easy-method.js

// Source: http://stackoverflow.com/a/14823315/440643

var _show = $.fn.modal.Constructor.prototype.show;

$.fn.modal.Constructor.prototype.show = function() {
    _show.apply(this, arguments);
    //Do custom stuff here
};

extended-method.js

/**
 * This way you can
 * 1) add your own default options
 * 2) create new methods with custom arguments and access to original (super) functions
 * 3) do stuff in the constructor before and/or after the original constructor is called
 * 
 * Source: http://stackoverflow.com/a/12689534/440643
 */

// save the original function object
var _super = $.fn.modal;

// add custom defaults
$.extend( _super.defaults, {
    foo: 'bar',
    john: 'doe'
});

// create a new constructor
var Modal = function(element, options) {

    // do custom constructor stuff here

     // call the original constructor
    _super.Constructor.apply( this, arguments );

}

// extend prototypes and add a super function
Modal.prototype = $.extend({}, _super.Constructor.prototype, {
    constructor: Modal,
    _super: function() {
        var args = $.makeArray(arguments);
        _super.Constructor.prototype[args.shift()].apply(this, args);
    },
    show: function() {

        // do custom method stuff

        // call the original method
        this._super('show');
    }
});

// override the old initialization with the new constructor
$.fn.modal = $.extend(function(option) {

    var args = $.makeArray(arguments),
        option = args.shift();

    return this.each(function() {

        var $this = $(this);
        var data = $this.data('modal'),
            options = $.extend({}, _super.defaults, $this.data(), typeof option == 'object' && option);

        if ( !data ) {
            $this.data('modal', (data = new Modal(this, options)));
        }
        if (typeof option == 'string') {
            data[option].apply( data, args );
        }
        else if ( options.show ) {
            data.show.apply( data, args );
        }
    });

}, $.fn.modal);