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@bradtraversy
Last active October 12, 2024 11:26
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MySQL Cheat Sheet

MySQL Cheat Sheet

Help with SQL commands to interact with a MySQL database

MySQL Locations

  • Mac /usr/local/mysql/bin
  • Windows /Program Files/MySQL/MySQL version/bin
  • Xampp /xampp/mysql/bin

Add mysql to your PATH

# Current Session
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin
# Permanantly
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

On Windows - https://www.qualitestgroup.com/resources/knowledge-center/how-to-guide/add-mysql-path-windows/

Login

mysql -u root -p

Show Users

SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user;

Create User

CREATE USER 'someuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'somepassword';

Grant All Priveleges On All Databases

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO 'someuser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Show Grants

SHOW GRANTS FOR 'someuser'@'localhost';

Remove Grants

REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION FROM 'someuser'@'localhost';

Delete User

DROP USER 'someuser'@'localhost';

Exit

exit;

Show Databases

SHOW DATABASES

Create Database

CREATE DATABASE acme;

Delete Database

DROP DATABASE acme;

Select Database

USE acme;

Create Table

CREATE TABLE users(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   first_name VARCHAR(100),
   last_name VARCHAR(100),
   email VARCHAR(50),
   password VARCHAR(20),
   location VARCHAR(100),
   dept VARCHAR(100),
   is_admin TINYINT(1),
   register_date DATETIME,
   PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

Delete / Drop Table

DROP TABLE tablename;

Show Tables

SHOW TABLES;

Insert Row / Record

INSERT INTO users (first_name, last_name, email, password, location, dept, is_admin, register_date) values ('Brad', 'Traversy', 'brad@gmail.com', '123456','Massachusetts', 'development', 1, now());

Insert Multiple Rows

INSERT INTO users (first_name, last_name, email, password, location, dept,  is_admin, register_date) values ('Fred', 'Smith', 'fred@gmail.com', '123456', 'New York', 'design', 0, now()), ('Sara', 'Watson', 'sara@gmail.com', '123456', 'New York', 'design', 0, now()),('Will', 'Jackson', 'will@yahoo.com', '123456', 'Rhode Island', 'development', 1, now()),('Paula', 'Johnson', 'paula@yahoo.com', '123456', 'Massachusetts', 'sales', 0, now()),('Tom', 'Spears', 'tom@yahoo.com', '123456', 'Massachusetts', 'sales', 0, now());

Select

SELECT * FROM users;
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users;

Where Clause

SELECT * FROM users WHERE location='Massachusetts';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE location='Massachusetts' AND dept='sales';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE is_admin = 1;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE is_admin > 0;

Delete Row

DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 6;

Update Row

UPDATE users SET email = 'freddy@gmail.com' WHERE id = 2;

Add New Column

ALTER TABLE users ADD age VARCHAR(3);

Modify Column

ALTER TABLE users MODIFY COLUMN age INT(3);

Order By (Sort)

SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY last_name ASC;
SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY last_name DESC;

Concatenate Columns

SELECT CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name) AS 'Name', dept FROM users;

Select Distinct Rows

SELECT DISTINCT location FROM users;

Between (Select Range)

SELECT * FROM users WHERE age BETWEEN 20 AND 25;

Like (Searching)

SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE 'd%';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE 'dev%';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE '%t';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE '%e%';

Not Like

SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept NOT LIKE 'd%';

IN

SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept IN ('design', 'sales');

Create & Remove Index

CREATE INDEX LIndex On users(location);
DROP INDEX LIndex ON users;

New Table With Foreign Key (Posts)

CREATE TABLE posts(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   user_id INT,
   title VARCHAR(100),
   body TEXT,
   publish_date DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
   PRIMARY KEY(id),
   FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id)
);

Add Data to Posts Table

INSERT INTO posts(user_id, title, body) VALUES (1, 'Post One', 'This is post one'),(3, 'Post Two', 'This is post two'),(1, 'Post Three', 'This is post three'),(2, 'Post Four', 'This is post four'),(5, 'Post Five', 'This is post five'),(4, 'Post Six', 'This is post six'),(2, 'Post Seven', 'This is post seven'),(1, 'Post Eight', 'This is post eight'),(3, 'Post Nine', 'This is post none'),(4, 'Post Ten', 'This is post ten');

INNER JOIN

SELECT
  users.first_name,
  users.last_name,
  posts.title,
  posts.publish_date
FROM users
INNER JOIN posts
ON users.id = posts.user_id
ORDER BY posts.title;

