Patching the LaTeX output of Sphinx with line highligting

actual-output.tex

% Generated by Sphinx.
\def\sphinxdocclass{report}
\documentclass[letterpaper,10pt,english]{sphinxmanual}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A0}{\nobreakspace}
\usepackage{cmap}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage[Bjarne]{fncychap}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{sphinx}
\usepackage{multirow}

\addto\captionsenglish{\renewcommand{\figurename}{Fig. }}
\addto\captionsenglish{\renewcommand{\tablename}{Table }}
\floatname{literal-block}{Listing }



\title{p Documentation}
\date{December 20, 2015}
\release{v}
\author{a}
\newcommand{\sphinxlogo}{}
\renewcommand{\releasename}{Release}
\makeindex

\makeatletter

% (omitted some lines)

\makeatother

\renewcommand\PYGZsq{\textquotesingle}

\begin{document}

\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\phantomsection\label{index::doc}


\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{some\PYGZus{}function}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
    \PYG{n}{interesting} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n+nb+bp}{False}
    \PYG{k}{print} \PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}\PYG{l+s}{This line is highlighted.}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}
    \PYG{k}{print} \PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}\PYG{l+s}{This one is not...}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}
    \PYG{k}{print} \PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}\PYG{l+s}{...but this one is.}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}
\end{Verbatim}



\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index}
\printindex
\end{document}

input.rst

Documentation

def some_function():
    interesting = False
    print 'This line is highlighted.'
    print 'This one is not...'
    print '...but this one is.'

patched-output.tex

% Generated by Sphinx.
\def\sphinxdocclass{report}
\documentclass[letterpaper,10pt,english]{sphinxmanual}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{00A0}{\nobreakspace}
\usepackage{cmap}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{times}
\usepackage[Bjarne]{fncychap}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{sphinx}
\usepackage{multirow}

\addto\captionsenglish{\renewcommand{\figurename}{Fig. }}
\addto\captionsenglish{\renewcommand{\tablename}{Table }}
\floatname{literal-block}{Listing }



\title{p Documentation}
\date{December 20, 2015}
\release{v}
\author{a}
\newcommand{\sphinxlogo}{}
\renewcommand{\releasename}{Release}
\makeindex

\makeatletter

% (omitted some lines)

\makeatother

\renewcommand\PYGZsq{\textquotesingle}

\begin{document}

\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\phantomsection\label{index::doc}


\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{some\PYGZus{}function}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
    \PYG{n}{interesting} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n+nb+bp}{False}
\colorbox{yellow}{\!\!    \PYG{k}{print} \PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}\PYG{l+s}{This line is highlighted.}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}}
    \PYG{k}{print} \PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}\PYG{l+s}{This one is not...}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}
\colorbox{yellow}{\!\!    \PYG{k}{print} \PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}\PYG{l+s}{...but this one is.}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZsq{}}}
\end{Verbatim}



\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index}
\printindex
\end{document}