Formatted version of https://cs.stanford.edu/~knuth/chatGPT20.txt

knuth v gpt.md

Question	ChatGPT Response	Knuth Commentary
Tell me what Donald Knuth says to Stephen Wolfram about chatGPT.	1: I'm sorry, but I don't have any information about a conversation between Donald Knuth and Stephen Wolfram regarding ChatGPT. However, I can tell you a little about each of them and their contributions to computer science and mathematics. Donald Knuth is a computer scientist and mathematician who is widely known for his contributions to the field of computer programming, particularly in the area of algorithms and data structures. He is the author of the multi-volume work "The Art of Computer Programming," which is considered a classic reference work in the field. Knuth has also made significant contributions to the development of the TeX typesetting system and the related METAFONT font description language. Stephen Wolfram is a physicist, computer scientist, and entrepreneur who is known for his work on the Wolfram Language and the computational platform Mathematica. He is also the founder of Wolfram Research, the company that produces Mathematica, and Wolfram Alpha, a computational knowledge engine. Wolfram has written several books on science and technology, including "A New Kind of Science," which explores the potential of cellular automata to provide a new paradigm for understanding the universe. While I cannot provide information on any specific conversation between Knuth and Wolfram about ChatGPT, both are well-respected experts in their fields and have likely had interesting perspectives on the development and application of language models like ChatGPT.	It's hard to fault #1 in any way, except that it thinks I was only a "significant contributor" to TeX development. Maybe that's a majority view? Anyway I'm glad it put TAOCP first. Similarly, you have apparently only "worked on" Mathematica, etc. Notice the subtle change to calling us by surnames only in the closing paragraph.
Tell me what Stephen Wolfram says to Donald Knuth about chatGPT.	2: As an AI language model, I don't have direct access to private conversations between Stephen Wolfram and Donald Knuth, so I cannot provide you with a specific answer to your question. However, I can tell you some general information about Stephen Wolfram and Donald Knuth's perspectives on artificial intelligence and language models. Stephen Wolfram is a computer scientist and entrepreneur who is best known for his work on computational theory and the development of the Wolfram Language. He has written extensively about the potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning to transform the way we think about and solve complex problems. Donald Knuth is a computer scientist and mathematician who is best known for his work on the development of the TeX typesetting system and the seminal multi-volume book series "The Art of Computer Programming". Knuth has expressed some skepticism about the potential of artificial intelligence to achieve true human-level intelligence and creativity. Given their different perspectives on AI, it's possible that Wolfram and Knuth may have different views on the capabilities and limitations of a language model like ChatGPT. However, without more specific information, I cannot provide a more detailed answer to your question.	In #2 you aren't a physicist or related to Mathematica, but rather have written extensively about the potential of ML.
Why does Mathematica give the wrong value for Binomial[-1,-1]?	3: The expression Binomial[-1,-1] is undefined, and so there is no unique or "correct" value that can be assigned to it. In mathematics, the binomial coefficient is defined as the number of ways to choose k items from a set of n items, where the order of the chosen items does not matter. When n is a non-negative integer and k is a non-negative integer less than or equal to n, the binomial coefficient is defined by the formula: Binomial[n,k] = n! / (k! (n-k)!) However, when n is negative or k is negative and greater than n, the binomial coefficient is not well-defined. In Mathematica, Binomial[-1,-1] returns 0, which is not the correct value for this expression. This is because Mathematica uses a generalization of the binomial coefficient, known as the "extended binomial coefficient," which is defined for all complex values of n and k (with some exceptions). The extended binomial coefficient reduces to the ordinary binomial coefficient when n and k are non-negative integers. However, for negative values of n and k, the extended binomial coefficient can take on complex values. In the case of Binomial[-1,-1], the extended binomial coefficient is given by the formula: Binomial[-1,-1] = (-1)! / (-1 - (-1))! = 1 / 0 Since division by zero is undefined, the correct value of Binomial[-1,-1] is not well-defined. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the domain of definition of mathematical functions and expressions when working with them, especially when using computer algebra systems like Mathematica.	Answer #3 is fouled up beautifully! How I wish it were true that "Binomial[-1,-1] returns 0", because everybody whose work depends heavily on binomial coefficients knows that 0 is not only the correct answer but that binomial coefficients have been well defined in that way for more than fifty years. And of course, unfortunately, Binomial[-1,-1] actually returns 1, alas. The answer goes on to state that (-1)! is well defined (indeed equal to 1), etc. But it's all expressed in marvelous English prose.
