<lb/>goods very fast and at a large
<lb/>profit He credits the volunteers on
<lb/>the faith of their wages so he will get
<lb/>a large amount of the pay.
<lb/>Thursday July 30th 1846
</p><p>This morning we have had a
<lb/>Regimental drill in which we form for
<lb/>march various evolutions and
<lb/>charging by companies
<lb/>Our charging was amusing. Horses
<lb/>trying to run away hats flying and </p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2660" n="21" facs="/images/working/34/wPage20.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2660">
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</fw>
<p>men laughing. Col <rs ref="#S8291">Hays</rs>
<lb/>having received an order to
<lb/>march for Matamoras with as
<lb/>little delay as possable has ordered a march
<lb/>to morrow morning. Our men are
<lb/>in high glee with the prospect of
<lb/>leaving this place. We having
<lb/>become very tired with laying
<lb/>so long in one place. We have
<lb/>several sick in our company Capt
<lb/>Acklin being one of them.
<lb/>Friday July 31st 1846
<lb/>Struck camp early this morning
<lb/>and took up the line of march for
<lb/>Matamoras. Went to the Battle ground
<lb/>of Palo Alto and camped. Rained
<lb/>today. This evening rode over the
<lb/>battle ground and found plenty
<lb/>of dead Mexicans and horses.
<lb/>We commenced standing guard
<lb/>to night for the first time since
<lb/>we were mustered into the service.
<lb/>The measles has broke out in camp
<lb/>and it makes it bad for the sick they
<lb/>having to ride in the waggons.
</p><p>Saturday August 1st 1846
<lb/>Started this morning from camp
<lb/>and went within one mile of the
<lb/>Rio Grande River and piched camp.
<lb/>Mr Hyman and myself rode down to
<lb/>the River this evening and took a </p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2661" n="22" facs="/images/working/34/wPage21.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2661">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>drink of River water, it being
<lb/>the first running water we have
<lb/>seen for two Months. <rs ref="#S8338">Matamoras</rs>
<lb/>from the east side of the River looks
<lb/>city like. The Stars and Stripes are
<lb/>flying over fort Brown on the east
<lb/>and fort Ampudia on the west side
<lb/>of the river. There is large plantations
<lb/>on this side of the river of the richest
<lb/>soil that has been made waste by
<lb/>the army of Genl <rs ref="#S8290">Taylor</rs>. This evening we
<lb/>elected Mr. Howard 2nd Lieutenant
<lb/>of the company.
</p><p>Sunday August 2nd 1846
<lb/>Today the Regt commenced crossing
<lb/>the river we being the next to the
<lb/>last company to cross we concluded
<lb/>to swim out horses and cross our
<lb/>baggage in a skiff. We crossed nearly
<lb/>all our horses over but the banks became
<lb/>so boggy that the remainder went by the
<lb/>ferry. Road through <rs ref="#S8338">Matamoras</rs> and
<lb/>and went to camp 1 mile from town.
</p><p>Monday Augt 3rd 1846
<lb/>Rode into town this morning and
<lb/>find part of the city well built
<lb/>it consisting in the centre of the town of
<lb/>brick buildings and the suburbs of mud
<lb/>covered with thached roofs. The streets
<lb/>are narrow and dirty. The Regular
<lb/>troops have nearly all marched for
<lb/><rs ref="#S8339">Camargo</rs>. Genl <rs ref="#S8290">Taylor</rs> will leave with</p>
<note resp="#U93">
When Zenas Matthews and his fellow volunteers arrived at the mouth of the Rio Grande, the battle for control of Brownsville and Matamoras had already been won by General Taylor's forces. Fort Texas had been renamed to Fort Brown in honor of it's commander, Major Jacob Brown who died from injuries received during the battle. Fort Texas was designed by chief engineer Capt. Joseph Mansfield, and was constructed of earthen walls 15 feet wide and 9 to 10 feet high. The earth being taken from the outside perimeter of these walls created a ditch about 8 feet deep and 15 to 20 feet wide that was crossed by a draw bridge. I find it fascinating that the fort was designed with the walls in the shape of a six sided star, with cannon placed on all six points.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2662" n="23" facs="/images/working/34/wPage22.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2662">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>his staff tomorrow. Our Regiment has
<lb/>received orders to scout the country south
<lb/>and west of here. The health of the troops
<lb/>is generally good
</p><p>August 8 1846
</p><p>Today took up the line of March
<lb/>for <rs ref="#S8343">San Fernando</rs>. Went 6 miles and
<lb/>camped. After dark a meeting
<lb/>of men was called for the purpose
<lb/>of nominating a candidate for
<lb/>congress but the men not agreeing
<lb/>who should be the committe the
<lb/>meeting was broke up.
