- https://www.vim.org/
- https://realpython.com/vim-and-python-a-match-made-in-heaven/
- https://dougblack.io/words/a-good-vimrc.html
- https://github.com/vim/vim
- https://github.com/vim-scripts/pyfold
- https://github.com/fatih/vim-go
- https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim
- http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/vim.html
- http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/intro.html#book
- https://www.linux.com/learn/vim-101-beginners-guide-vim
$ vim [options] [file ..]From the man page, in order of usefulness. These should be all that you need:
+[num] For the first file the cursor will be positioned on line "num".
If "num" is missing, the cursor will be positioned on the last line.
-o[N] Open N windows stacked. When N is omitted, open one window for each file.
-O[N] Open N windows side by side (columns). When N is omitted, open one window for each file.
Example: `vim -O2`
-p[N] Open N tab pages. When N is omitted, open one tab page for each file.
--help Give a help message and exit, just like "-h".
-r List swap files, with information about using them for recovery.
-r {file} Recovery mode. The swap file is used to recover a crashed editing session.
The swap file is a file with the same filename as the text file with
".swp" appended. See ":help recovery".
+/{pat} For the first file the cursor will be positioned in the line with the first occurrence of {pat}.
See ":help search-pattern" for the available search patterns.
--version Print version information and exit.
Vim is a model editor, behaving differently depending on which mode you are in.
- Normal (command) mode: bottom of screen displays file name or is blank. You use ex-style commands (prefaced with colon
:) from here. - Insert mode. Bottom of screen displays
--INSERT--. - Visual mode. Bottom of screen displays
--VISUAL--.
To enter insert mode, type i. To exit, press .
~/.vimrc is for your personal Vim initializations.
" .vimrc, Vim configuration file
" This is a comment
" If no file type, default to "python"
autocmd BufEnter * if &filetype == "" | setlocal ft=python | endif
set nocompatible " required by Vundle
filetype off " required by Vundle
:set background=dark
:set backspace=indent,eol,start
:set autoindent
:set autowrite
:set hlsearch
:set incsearch
:set number
:set ruler
:set shiftwidth=4
:set smarttab
:set softtabstop=0
:set expandtab
:set textwidth=0
:set tabstop=8
:syntax on
k is up, h is left, l si right, j is down:
k
h l
j
Mnemonic: j key looks like down arrow.
The general syntax of commands is [number]command[motion].
You can optionally precede all movement commands with a number.
Examples:
9ddto delete 9 lines5oto insert 5 lines5fxto move up 5 occurrences of "x"d3wdeletes 3 words
For example, add three exclamation points after the cursor with 3a!.
For commands like yw (yank/copy one word) and c$ (delete from cursor to end of line), the first character is the command, and the second is the motion.
General commands:
Insertion, deletion, copying & pasting:
i enter insert mode. will insert text *before* the character under cursor
a enter insert mode, but will insert text *after* character under cursor
x delete character under cursor
O insert line *above* the cursor, then enter insert mode
o insert line *below* the cursor, then enter insert mode
d{motion} delete. doesn't enter insert mode after
dd delete current line
dw delete current word
p put previously deleted text after the cursor. (like paste)
yw yank (copy) one word
c{motion} change text. like d{motion}, but puts you in insert mode after
c$ delete from cursor to end of line
cw delete from cursor to end of word, then enter insert word
r{x} replace single character under the cursor with character {x}
. repeat last change or delete command
Undoing and redoing:
u undo last edit
<Ctrl> + R redo
U undo whole line. undoes all the changes made on the last line that was edited
Searching:
/{phrase} search forward for {phrase}. to get rid of the highlights, use `:noh`
?{phrase} search backwards for {phrase}
n get next search result
N get previous search result
Other:
ZZ write and exit. note the Z's are capitalized
~ change current character's case. can be used with a count (like everything else)
> indents selected lines by one "shift width."
amount of whitespace is set with the `:set shiftwidth` option
< de-dents selected lines by one "shift width."
J join next line with current one
v visual mode (highlight text with cursor keys)
<Ctrl> + G show file status and your location in the file
Movement motions (all of these can take optional numeric arguments):
w start of next word (2w, 3w, 4w)
e end of current word (2e, 3e, 4e)
b start of previous word
$ end of line. 2$: end of next line, etc
0 start of line
^ first non-blank character of the line
gg go to top of file
G go to bottom of file
<Ctrl> + U scrolls up half a screen of text
<Ctrl> + D scrolls you down half a screen
% jump cursor to a matching ), ], or }
f{c} move to the next occurence of character c on current line.
for example, if you are at start of the line "Searching Along a Single Line,"
fS will move to the S in "Single"
this cmd is case sensitive
Any command that begins with a colon : is considered an ex-style command.
All of these must be finished by pressing .