Who wrote Beethoven's 10th Symphony?	4: Beethoven's 10th Symphony was never completed or written. The composer, Ludwig van Beethoven, died in 1827 before he could finish the work. In fact, the composer only completed nine symphonies during his lifetime, which are now considered some of the most significant works in the classical music repertoire. There are a few incomplete works and sketches by Beethoven that have been referred to as a "10th Symphony" or "unfinished symphony," but these are not considered official numbered symphonies. The most well-known of these is the "Symphony No. 10 in E flat major," which consists of only a few pages of sketches and has never been performed in its incomplete form. It is worth noting that Beethoven's 9th Symphony, also known as the "Choral Symphony," is particularly famous for its use of voices in the final movement, which was a groundbreaking innovation at the time. The symphony includes the setting of Friedrich Schiller's poem "Ode to Joy," which has since become one of the most celebrated works in the choral music canon.	Answer #4 is excellent, but misses three things easily findable on the web: > * In its day, Brahms's symphony number 1 was called "Beethoven's 10th". > * Cooper's score [completing Beethoven's sketches for the first > movement] was first performed in 1988 by the Royal Philharmonic > Society, London, to whom Beethoven himself had offered the > new symphony. > * "Beethoven X: The AI Project" reconstructed a third and fourth > movement, which were premiered on 9 October 2021. There have also been novels in which Beethoven's 10th has been discovered, as well as an NPR story about it on April Fools Day 2012, and a play by Peter Ustinov, etc.
What is an optimystic?	5: I'm sorry, but "optimystic" is not a recognized word in the English language. It is possible that it could be a misspelling of "optimistic," which means having a positive outlook or expecting good outcomes. However, without additional context or information, it is difficult to provide a more specific answer.	Answer #5 also pretty good. (Again it begins with "I'm sorry".) But it should have conjectured a mystic who is an optimist.
Where and when will the sun be directly overhead in Japan on July 4?	6: To determine the location and time when the sun will be directly overhead in Japan on July 4, we need to know the latitude and longitude of Japan. Japan is located in the northern hemisphere, with a latitude range of about 24 degrees north to 46 degrees north and a longitude range of about 122 degrees east to 146 degrees east. Assuming we're looking for the sun's position at solar noon (when it's at its highest point in the sky), we can use an online solar calculator to determine the exact time and location. Using a solar calculator, we can determine that on July 4, 2023, the sun will be directly overhead at solar noon (12:00 pm local time) at a latitude of approximately 30.3 degrees north and a longitude of approximately 130.9 degrees east. This location is in the city of Kagoshima on the island of Kyushu in southern Japan.	Question #6 was the question my father asked to Weizenbaum's ELIZA program, in 1968, just before he took a trip to Japan. Dad was very disappointed when the computer responded "Why do you ask?" I don't remember enough physics to verify this answer. Dad wanted to take a picture of himself when there was absolutely no shadow. (And in fact he actually did.) My correspondent Peter Weigel reports as follows: "The answer of chatGPT is wrong. The city of Kagoshima is too far in the north (latitude 30.3 degrees according to chatGPT; other sources like Wikipedia say 31.5 degrees). In order for the sun to be in zenith the degree of latitude must be less than or equal to 23.5 (Tropic of Cancer). Therefore the zenith distance is about 8 degrees. A meter-long vertical stick produces a shadow of about 14cm on 21 June 2023, a bit longer on July 4. A better answer would have been the city of Naha on Okinawa (26.2 degrees), but also not perfect. The time 12:00pm is also wrong. ..." Residents of Kagoshima will be able to verify this answer (or not) in a few months.
Why did you say that?	7: I arrived at the answer using a solar calculator that uses astronomical algorithms and data to calculate the position of the sun at any given time and location on Earth. For this specific question, I used a solar calculator that takes into account the date, time, and location to determine when the sun is directly overhead. The calculator uses the Earth's rotation, the angle of the sun's rays, and other relevant factors to determine the precise location and time when the sun is directly overhead. Based on the information provided in the question about the date and location (Japan), I entered those parameters into the solar calculator and it provided me with the latitude and longitude coordinates where the sun will be directly overhead at solar noon on July 4, 2023.	In question #7 I was testing the ability to recognize pronouns and context and partial reference --- the machine had to understand what I meant by "you" and "that". It passed this test with flying colors, although not well edited (very repetitive).