</p><p>August 9 1846
</p><p>Struck camp at sun rise took up
<lb/>the line of March went 12 miles
<lb/>and stoped for the stragglers to
<lb/>come up.
<lb/>Today we had several stampedes
<lb/>of pack mules which was very
<lb/>amusing to all of us excepting
<lb/>the owners they pitching and running
<lb/>until they threw their packs off.
<lb/></p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2663" n="24" facs="/images/working/34/wPage23.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2663">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p><rs ref="#S8343">San Fernando</rs>
<lb/>Saturday August 15th 1846
<lb/>We arrived at this place on Thursday
<lb/>morning last, after a march of
<lb/>five days from <rs ref="#S8338">Matamoras</rs>.
<lb/>The country from the Rio Grande
<lb/>to this place is low and marshy
<lb/>pararies with scattering muskeet
<lb/>bushes on it. Some 10 miles from
<lb/>this place we came to the hilly
<lb/>lands or Mountains as they are
<lb/>called here. <rs ref="#S8343">San Fernando</rs> is
<lb/>situated on the Rio San Fernando
<lb/>a stream of 60 yds in width with
<lb/>high bluffs the stream very rough.
<lb/>The Soldiers that were stationed
<lb/>at this place left 3 day's before our
<lb/>arrival. Our picket guard the night
<lb/>before we came to town hailed a
<lb/>Mexican and he not answering was
<lb/>killed with his horse. The citizens
<lb/>are very friendly they claiming our
<lb/>protection and bringing into camp all
<lb/>kind of eatables and fruits, oranges
<lb/>Lemons Quinces Pomegranates peaches
<lb/></p>
<note resp="#U93">
"Time Line," the next day is 16 August 1846: Santa Anna returns to Mexico from exile in Cuba, and then two days later, U.S. forces under General Stephen W. Kearny occupy Santa Fé, New Mexico.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2664" n="25" facs="/images/working/34/wPage24.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2664">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>Sunday August 23rd 1846
<lb/>This morning we arrived at the
<lb/>town of <rs ref="#S8346">Colmena</rs> 120 miles from
<lb/><rs ref="#S8343">San Fernando</rs> after a travel of
<lb/>days over a Mountanious
<lb/>country. Our rout was for several
<lb/>days up the valley of the San
<lb/>Fernando River thence [turning?]
<lb/>west over the mountains. Our road
<lb/>was only a trail and having
<lb/>to march in a single file it made
<lb/>our lines about 2 miles long.
<lb/>Two days previous to our arrival
<lb/>here we had an alarm that
<lb/>the Mexicans had cut off our
<lb/>rear guard and was about to
<lb/>attack us in front. We halted
<lb/>and partly formed for battle
<lb/>but it turned out to be a
<lb/>false alarm. We had been
<lb/>informed for several days
<lb/>that there was from 3 to 4000
<lb/>Mexicans fortifying at this
<lb/>place but it was a mistake
<lb/>We sent in a spy company to
<lb/>reconoiter but they found nothing
<lb/>but peacable citizens and
<lb/>plenty to eat for our selves</p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2665" n="26" facs="/images/working/34/wPage25.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2665">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>and horses. We camped on the bank of the Rio San
<lb/>Juan a stream of 50 Yds in
<lb/>width and the current as swift
<lb/>as a mill race. The water is the
<lb/>best we have had. The town
<lb/>is small and is built partly of
<lb/>stone and part mud.
