cetinajero/1-network-tools.md

## 1-network-tools.md

      
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              1-network-tools.md
            
          
    SSH Port Forwarding

SSH Port Forwarding, aka SSH Tunneling.
Local Forwarding

Local forwarding is used to forward a port from the client machine to the server machine. Basically, the SSH client listens for connections on a configured port, and when it receives a connection, it tunnels the connection to an SSH server. The server connects to a configurated destination port, possibly on a different machine than the SSH server.
ssh -L <local-listening-port>:<remote-destination-host>:<remote-destination-port> <ssh-server>

ssh -L 4000:172.31.29.64:8080 asterisk.grupopv.mx
Remote Forwarding

This allows anyone on the remote server to connect to TCP port 8080 on the remote server. The connection will then be tunneled back to the client host, and the client then makes a TCP connection to port 80 on localhost. Any other host name or IP address could be used instead of localhost to specify the host to connect to.
Commonly used for opening backdoors into an enterprise.
ssh -R <remote-listening-port>:<local-destination-host>:<local-destination-port> <ssh-server>

ssh -R 4000:192.168.1.254:80 asterisk.grupopv.mx
Internet speedtest

Using Ookla and Python: github.com/sivel/speedtest-cli
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Kerybas/speedtest-cli/master/speedtest.py | python -

Using curl and ash: github.com/cetinajero/curl-speedtest
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cetinajero/curl-speedtest/master/speedtest.sh | sh -

Iperf 2

A network traffic tool for measuring TCP and UDP performance with metrics around both throughput and latency.
Options


Option
Description


-s
Run server


-c server
Run client


-u, --udp
Use UDP rather than TCP


-b, --bandwidth n[kmgKMG]
Set target read rate to n bits/sec. TCP only for the server


-i, --interval n
Pause n seconds between periodic bandwidth reports


-t, --time n
Time in seconds to listen for new traffic connections, receive traffic or transmit traffic


-p, --port n
Set server port to listen on/connect to to n (default 5001)


-d, --dualtest
Do a bidirectional test simultaneously


TCP examples

TCP server
iperf -s
TCP client
iperf -c 192.168.1.1 -i1 -t60
iperf -c iperf.he.net -i1 -t60
UDP examples

UDP server
iperf -s -i1 -u
UDP client
iperf -c 192.168.1.1 -i1 -t60 -u -b 1000M
iperf -c iperf.he.net -i1 -t60 -u -b 1000M
Network monitor

MTR combines the functionality of the 'traceroute' and 'ping' programs in a single network diagnostic tool.
MTR with options:

IPv4
Show IPs
CSV
Count 500

sudo mtr -4bCc 500 fg.mex.grupopv.mx > mtr.csv
MTR with variables:

TERM=vt220 | Avoid cleaning the screen after quit

TERM=vt220 sudo mtr -4bc 500 fg.mex.grupopv.mx
Enable ICMP on Windows

Run:
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="ICMP Allow incoming V4 echo request" protocol=icmpv4:8,any dir=in action=allow
List of interface bandwidths