Does Donald Trump eat betel nuts?	8: I do not have any specific information regarding Donald Trump's personal habits or dietary preferences, so I cannot say for certain whether he eats betel nuts or not. However, it is worth noting that betel nuts are a commonly consumed stimulant in many parts of Asia, including some regions of China and Southeast Asia, and are sometimes used for medicinal purposes. However, betel nuts have been linked to various health risks, including oral cancer and other health issues, and their use is generally not recommended.	Answer #8, bravo. (For instance it knows that Donald is "he", as well as generalizing from "eat" to "personal habits" and "dietary preferences".)
What themes are in Richard Rogers's Flower Drum Song ballet?	9: Richard Rodgers composed the music for the musical "Flower Drum Song," which premiered on Broadway in 1958. Although "Flower Drum Song" was adapted into a film and a stage production, there is no ballet version of the musical. However, if you're interested in themes present in "Flower Drum Song" the musical, it explores several themes related to the Chinese-American experience, including: Identity: The musical examines the challenges of balancing traditional Chinese values with American culture and ideals. The characters struggle with questions of identity and belonging, as they try to navigate their cultural heritage and their new home in America. Love and relationships: "Flower Drum Song" explores various relationships, including romantic relationships between the characters. The musical examines how cultural differences can create tensions in relationships, as well as how love and acceptance can transcend those differences. Generational differences: The musical portrays the generational divide between immigrant parents and their American-born children. The characters must navigate cultural differences and differing expectations for their lives and futures. Racism and discrimination: The musical touches on issues of racism and discrimination faced by Chinese immigrants and Chinese-Americans in America during the 1950s. Overall, "Flower Drum Song" explores complex themes related to culture, identity, and relationships, while also highlighting the experiences of Chinese immigrants and Chinese-Americans during a time of great social and cultural change.	Question #9 was misunderstood in several interesting ways. First, it doesn't know that the Rogers and Hammerstein musicals almost invariably featured a ballet; I wasn't asking about a ballet called Flower Drum Song, I was asking about the ballet in Flower Drum Song. Second, it didn't understand what I meant by "themes". The themes in that ballet are reprises of other tunes in the musical, like "You Are Beautiful" and "Grant Avenue". Third, the "themes" it did discuss are spot on, and they're organized beautifully in four parallel paragraphs. (The phrase "cultural differences" is repeated, but that's a minor nit.) Impressive the way it said "during the 1950s".
How many chapters are in The Haj by Leon Uris?	10: "The Haj" is a novel by Leon Uris that was first published in 1984. The novel consists of 51 chapters and an epilogue, and it is divided into three parts. Part one of the novel is titled "The Haj", and it consists of 18 chapters. Part two is titled "Exile", and it consists of 17 chapters. Part three is titled "Return", and it consists of 16 chapters. The epilogue is a single chapter that follows the conclusion of the story. Overall, "The Haj" is a sweeping historical novel that spans several decades and explores the complex political and cultural landscape of the Middle East. It tells the story of Haj Ibrahim al Soukori, a Palestinian Arab who witnesses the establishment of the state of Israel and the subsequent conflicts between Jews and Arabs.	Answer #10 reads as though it's the best answer yet. But it's almost totally wrong! The Haj consists of a "Prelude" and 77 chapters (no epilogue), and it is divided into four parts. Part one of the novel is titled "The Valley of Ayalon" and has 20 chapters. Part two is titled "The Scattering", and consists of 16 chapters. Part three, with 10 chapters, is titled "Qumran". Part four is titled "Jericho" and has 17 chapters. Finally, part five is titled "Nada" and has 14. It's amazing how the confident tone lends credibility to all of that made-up nonsense. Almost impossible for anybody without knowledge of the book to believe that those "facts" aren't authorititative and well researched. By the way, chat here uses the same template for the last paragraph as it used in #9.