<lb/>Yesterday I completed my
<lb/>24th year and just 3 months
<lb/>from home.
</p><p>Monday 24th 1846
</p><p>Moved camp 3 miles down the River
<lb/>now camped. The grass is bad but
<lb/>we have plenty of corn. <del rend="overstrike">Col Hays
<lb/>with a detail of Men and pack
<lb/>mules started for Camargo this morn</del>
<lb/>We have had palonceo's issued
<lb/>to us in place of sugar so we have
<lb/>plenty of candy.
</p><p>Tuesday 25th 1846
<lb/>This morning Col <rs ref="#S8291">Hay's</rs> with
<lb/>a detail of men and pack
<lb/>mules started for Camargo </p>
<note resp="#U93">
Piloncillo is an unrefined sugar from Mexico produced in "cone" shapes of various sizes.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2666" n="27" facs="/images/working/34/wPage26.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2666">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>for the purpose of getting coffee
<lb/>&amp; sugar. We being out of <del rend="overstrike">both</del>
<lb/>those articles
<lb/>Wednesday 26th 1846 Last night we
<lb/>had an alarm of Mexicans
<lb/>our pickets having fired at some
<lb/>Mexicans. We all turned out in
<lb/>line and <del rend="overstrike">stood with</del> waited for
<lb/>the enemy to advance but none
<lb/>coming we went to our tents
<lb/>and slept on our arms.
<lb/>It proved to be a false alarm
<lb/>and all the damage done was
<lb/>the Killing of an old cow by the
<lb/>Pickets guard. To day we moved
<lb/>our camp 6 miles farther down
<lb/>the River to a rancho and camped
<lb/>in a valley of fine grass.
</p><p>Thursday 27th 1846
</p><p>To day it rained it being the first
<lb/>rain we have had since we left
<lb/><rs ref="#S8338">Matamoras</rs>. After dark the water
<lb/>commenced coming in our tents
<lb/>from the mountains so we had to
<lb/>decamp about 50 Yds to higher
<lb/>ground.</p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2667" n="28" facs="/images/working/34/wPage27.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2667">
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</fw>
<p>Saturday 29th 1846
</p><p>struck camp early this morning
<lb/>an went about 12 miles and
<lb/>camped. Grass is bad. Passed seve
<lb/>ral large Ranches to day.
<lb/>The country is pretty much the
<lb/>same in this part it being rocky
<lb/>hills and occasionaly a small
<lb/>Valley with a ranch. The land
<lb/>is rich but subject to overflow
<lb/>from the river. They raise 2 crops
<lb/>of corn here a year. The second
<lb/>being now about shoulder high
<lb/>to a man.
</p><p>Sunday Sept 7th 1846
<lb/>We arrived at this place (<rs ref="#S8404">Camar
<lb/>go</rs>) Several days ago
<lb/>our company and Capt Gran's
<lb/>and part of <rs ref="#S8350">Capt Hubbard's</rs>
<lb/>Compy for the purpose of getting
<lb/>our horses shod. <rs ref="#S8339">Camargo</rs> is sit
<lb/>uated on the Rio San Juan four
<lb/>miles from the <rs ref="#S8292">Rio Grande</rs>. The town
<lb/>has been overflowed two months</p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2668" n="29" facs="/images/working/34/wPage28.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2668">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>since and the town being built
<lb/>of mud brick suffered very much.
<lb/>More than half of the houses had
<lb/>fallen or injured so as to be almost
<lb/>useless. The landing presents a buis
<lb/>ness like apearance 5 or 6 Steam
<lb/>boats unloading all the freight for
<lb/>the army. There are about 15 Steam
<lb/>boats employed in the service here.
<lb/><rs ref="#S8290">Genl Taylor</rs> left here Yesterday
<lb/>for Seralvo the depot for the
<lb/>army on the route to Monteray.
