Useful commands for Linux and macOS

commands.md

Commands

commands_01.md

rsync

For all the examples below, asume there exist src (source) and dest (destination) folders.

Example 1

rsync --recursive --delete src dest

--delete: to delete files/folders which exist in dest/ but don't exist in src/

Example 2

rsync --recursive --delete src/ dest

Same as 1 but without creating dest/src/ folder (just copying src content to dest):

Example 3

$ rsync -aP --delete src/ dest

-a: archive mode, which is necessary for rsync to identify modified files requiring copying.

-P: show progress.

Example 4

Over SSH and using custom keys ($HOME/.ssh/somekey):

rsync -Pav -e "ssh -i $HOME/.ssh/somekey" username@hostname:/from/dir/ /to/dir/

-P: show progress.

-v: verbosity.

Example 5

rsync --recursive \
  --progress \
  --archive \
  --exclude-from=.gitignore \
  --exclude=.git \
  --exclude=.gitignore \
   folder user@ipaddress:~/dest/

Similar to previous examples to copy over SSH.

--exclude-from: receives a file path with a format similar to CVS ignore files, such as the .gitignore file in Git, to indicate which files and directories should be excluded.

--exclude: indicates a folder or file to exclude.

More information

• Specify identity file (id_rsa) with rsync
• Rsync man

commands_02.md

date

Get an UTC date in ISO format :

date -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"