New Table With 2 Foriegn Keys

CREATE TABLE comments(
	id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
    post_id INT,
    user_id INT,
    body TEXT,
    publish_date DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    PRIMARY KEY(id),
    FOREIGN KEY(user_id) references users(id),
    FOREIGN KEY(post_id) references posts(id)
);

Add Data to Comments Table

INSERT INTO comments(post_id, user_id, body) VALUES (1, 3, 'This is comment one'),(2, 1, 'This is comment two'),(5, 3, 'This is comment three'),(2, 4, 'This is comment four'),(1, 2, 'This is comment five'),(3, 1, 'This is comment six'),(3, 2, 'This is comment six'),(5, 4, 'This is comment seven'),(2, 3, 'This is comment seven');

Left Join

SELECT
comments.body,
posts.title
FROM comments
LEFT JOIN posts ON posts.id = comments.post_id
ORDER BY posts.title;

Join Multiple Tables

SELECT
comments.body,
posts.title,
users.first_name,
users.last_name
FROM comments
INNER JOIN posts on posts.id = comments.post_id
INNER JOIN users on users.id = comments.user_id
ORDER BY posts.title;

Aggregate Functions

SELECT COUNT(id) FROM users;
SELECT MAX(age) FROM users;
SELECT MIN(age) FROM users;
SELECT SUM(age) FROM users;
SELECT UCASE(first_name), LCASE(last_name) FROM users;

Group By

SELECT age, COUNT(age) FROM users GROUP BY age;
SELECT age, COUNT(age) FROM users WHERE age > 20 GROUP BY age;
SELECT age, COUNT(age) FROM users GROUP BY age HAVING count(age) >=2;
@coletking
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you are great.. God !!!!!!!!!

@gilbertozioma
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This is really helpful, thank you.

@jamiecorky
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@Sohad-Almadhoon
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Thank you so much!!!!!

@firas-b
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firas-b commented May 29, 2023

thank you ,really helpful

@Anas-Ouardi101
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Thanks a lot, man.

@iamhosen
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iamhosen commented Jun 8, 2023

Great cheat sheet. Thanks!

@agatorr
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agatorr commented Jul 11, 2023

Thanks for this dude!

@AVI1213
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AVI1213 commented Jul 19, 2023

Thanks , great help in summarizing sql

@Razia001
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Razia001 commented Sep 7, 2023

Amazing!!

@preciousdamian
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Thank you Brad

@Lala0z
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Lala0z commented Oct 27, 2023

Thanks Brad!

@Rahamatullamandal2005
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Thank you for your help 🙏 🙂

@Byadiso
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Byadiso commented Nov 17, 2023

Thank you Brad this is awesome!

@JerryDcodemaster
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Bravo! Brad

@nizefel
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nizefel commented Nov 21, 2023

Thank You Brad ....

@Adechris
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Adechris commented Dec 6, 2023

This is wonderful... bravo

@josephakaro
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Thanks a lot Brad! loved Watching your videos on YouTube.

@kcnaiamh
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Thanks a lot.

@aassiccibility
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Respected Team,

I hope you are doing well!
I’m Vipin Kumar (digital marketer for Precise Testing Solution Pvt. Ltd.). I’m passionate about exploring and writing about innovation and technology, including cyber security, software testing, and digital marketing trends.

I went through your website and read several blogs, and I feel they touch on the realm of my work and expertise. I genuinely appreciate the awareness you are creating with the meaningful content on your website. I would very much like to be a part of it through guest posting.

I would like to introduce myself as a digital marketer.

What do you think?

Please let me know

Thanks & Regards
Vipin Kumar
Precise Testing Solution

https://precisetestingsolution.com/detailed-guide-to-non-functional-testing

@BALA441
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BALA441 commented Jan 7, 2024

Thanks lot

@abma2008
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Thanks a lot for all the wonderful and brief commands.
But I am also looking for some help with MySQLshell commands. does anyone know anything similar to this type of explanation that talks about mysqlshell?

@kelchmonteiro
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great! thank u!

@Zunaeed-Imran
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Thanks Man.

@sharif221
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; missing on SHOW DATABASES; command

@izuru775
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izuru775 commented May 7, 2024

Thanks Brad!

@abma2008
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abma2008 commented May 9, 2024 via email

@samuel212121
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that was best keep it up.

@MokshSharma06
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Insightful Mate !

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