Write a sonnet that is also a haiku.	11: A sonnet is a 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme, while a haiku is a three-line poem with a syllable count of 5-7-5. While it's not possible to write a sonnet that is also a haiku in the traditional sense, we can attempt to combine the two forms into a single poem. Here's my attempt: In fourteen lines, my thoughts do flow and pour Each syllable I choose with utmost care The rhythm sings as if a troubadour But in just three lines, nature does declare A haiku's power, simplicity and grace It captures beauty beyond compare Thus, let me strive for both, in this small space A sonnet with the haiku's soul imbued A marriage of forms, a sweet embrace So here it is, in fullness and in mood A sonnet-haiku, a fusion of the best Two forms that sing, with power to infuse.	#11, whoa! Most of the lines scan beautifully! And there's a captivating progression of ideas and emotions. Of course this is not a sonnet, nor does it contain any examples of haiku. But to form the compound word "sonnet-haiku" in response to my query is brilliant.
Write a sentence that contains only 5-letter words.	12: Silly jokes told with mirth bring mirthful grins.	#12, Five out of eight words is better than most people can do. And this sentence actually makes sense. Way better than I expected, although failing to do what I asked.
Write an essay without using the word "the".	13: Language is a remarkable tool that allows us to communicate ideas and express our thoughts. It is an ever-evolving system that is constantly changing as we adapt to new situations and experiences. Without language, we would be unable to communicate with one another, and our ability to work together and build civilizations would be severely limited. One of the most fascinating aspects of language is its ability to convey meaning through the use of words. Words are the building blocks of language, and each word has its own unique meaning that can be combined with other words to create complex ideas and concepts. The sheer number of words in the English language is staggering, with estimates ranging from 170,000 to over 600,000. However, while words are undoubtedly essential for communication, they are not the only way we convey meaning. Body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice all play important roles in how we communicate with others. Even the absence of words can sometimes speak volumes, as silence can be just as powerful as speech. Despite the vast array of tools at our disposal for communication, misunderstandings can still occur. This is because language is not always straightforward, and different people can interpret the same words or phrases in very different ways. This is particularly true when it comes to idioms and other expressions that have a cultural or regional significance. The importance of language cannot be overstated, as it is essential for virtually every aspect of our lives. From communicating with our loved ones to advancing our careers and engaging in political discourse, language plays a vital role in shaping our worldviews and shaping the world around us. As such, it is essential that we continue to study and explore language in all its complexities and nuances, so that we can continue to build a better world for ourselves and future generations.	#13, The first paragraph was fine, again commendable. But the other paragraphs egregiously and unforgivably disobey my rule.
Use bad grammar three times in a single sentence.	14: Me and him is gonna goes to the store, then we is gonna buys some candy and chips for us.	#14. Bravo for being able to overcome its own censors.
Devise a recipe that uses blueberries, granola, and wonton skin.	15: Blueberry Granola Wonton Cups Recipe: Ingredients: 24 wonton skins 1 cup fresh blueberries 1/2 cup granola 1/4 cup honey 1/4 cup cream cheese 2 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted Cooking spray Directions: Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Spray a muffin tin with cooking spray. Press wonton skins into muffin cups, forming a cup shape. Brush the wonton skins with melted butter. Bake the wonton skins for 5-7 minutes or until lightly golden brown. Remove from oven and let cool. In a medium-sized bowl, mix together the cream cheese and honey until smooth. Fill each wonton cup with a spoonful of the cream cheese mixture. Top the cream cheese mixture with fresh blueberries and granola. Bake for an additional 5-7 minutes, or until the granola is lightly toasted. Remove from oven and let cool for a few minutes before serving. These Blueberry Granola Wonton Cups are a tasty and creative way to enjoy a sweet treat or a quick breakfast on the go. The crispy wonton cups provide a perfect crunch to the creamy filling and the juicy blueberries, while the granola adds a nice crunch and a touch of sweetness. Enjoy!	#15. Do we dare try this? Clearly chatGPT has a great understanding of this particular literary genre, as well as of completely different genres such as the other examples above and the computer coding that you showed me yesterday. I believe "wonton skin" is more correct than "wonton skins".