Technology
Nominal (Bits/s)
Nominal (Bytes/s)
Real
Year


Modem 14.4k (V.32)
14.4 kb
1.8 kB

1991


Modem 28.8k (V.34)
28.8 kb
3.6 kB

1994


Modem 56k (V.90)
56.0 kb
7 kB

1998


Bluetooth 1.1
1 Mb
125 kB

2002


CD Controller (1×)
1.171 Mb
146 kB

1988


USB 1.0
1.536 Mb
192 kB

1996


E1
2.048 Mb
256kB


Bluetooth 2.0+EDR
3 Mb
375 kB

2004


Ethernet (10BASE-X)
10 Mb
1.25 MB

1980


IEEE 802.11b
11 Mb
1.375 MB

1999


DVD Controller (1×)
11.1 Mb
1.32 MB

1996


USB 1.1
12 Mb
1.5 MB

1996


Bluetooth 3.0
25 Mb
3.125 MB

2009


Bluetooth 4.0
25 Mb
3.125 MB

2010


Bluetooth 5.0
50 Mb
6.25 MB

2016


IEEE 802.11a
54 Mb
6.75 MB

1999


IEEE 802.11g
54 Mb
6.75 MB

2003


Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X)
100 Mb
12.5 MB

1995


USB 2.0 high speed
480 Mb
60 MB

2000


IEEE 802.11n (aka Wi-Fi 4)
600 Mb
75 MB

2009


Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X)
1 Gb
125 MB

1998


PCI 32-bit/33 MHz
1.067 Gb
133.33 MB

1993


PCI 64-bit/33 MHz
2.133 Gb
266.66 MB

1993


PCI 32-bit/66 MHz
2.133 Gb
266.66 MB

1995


PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)
2.5 Gb
312.5 MB

2004


2.5 Gigabit Ethernet (2.5GBASE-T)
2.5 Gb
312.5 MB

2016


PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)
5 Gb
625 MB

2007


PCI Express 1.0 (×2 link)
5 Gb
625 MB

2011


USB 3.0 SuperSpeed (aka USB 3.1 Gen 1)
5 Gb
625 MB

2010


5 Gigabit Ethernet (5GBASE-T)
5 Gb
625 MB

2016


IEEE 802.11ac (aka Wi-Fi 5)
6.93 Gb
866.25 MB

2012


PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)
8 Gb
984.6 MB

2011


10 Gigabit Ethernet
9.953 Gb
1.244125 GB

2002


USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.1 Gen 2)
10 Gb
1.250 GB

2013


IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6)
11 Gb
1.375 GB

2019


Thunderbolt
20 Gb
2.5 GB

2011


Thunderbolt 2
20 Gb
2.5 GB

2013


USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.2 Gen 2×2)
20 Gb
2.5 GB

2017


25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GBASE-X)
25 Gb
3.125 GB

2016


Thunderbolt 3 two links
40 Gb
5 GB

2015


USB 4
40 Gb
5 GB

2019


PCI Express 1.0 (×32 link)
80 Gb
8 GB

2011


PCI Express 2.0 (×32 link)
160 Gb
16 GB

2007


PCI Express 3.0 (×32 link)
256 Gb
31.51 GB

2011


PCI Express 4.0 (×16 link)
256 Gb
31.51 GB

2018


PCI Express 5.0 (×16 link)
512 Gb
63.02 GB

2019


## iperf.sh
#!/bin/bash

test_upstream() {
  echo -e "\nRun: \`iperf -s -i 1 -p 4000\` at the server side\n"
  iperf -c 172.31.31.64 -i 1 -p 4000 -t 60
}

test_downstream() {
  echo -e "\nRun: \`iperf -c 172.31.35.42 -i 1 -p 8080 -t 60\` at the server side\n"
  iperf -s -i 1 -p 8080
}