<lb/>It is estimated that there are about
<lb/>[20?] thousand Volunteers here on the
<lb/>Rio Grande. The army for
<lb/><rs ref="#S8329">Monteray</rs> has marched for the Depot
<lb/>at <rs ref="#S8358">Seralvo</rs>. We will return to our
<lb/>Regiment at <rs ref="#S8355">China</rs> and thence to
<lb/>the Depot. Several of our men are
<lb/>returning home on account of sickness
<lb/>The 2nd Tennessee Regiment having half
<lb/>of their men sick.
</p><p>Sunday Sept 13th 1846
</p><p>Camp near <rs ref="#S8355">China</rs>
</p><p>We arrived at this place
<lb/>two days since from <rs ref="#S8339">Camargo</rs>
<lb/>found the Regt generally well.</p>
<note resp="#U93">
Seralvo was the phonetic spelling used by Zenas for Cerralvo.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2669" n="30" facs="/images/working/34/wPage29.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2669">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>One of the Montgomery Men
<lb/>having died of the meassles
<lb/>at Rancho "Loro" 6 miles from
<lb/>this place. Seargent <rs ref="#S8361">White</rs>
<lb/>of our company died last
<lb/>night of fever. We buried
<lb/>him with due honors.
<lb/>Our 3 months being out
<lb/>the 6th of this month and the
<lb/>men having the priveledge
<lb/>of going home about 20 or
<lb/>30 of each company left.
</p><p>Monday 14th Sept 1846
</p><p>Today the <del rend="overstrike">eastern</del> 2nd Regt
<lb/>will join us and tomorrow
<lb/>will march in a body for
<lb/>Marine where we will join
<lb/><rs ref="#S8290">Genl Taylor</rs>.
<lb/><rs ref="#S8291">Col. Hay's</rs> will start
<lb/>this evening with about
<lb/>80 more of the best
<lb/>Mounted men on a scout
<lb/>to <rs ref="#S8360">Catdarett</rs> for the purpose</p>
<note resp="#U93">
Correct spelling of Mexican locations continues to be a problem, while Marine probably refers to Marin, I think Catdarett should probably be Cadereyta.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2670" n="31" facs="/images/working/34/wPage30.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2670">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>of finding out the force of
<lb/>The Mexicans.
</p><p>Camp Near <rs ref="#S8329">Monteray</rs>
<lb/>Sept 19th 1846
<lb/>To day we arrived on the hill
<lb/>one mile from the city. (we have
<lb/>Joined <rs ref="#S8290">Genl Taylor</rs> on Yesterday
<lb/>morning) We formed our lines
<lb/>abd the Mexicans opened their
<lb/>Batteries upon us. They fired
<lb/>about 20 rounds at us but
<lb/>done no execution the shot
<lb/>striking the ground near us
<lb/>and bounding over our heads.
</p><p>We counter marched one mile
<lb/>on the road to a grove of large
<lb/>live Oaks in which are a large
<lb/>number of the finest springs
<lb/>I ever have seen and encamped.
<lb/>This evening we sent out a
<lb/>party of 50 men to reconoiter
<lb/>the Town under <rs ref="#S8310">Capt Gillespie</rs>.
<lb/>The Mexicans opened their
<lb/>artillery upon them and
<lb/>there is some uneasiness in camp</p>
<note resp="#U93">
The Capt Gillespie mentioned was Captain Robert A Gillespie, and not Capt. James Gillaspie that commanded the Sixth Company of the Second Regiment in 1836, at the Battle of San Jacinto. Both men were however under the command of Colonel John Coffee Hays in the battle at Monterey.
</note>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2671" n="32" facs="/images/working/34/wPage31.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2671">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>about their Safety.
</p><p>Sept 20th 1846
<lb/>About midnight our scouts
<lb/>came in all safe they having
<lb/>after dark went all round
<lb/>their fortifycations and took
<lb/>a few prisoners.
<lb/><rs ref="#S8329">Monteray</rs> is fortified very
<lb/>Strong and the Mexican forces are
<lb/>variously estimated at from
<lb/>10 to 20 thousand strong.