What did Winston Churchill think of Alan Turing?	16: There is no definitive answer to what Winston Churchill thought of Alan Turing, as the two men did not have a close personal or professional relationship. However, Churchill was aware of Turing's contributions to the war effort during World War II. Turing was a mathematician and computer scientist who played a key role in breaking German codes during the war. His work on the Enigma machine, which was used by the Germans to encrypt their military communications, is widely credited with helping the Allies to win the war. Churchill was reportedly briefed on the progress of the code-breaking efforts at Bletchley Park, where Turing worked, and was impressed by the results. In a letter to his War Cabinet in 1941, Churchill wrote that the work being done at Bletchley Park was "the secret weapon that will win the war". However, Churchill did not specifically mention Turing in this letter, and there is no record of him expressing a personal opinion of Turing. It is worth noting that at the time, Turing's homosexuality was considered a criminal offense in the UK, and it is possible that Churchill, like many others at the time, held homophobic attitudes that would have colored his opinion of Turing.	#16. Another mission apparently well accomplished yet fake. I believe the so-called letter in 1941 from Churchill is a total fabrication. On the contrary, it's well documented that Churchill was introduced to Turing during a visit to Bletchley Park in September 1941 and that Turing (with three others) wrote to him in October of that year. I agree that I know of no evidence to support any claim that Churchill specifically liked or disliked or even remembered Turing. I just saw a Washington Post story dated Wednesday, "ChatGPT invented a sexual harassment scandal and named a real law prof as the accused", which says this (among other things): > The chatbot, created by OpenAI, said Turley had made sexually suggestive > comments and attempted to touch a student while on a class trip to Alaska, > citing a March 2018 article in The Washington Post as the source of the > information. The problem: No such article existed. There had never been a > class trip to Alaska. And Turley said he’d never been accused of harassing > a student. How does one train an AI to make up such convincing lies?
Ask a question using Conan Doyle's dancing men font.	17: Unfortunately, as an AI language model, I am not able to generate text in the font of Conan Doyle's Dancing Men. However, I can provide you with a question that is related to the code-breaking theme of the Dancing Men cipher. What is the probability of correctly guessing a message encrypted using the Caesar cipher with a shift of 13, assuming that the message is written in English?	#17. Weak, but it did seem to understand what I meant by using a font, and it found a relation to ciphers. Interesting that it replied with a question, although that question is meaningless.
Will the NASDAQ rise on Saturday?	18: As an AI language model, I do not have access to real-time information or prediction capabilities that would enable me to answer your question with certainty. Stock market movements are influenced by a complex set of factors, including economic indicators, political events, company earnings reports, and more. Therefore, it is difficult to predict whether the NASDAQ will rise on Saturday or not. It is important to note that past performance is not always indicative of future results, and investing in the stock market carries risks. It is recommended to consult with a financial advisor before making any investment decisions.	#18. Bad. It doesn't know that stock markets are closed on Saturday.
What is the most beautiful algorithm?	19: As an AI language model, I don't have personal preferences or emotions like humans do, so I cannot say which algorithm is the "most beautiful" from a subjective standpoint. However, there are some algorithms that are widely admired for their elegance, efficiency, and effectiveness. One such algorithm is the Quicksort algorithm, which is used for sorting data in computer science. Quicksort is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that works by selecting a "pivot" element from the array and partitioning the other elements into two sub-arrays, according to whether they are less than or greater than the pivot. The sub-arrays are then recursively sorted. Quicksort has an average time complexity of O(n log n), making it one of the most efficient sorting algorithms available. The algorithm is also appreciated for its simplicity and versatility. It can be implemented using a small amount of code and can be adapted to work with a variety of data structures, such as linked lists and arrays.	#!9. OK; but "used for sorting data in computer science"? "Elegance, efficiency, and effectiveness" is marvelous rhetoric. But Quicksort on linked lists is dumb.
What is the most ugly algorithm?	20: As an AI language model, I don't have the ability to perceive beauty or ugliness in algorithms, as these are subjective human concepts. However, there are some algorithms that are considered inefficient, difficult to implement, or hard to understand, which may be perceived as "ugly" by some people. One example of an algorithm that is often criticized for its complexity and inefficiency is the brute force algorithm for finding prime numbers. The brute force algorithm involves checking each number in turn to see if it is divisible by any number other than itself and 1. While this algorithm will correctly identify prime numbers, it is very slow for large numbers, as it requires checking all potential factors up to the square root of the number being tested. In contrast, there are more efficient algorithms for finding prime numbers, such as the Sieve of Eratosthenes or the Miller-Rabin primality test, which are faster and more scalable for larger numbers.	#20. Another great example of surface-only understanding of buzzwords. Are we trying to generate all prime numbers, or to test a number for primality?