call Azure ARM REST API sample (for .NET Framework)

program.cs

using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Security.Cryptography;  //add System.Security.Cryptography.ProtectedData nuget package
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        private const string ARMClientID = "1950a258-227b-4e31-a9cf-717495945fc2"; // <- this is Azure PowerShell client id
        private const string AppRedirectUrl = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob"; // <- this is Azure PowerShell redirect url

        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            var authContextURL = "https://login.windows.net/common/";
            var authenticationContext = new AuthenticationContext(authContextURL, new FileCache());
            var token = await authenticationContext.AcquireTokenAsync(
                resource: "https://management.azure.com/", 
                clientId: ARMClientID,
                redirectUri: new Uri(AppRedirectUrl), 
                parameters: new PlatformParameters(PromptBehavior.Auto));

            // call to Azure ARM REST API using user token

            var req = new HttpRequestMessage()
            {
                Method = HttpMethod.Get,
                RequestUri = new Uri("https://management.azure.com/providers/Microsoft.Features/operations?api-version=2015-12-01")
            };
            req.Headers.Add("Authorization", token.CreateAuthorizationHeader());
            var client = new HttpClient();
            var res = await client.SendAsync(req);

            Console.WriteLine("-----------------------");
            Console.WriteLine(res.StatusCode);
            var body = await res.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
            Console.WriteLine(body);

            Console.WriteLine("Hit any key.");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

    // see also : https://github.com/Azure-Samples/active-directory-dotnet-native-headless/tree/master/TodoListClient

    public class FileCache : TokenCache
    {
        public string CacheFilePath;
        private static readonly object FileLock = new object();

        // Initializes the cache against a local file.
        // If the file is already present, it loads its content in the ADAL cache
        public FileCache(string filePath = @".\TokenCache.dat")
        {
            CacheFilePath = filePath;
            this.AfterAccess = AfterAccessNotification;
            this.BeforeAccess = BeforeAccessNotification;
            lock (FileLock)
            {
                this.Deserialize(File.Exists(CacheFilePath) ? ProtectedData.Unprotect(File.ReadAllBytes(CacheFilePath), null, DataProtectionScope.CurrentUser) : null);
            }
        }

        // Empties the persistent store.
        public override void Clear()
        {
            base.Clear();
            File.Delete(CacheFilePath);
        }

        // Triggered right before ADAL needs to access the cache.
        // Reload the cache from the persistent store in case it changed since the last access.
        void BeforeAccessNotification(TokenCacheNotificationArgs args)
        {
            lock (FileLock)
            {
                this.Deserialize(File.Exists(CacheFilePath) ? ProtectedData.Unprotect(File.ReadAllBytes(CacheFilePath), null, DataProtectionScope.CurrentUser) : null);
            }
        }

        // Triggered right after ADAL accessed the cache.
        void AfterAccessNotification(TokenCacheNotificationArgs args)
        {
            // if the access operation resulted in a cache update
            if (this.HasStateChanged)
            {
                lock (FileLock)
                {
                    // reflect changes in the persistent store
                    File.WriteAllBytes(CacheFilePath, ProtectedData.Protect(this.Serialize(), null, DataProtectionScope.CurrentUser));
                    // once the write operation took place, restore the HasStateChanged bit to false
                    this.HasStateChanged = false;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}