case "$1" in
  "-u")
    test_upstream
    ;;
  "--up")
    test_upstream
    ;;
  "-d")
    test_downstream
    ;;
  "--down")
    test_downstream
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: iperf.sh [--up|--down]"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac
Option	Description
-s	Run server
-c server	Run client
-u, --udp	Use UDP rather than TCP
-b, --bandwidth n[kmgKMG]	Set target read rate to n bits/sec. TCP only for the server
-i, --interval n	Pause n seconds between periodic bandwidth reports
-t, --time n	Time in seconds to listen for new traffic connections, receive traffic or transmit traffic
-p, --port n	Set server port to listen on/connect to to n (default 5001)
-d, --dualtest	Do a bidirectional test simultaneously
Technology	Nominal (Bits/s)	Nominal (Bytes/s)	Year
Modem 14.4k (V.32)	14.4 kb	1.8 kB	1991
Modem 28.8k (V.34)	28.8 kb	3.6 kB	1994
Modem 56k (V.90)	56.0 kb	7 kB	1998
Bluetooth 1.1	1 Mb	125 kB	2002
CD Controller (1×)	1.171 Mb	146 kB	1988
USB 1.0	1.536 Mb	192 kB	1996
E1	2.048 Mb	256kB
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR	3 Mb	375 kB	2004
Ethernet (10BASE-X)	10 Mb	1.25 MB	1980
IEEE 802.11b	11 Mb	1.375 MB	1999
DVD Controller (1×)	11.1 Mb	1.32 MB	1996
USB 1.1	12 Mb	1.5 MB	1996
Bluetooth 3.0	25 Mb	3.125 MB	2009
Bluetooth 4.0	25 Mb	3.125 MB	2010
Bluetooth 5.0	50 Mb	6.25 MB	2016
IEEE 802.11a	54 Mb	6.75 MB	1999
IEEE 802.11g	54 Mb	6.75 MB	2003
Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X)	100 Mb	12.5 MB	1995
USB 2.0 high speed	480 Mb	60 MB	2000
IEEE 802.11n (aka Wi-Fi 4)	600 Mb	75 MB	2009
Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X)	1 Gb	125 MB	1998
PCI 32-bit/33 MHz	1.067 Gb	133.33 MB	1993
PCI 64-bit/33 MHz	2.133 Gb	266.66 MB	1993
PCI 32-bit/66 MHz	2.133 Gb	266.66 MB	1995
PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)	2.5 Gb	312.5 MB	2004
2.5 Gigabit Ethernet (2.5GBASE-T)	2.5 Gb	312.5 MB	2016
PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)	5 Gb	625 MB	2007
PCI Express 1.0 (×2 link)	5 Gb	625 MB	2011
USB 3.0 SuperSpeed (aka USB 3.1 Gen 1)	5 Gb	625 MB	2010
5 Gigabit Ethernet (5GBASE-T)	5 Gb	625 MB	2016
IEEE 802.11ac (aka Wi-Fi 5)	6.93 Gb	866.25 MB	2012
PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)	8 Gb	984.6 MB	2011
10 Gigabit Ethernet	9.953 Gb	1.244125 GB	2002
USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.1 Gen 2)	10 Gb	1.250 GB	2013
IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6)	11 Gb	1.375 GB	2019
Thunderbolt	20 Gb	2.5 GB	2011
Thunderbolt 2	20 Gb	2.5 GB	2013
USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.2 Gen 2×2)	20 Gb	2.5 GB	2017
25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GBASE-X)	25 Gb	3.125 GB	2016
Thunderbolt 3 two links	40 Gb	5 GB	2015
USB 4	40 Gb	5 GB	2019
PCI Express 1.0 (×32 link)	80 Gb	8 GB	2011
PCI Express 2.0 (×32 link)	160 Gb	16 GB	2007
PCI Express 3.0 (×32 link)	256 Gb	31.51 GB	2011
PCI Express 4.0 (×16 link)	256 Gb	31.51 GB	2018
PCI Express 5.0 (×16 link)	512 Gb	63.02 GB	2019
	#!/bin/bash

	test_upstream() {
	echo -e "\nRun: \`iperf -s -i 1 -p 4000\` at the server side\n"
	iperf -c 172.31.31.64 -i 1 -p 4000 -t 60
	}

	test_downstream() {
	echo -e "\nRun: \`iperf -c 172.31.35.42 -i 1 -p 8080 -t 60\` at the server side\n"
	iperf -s -i 1 -p 8080
	}

	case "$1" in
	"-u")
	test_upstream
	;;
	"--up")
	test_upstream
	;;
	"-d")
	test_downstream
	;;
	"--down")
	test_downstream
	;;
	*)
	echo "Usage: iperf.sh [--up\|--down]"
	exit 1
	;;
	esac