<lb/><rs ref="#S8290">Genl Taylor's</rs> force is 6500
<lb/>men all told our men are very
<lb/>sanguine and eager for
<lb/>the conflict. This afternoon <rs ref="#S8369">Genl
<lb/>Worth</rs> was ordered to take up his
<lb/>position on the <rs ref="#S8342">Saltillo</rs> Road in the
<lb/>rear of the city to prevent the Mex
<lb/>icans retreating. His force is about 16
<lb/>or 17 hundred regular troops
<lb/>and one Regiment making about
<lb/>2000 men. In encamping for the night our men
<lb/>was fired upon by the Mexican Cava
<lb/>lry and Infantry that were in the corn fields
<lb/>but they done no damage only
</p><p/>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2672" n="33" facs="/images/working/34/wPage32.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2672">
<fw type="pageNum">
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</fw>
<p>wounding one man.
<lb/>Sept 21st 1846
</p><p>This morning about 1000 or
<lb/>1500 of the Mexican Lancers
<lb/>charged our lines 2 of our compy
<lb/>were mounted and the balance
<lb/>was stationed behind the brush
<lb/>fence to do sharp shooting. On
<lb/>they came, our men receiving the
<lb/>charge and repulsed them with
<lb/>a loss of 100 killed and wounded.
<lb/>Our men was supported by the
<lb/>Infantry and as soon as the
<lb/>Mexicans had retreated up the
<lb/>hill high enough <rs ref="#S8372">Capt Duncan</rs>
<lb/>opened his battery of flying
<lb/>artillery upon them by firing
<lb/>over our mens heads with consider
<lb/>able effect. <del rend="overstrike">An Order
<lb/>having been received by <rs ref="#S8340">Maj Chevallier</rs>
<lb/>for the 2nd Battalion of Reg</del>
<lb/>Our loss was one Killed and
<lb/>several wounded. The Col of the
<lb/>Lancers was killed.
<lb/></p>
</div>
<pb xml:id="F2673" n="34" facs="/images/working/34/wPage33.jpg"/>
<div xml:id="P2673">
<fw type="pageNum">
33
</fw>
<p>An order was received by <rs ref="#S8377">Maj
<lb/>Chevallie</rs> from <rs ref="#S8291">Col Hays</rs> for the
<lb/>remainder of the Regt to join
<lb/>him with out delay. We left
<lb/>a few men to takecare of the camp
<lb/>and started for the Regt. We
<lb/>had to pass within range of two their
<lb/>Batteries for 1 mile. They firing
<lb/>upon us all the time but doing
<lb/>no damage their shot falling short
<lb/>or going over our heads.
</p><p>Nothing could be done towards
<lb/>attacking the city without taking
<lb/>the two heights and the <rs ref="#S8376">Bishops
<lb/>Palace</rs>. The first heights having two
<lb/>Batteries upon it. We moved back
<lb/>out of range of their shot. We
<lb/>halted and got something to eat
<lb/>Five Companies of our Regiment
<lb/>was dismounted with as many
<lb/>regulars and marched to bring
<lb/>on the attack which they done. The
<lb/>Mexicans advanced down the
<lb/>hill and commenced firing
<lb/>upon them at the distance of</p>
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<p>six hundred yards. Our men
<lb/>advanced within rifle shot when the Mexicans
<lb/>gave way. The 2nd Battalion was then
<lb/>marched to reinforce with several
<lb/>compy's of Infantry. The Mexicans
<lb/>having abandoned the first battery
<lb/>and retreated to the 2nd and we joined
<lb/>the 1st Battalion and made a charge
<lb/>upon the 2nd Battery they pouring
<lb/>the grape and round shot at
<lb/>us without much damage to
<lb/>us. When we got near their breast
<lb/>works they retreated down the
<lb/>hill in confusion. We then gave them
<lb/>a parting salute by pouring it into
<lb/>their backs. As soon as the Mexicans
<lb/>had got into the valley they let
<lb/>loose their artillery from the <rs ref="#S8376">Bishops
<lb/>palace</rs> on us. We returned their fire
<lb/>with their own guns and amunition
<lb/>having taken 3 fine pieces and plenty
<lb/>of amunation neither doing any
<lb/>damage. We returned to our horses
<lb/>and encamped at a ranch. We being
<lb/>very tired hungry <del rend="overstrike">and tired</del> and wet from
<lb/>wading the river and ditches. We turn
<lb/>ed in with a good will. We cooked
<lb/>plenty of roasting ears <del rend="overstrike">of corn</del></p>
</div>
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<p>and had a fine feast of them.