:q exit Vim
:q! exit and discard changes without writing/saving
:qa! exit/discard *all* changes. this is for multiple tabs/windows/buffers
:wq [filename] write (save) file and exit
:{number} go to a line number (or, use `{number}G`)
:set {option} set an option i.e. :set ic. See "setting options" section
:shell takes you to the shell temporarily. you can exit back to Vim with `exit` (from shell)
:!`cmd` execute the external shell command `cmd`. example: :!ls
:s/old/new substitute first occurrence of `new` for `old` in current line
:s/old/new/g substitute all occurrences of `new` for `old` in current line
:%s/old/new/g substitute all occurrences of `new` for `old` in entire file
:%s/old/new/gc find every occurrence in the whole file, with a prompt whether to substitute or not
:e {file} edit file
:r {file} read file
:!rm {file} remove file
:next change files, allowing you to edit the next file
:previous like next, but move back
:wnext like :w plus :next, combined as one command
:args displays the list of the files currently being edited
:split [file] split vertical. by default, opens the same file in two windows
:new like split, but open up new file
:syntax [on|off] syntax highlighting
:noh clear current highlighting
:digraphs show currently defined digraphs.
digraphs are used to enter characters that normally cannot be entered by an ordinary keyboard.
these are mostly printable non-ASCII characters.
For help:
:help set
General/meta options:
:set show all options that differ from their default value
:set all show all but terminal options
:se[t] {option}? show value of {option}
:se[t] {option} for "toggle" options, switch it on. for anything else, shows the value
:se[t] no{option} for "toggle" options: reset/switch it off
:se[t] {option}& reset option to its default value
:se[t] all& set all options to their default value
:se[t] {option}={val} set string or number option to {value}
Specific options listed below.
Toggle options (optionally preface the "positive" form with no i.e. ic or noic):
:set [no]ic ignore case in global search patterns
:set [no]number turn line numbering on
:set [no]paste put Vim in Paste mode. This is useful if you want to cut or copy
some text from one window and paste it in Vim.
:set [no]autowrite
:set [no]incsearch incremental search. search as characters are entered
:set [no]hlsearch turn highlighting on in search. highlight matches
:set [no]autoindent
:set [no]smarttab if on: tabs inserted at the beginning of a line are treated like soft tabs of size 'shiftwidth'
:set [no]expandtab
:set [no]ruler show line and column number of cursor position, separated by comma
Numeric options:
:set shiftwidth defaults to 'tabstop'
:set tabstop number of spaces that a <Tab> in the file counts for
:set sotftabstop
:set scroll number of lines to scroll with <CTRL> + U and <CTRL> + D commands
:set textwidth maximum width of text. a longer line will be broken after white space to
get this width. A zero value disables this.
set to 0 when the 'paste' option is set and restored when 'paste' is reset
:set colorcolumn set a line-length colored column marker
String options:
:set syntax
:set background
:set filetype
:set helplang
Vundle is a popular Vim package manager.
To install:
$ git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vimMake sure that ~/.vimrc has these bare minimums:
set nocompatible
filetype off
" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins
"call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')
" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
"
" Specify plugins here
"
" All of your Plugins must be added before the following line
call vundle#end() " required
filetype plugin indent on " required
Launch Vim and run :PluginInstall.
For some examples, see here.
To install a new plugin (such as YouCompleteMe for code completion:
- Add it to
~/.vimrc, i.e.Bundle 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe' - Launch Vim, then run
:PluginInstall.
The package will be downloaded to ~/.vim/bundle/.
To check that your Vim install supports Python, see vim --version | grep "[+-]python". If python or python3 has a plus-symbol next to it, it is supported.
To see which specific version of Python Vim is using, enter vim and then, in Vim, use:
:python3 import sys; print(sys.version)Stack Overflow: In Vim how do I effectively insert the same characters across multiple lines?.
You have the following:
a = (1, 2, 3)
b = (4, 5, 6)
c = (7, 8, 9)
And want:
a = list((1, 2, 3))
b = list((4, 5, 6))
c = list((7, 8, 9))
How to:
- Move cursor to the
a - Enter visual block mode with
<Ctrl> + v - Press
j(down) three times - Press
I - Type the text
- Press
<Esc>
Example matches
------- -------
ab\{2,3}c "abbc" or "abbbc"
a\{5} "aaaaa"
ab\{2,}c "abbc", "abbbc", "abbbbc", etc.
ab\{,3}c "ac", "abc", "abbc" or "abbbc"
a[bc]\{3}d "abbbd", "abbcd", "acbcd", "acccd", etc.
a\(bc\)\{1,2}d "abcd" or "abcbcd"
a[bc]\{-}[cd] "abc" in "abcd"
a[bc]*[cd] "abcd" in "abcd"