</p><p>We had several killed and wounded
<lb/>today one capt of artillery was
<lb/>Killed with a 12 pound shot at the
<lb/>distance of a mile.
</p><p>Tuesday Sept 22nd 1846
</p><p>At 3 oclock this morning we <del rend="overstrike">went</del>
<lb/>to marched for the 2nd height. The
<lb/>object of starting so early was to
<lb/>avoid the raking of the artillery
<lb/>from the <rs ref="#S8376">Bishops Palace</rs> and
<lb/>the height. We arrived at the
<lb/>foot of the height just at
<lb/>day light when we commenced
<lb/>the ascent
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">climbing up</del> We got within
<lb/>about 50 Yds before the Mexicans
<lb/>opened their fire upon us. When
<lb/>we raised the <hi rend="underline">Yell</hi> and made
<lb/>a charge They poured their fire
<lb/>into us for ten minutes when they
<lb/>gave way and retreated into the
<lb/>Bishops palace about 400
<lb/>Yds down the hill. They then <del rend="overstrike">opened</del></p>
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<p>opened a fire of round and
<lb/>grape shot at us. We laying down
<lb/>behind the ledges of rock were
<lb/>entirely protected from their shot
<lb/>as the distance was to great for Rifle
<lb/>shot. We <del rend="overstrike">waited to</del> sent for a
<lb/>howitzer from <rs ref="#S8372">Capt Duncan's</rs> Battery
<lb/>Which we pulled up the hill by
<lb/>hand and change the sand bags
<lb/>over the other side as a breast work
<lb/>to it and commenced throwing Shells
<lb/>into the palace. The Battery on the
<lb/>other height throwing round shot
<lb/>at the same time. We lay in our
<lb/>positions until two oclock when
<lb/>we made a charge on the Palace
<lb/>The Mexicans retreating into town.
<lb/>We found that our shells had done
<lb/>considerable execution. The Mexicans
<lb/>had spiked their cannon before
<lb/>leaving. (one being dismounted by a shot
<lb/>from our battery on the other height)
<lb/>but we got it out <del rend="overstrike">bef</del> and gave
<lb/>them a few rounds before they were out
<lb/>of reach the shot.</p>
</div>
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<p>We returned to camp tired and
<lb/>hungry as usual. Encamped in
<lb/>the same position as we did last
<lb/>night the train being moved
<lb/>up to the Palace. Capt <rs ref="#S8310">Gillespie</rs>
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">was mortal</del>
<lb/>received a mortal wound in the
<lb/>pit of the stomach. Several regulars
<lb/>was Killed and wounded.
<lb/>Wednesday 23rd Sept 1846
</p><p>This Morning a part of our Division
<lb/>was ordered by Genl <rs ref="#S8311">Worth</rs> under
<lb/>Command of Genl Brown to take
<lb/>possession of the Mill 3 miles
<lb/>up the pass for the purpose
<lb/>of driving back any reinforc
<lb/>ments of Mexicans that were coming. (We having
<lb/>hear that a large reinforcment
<lb/>of Mexicans were near The force consisted of maybe 1 or 2 piec
<lb/>[artillery and 500 Regulars (up the rt margin)] The Cavalry
<lb/>left the place. The regulars fortified
<lb/>the place in short order by pulling
<lb/>down stone fences and building
<lb/>breast works between the houses and
<lb/>also cutting holes in the walls of
<lb/>the houses for the Infantry to fire
</p><p> </p>
<note resp="#U93">
Soldier Matthews fear, or mention of Capt Robert Gillespie's receiving a mortal wound proved to have merit, because sadly Gillespie died during the assault of the second height.
</note>
</div>
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<p>from. A part of our company went
<lb/>out to reconoiter but discovered nothing.
</p><p>We remained here about 2 hours
<lb/>when an express came for our Regt
<lb/>come to town as Genl <rs ref="#S8311">Worth</rs> had comm
<lb/>enced the attack on the City. We leaving
<lb/>about 60 men as lookouts for Genl Brown
<lb/>On the arrival of our Regt in Town
<lb/>Genl <rs ref="#S8311">Worth</rs> sent for the [Rmanider?] of the force
<lb/>at the Mill so that he could operate
<lb/>more efictnally in Town. Our troops cut
<lb/>their way through the houses to the Mex
<lb/>icans then commenced firing upon one
<lb/>another from the tops of the houses
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">the firing</del> Our artiller had advanced down
<lb/>the streets and were busy throwing shells
<lb/>and grape shot into the Mexicans.
<lb/>Dark stoped the firing. A part of our regiment
<lb/>remained in their places in town the balance
<lb/>went out to take care of the horses.
<lb/>Our large 13 inch Mortar was planted
<lb/>in the cemeting in the upper plaza and
<lb/>just at dark commenced throwing shells
<lb/>at the cathedral near which the Mexicans
<lb/>were. It was a beautiful sight to see the blazing
<lb/>shell flying trough the air. But the firing
<lb/>of our Mortar attracted the attention
<lb/>the Mexican Mortar at the black
<lb/>fort. They threw a shell at us but it went
<lb/>past <del rend="overstrike">our heads</del> us several hundred Yards </p>
</div>
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<p>befor it exploded. Genl <rs ref="#S8311">Worth</rs> <del rend="overstrike">and Staff</del>
<lb/>were setting on his horse and 1 [?]
<lb/>2 officers around him receiving orders for
<lb/>the night. Just as the Shell of the Mexicans
<lb/>came every one put spurs to his horse and
<lb/>dashed off in different directions to ex
<lb/>cape the explosion. I was setting down
<lb/>by the Cemetery at the time <del rend="overstrike">with</del>
<lb/>waiting for one of the waggons to ride
<lb/>out to camp. My feet was so badly galled
<lb/>and sore that I could hardly walk so
<lb/>I sat still and amused myself by the
<lb/>dashing off of the officers and admiring
<lb/>the blazing shells.
</p><p>Thursday Sept 24th
</p><p>This Morning the firing from the house
<lb/>tops commenced again but a
<lb/>White flag made the appearance
<lb/>and a parley persude. Genl <rs ref="#S8290">Taylor</rs> came
<lb/>around to our side of the town with
<lb/>his staff and went to the Quarters
<lb/>of Genl Ampudia who surrendered
<lb/>the town. But the terms of capitulation
<lb/>were very unpopular with our men as
<lb/>they permitted the Mexicans to <del rend="overstrike">retain</del>
<lb/>march off with their small arms
<lb/>and six pieces of artillery </p>
</div>
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<p>and Salute their flag when taken
<lb/>down. <rs ref="#S8291">Hays</rs> and <rs ref="#S8306">Walker</rs> was very
<lb/>much chagrined and the men
<lb/>almost savage about it <del rend="overstrike">to think</del>
<lb/>after our division had taken all of
<lb/>their out work west of the city and
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">fought</del> driving the enemy back into the circle
<lb/>of a few squares of the City and nearly
<lb/>surrounded by our troops so that their only
<lb/>chance of retreat was cut off and then
<lb/>to let them have almost their own terms
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">of</del> was too bad! An unconditional surrender
<lb/>would have satisfied the men and even
<lb/>if the enemy had persisted in fighting
<lb/>we could have silenced him in one
<lb/>or two hours and made him surrender
<lb/>at discretion for we had our heavy
<lb/>Mortars planted within range and 1 or
<lb/>2 howitzers on the housetops The artillery
<lb/>in the Streets our men on the house tops
<lb/>the enemy being within a few
<lb/>squares. So we could not have failed to
<lb/>make great havoc among them and
<lb/>but comparatively little danger on
<lb/>our part.
<lb/>Genl <rs ref="#S8311">Worth</rs> our commanding General is liked
<lb/>by all of the Vollunteers he seemed to
<lb/>avoid any unnicessary
<lb/>loss of life yet at the same time to use </p>
</div>
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<p>every effort to insure success to our
<lb/>operations. The loss of our Division
<lb/>was much less than either the first or
<lb/>second Divisions it being about 60
<lb/>Killed &amp; Wounded. The loss of the 3
<lb/>Divisions was about 550 <del rend="overstrike">to 600</del>
</p><p>Friday Sept 25 1846
<lb/> Quarters
<lb/>This Morning took a promonade
<lb/>through the city in full Texas
<lb/>uniform. U.S. ragged clothes bare footed
<lb/>and nearly hatless Whiskers and Mustaches too [long?]
<lb/>Find the city
<lb/><del rend="overstrike">well built</del> strongly built in the
<lb/>moorish style with flat roofs
<lb/>the principle streets are paved.
<lb/>The stores and shops are all
<lb/>closed so we cannot buy any
<lb/>thing as yet. Many of the citizens
<lb/>removed from the city previous
<lb/>to the Battle. <rs ref="#S8329">Monterey</rs> is situated
<lb/>on the San Juan River at the mouth
<lb/>of the gorge near the [pass?] of Mounta
<lb/>ins. From the height of the Bishops
<lb/>the view is Magnificent the City
<lb/>with its gardens and orange groves
<lb/>on the one hand on the other as you look
<lb/>up the valley you behold a <del rend="overstrike">the</del> continued sheet</p>
</div>
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<p>of corn and sugar farms as far as the eye can reach and on
<lb/>either side of the valley the towering
<lb/>Mountains whose peaks seem to pierce
<lb/>the sky. it has rendord him
<lb/> as {?}
<lb/>Saturday Sept 26 1846
<lb/>Genl <rs ref="#S8311">Worth</rs> for the gallant services has given his Regiment
<lb/>Quarters in the City. The house occupi
<lb/>ed by our company is a fine large building
<lb/>with out houses a fine well a stream of
<lb/>water runing through the lot a fine garden
<lb/>and a splendid orange Lemon and citron
<lb/>grove for our horses to urinate in
<lb/>and plenty of corn stored in one
<lb/>of the out houses. The trees have abun
<lb/>dance of fruit on them bananas and there are seve
<lb/>ral other kinds of fruit the names of which
<lb/>I do not know and in fact [?] all the tropical fruits [?]
<lb/>the whole of which is enclosed here
<lb/>with a high stone wall. The stores have
<lb/>opened las evening and to day so [?] purchase [?]
<lb/>such articles of clothing as we need.
<lb/>All articles the Mexicans have for
<lb/>sale such as blankets [saddls?] or
<lb/>they charge us about twice the usual
<lb/>prices. </p>
</div>
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<p>Sunday September 27th 1846
<lb/>This morning went to Grand Mass
<lb/>at the <rs ref="#S8395">cathedral</rs> and found <del rend="overstrike">about</del>
<lb/>several hundred Volunteers as spectators
<lb/>of the clergery there was but few
<lb/>communicants they were partly of
<lb/>our Regulars and voluteer troops
<lb/>The most fashionable Mexican Belle
<lb/>and servant girl the aristoc
<lb/>ratic getleman and the peone all kneel
<lb/>ing together at the threshold of the
<lb/>church All distinctions of society
<lb/>put aside but during service all
<lb/>are on an equality. There is nothing
<lb/>very extraordinary in this church. The
<lb/>paintin are <del rend="overstrike">very</del> ordinary so far as
<lb/>I was capable of judgeing. the images
<lb/>were bronzed or painted the alter and
<lb/>fixtures were of wood and
<lb/>painted with some taste</p>
</div>
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</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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