byatc.srt

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大家好  我是 Jay
Hi, I’m Jay.

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我是 Stav
And I’m Stav.

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我们都是 Android Auto 团队的工程师
We're both engineers on the Android Auto team,

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今天我们将讨论如何使用 Car App Library
and today we'll be talking about bringing your apps to cars

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将您的应用部署到汽车上
using the Car App Library.

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说到汽车应用  实际上需分两种情况
When we talk about apps for cars, we’re really talking about two things.

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首先  用户可以通过 Android Auto 应用
The first is Android Auto, which enables users

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将自己的 Android 手机连接到兼容的车辆
to connect their Android phones to compatible vehicles

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然后直接在车载显示屏上使用喜欢的应用和服务
and use their favorite apps and services right on the car’s display.

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其次是 Android Automotive OS  这是一个直接在汽车上运行的 Android 系统
The second is Android Automotive OS, where Android runs directly on the car,

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为车载信息娱乐系统提供支持
powering the in-car infotainment system

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同时让驾驶员无需互联设备
as well as giving drivers access to their favorite apps

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即可访问自己喜欢的应用
without a connected device.

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最后  如果上述两种方式都不可行的话
And lastly, for Android users without a compatible car,

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我们还提供了 Google 助理驾驶模式  但今天暂不讨论这个话题
we offer Google Assistant driving mode, but we won’t be focusing on that today.

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Android Auto 的发展势头依然强劲
Android Auto continues to see strong momentum.

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目前  全球 1 亿多辆汽车都搭载该系统
It's now available in more than 100 million cars globally,

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得到几乎所有主要汽车制造商的支持
with support from nearly every major car manufacturer.

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Android Automotive OS 也受到极大的关注
Android Automotive OS is seeing great traction as well.

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到 2021 年底  沃尔沃通用汽车和雷诺的 10 多款车型
By the end of 2021, Automotive OS with Google built-in

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都会搭载内置了 Google 服务的 Automotive OS
will be available in more than 10 car models from Volvo, General Motors, and Renault,

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我们也与福特和本田达成合作
and we recently announced partnerships with Ford and Honda

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今后会有数百万辆汽车搭载该系统
to bring this experience to millions of future vehicles.

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这些不断发展的平台
These growing platforms represent

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为开发者提供了绝佳机会
an amazing opportunity for you as a developer,

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这正是 Car App Library 的用武之地
and that’s where the Car App Library comes in.

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通过使用 Car App Library  您只需编写一次代码
The Car App Library allows you to write your code once

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便可构建同时兼容 Android Auto 和
and make your app available across both Android Auto

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Android Automotive OS 的应用
and Android Automotive OS.

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设计界面时我们考虑到了驾驶员的安全
The interface is designed with driver safety in mind,

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因此  您无需精通驾驶员安全相关知识
which in turn helps you build apps that are safer

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也可以设计出有利于驾驶员安全的应用
without needing to become an expert on driver safety.

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语音是汽车输入的重要形式
Voice is an important form of input in cars,

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使用 Car App Library 构建的应用
so apps built with the Car App Library

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可以与语音助理无缝集成
enable you to have seamless integrations with voice assistants.

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1.1.0 版本现处于 Beta 阶段
And version 1.1.0 is now in beta,

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您可以使用最新的 API 发布应用
which means you can go to production with the most up-to-date APIs.

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在开始之前  务必注意
Before we jump in, it’s important to note

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使用手机时可以完全访问屏幕
that unlike phones, where you get full access to the screen,

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与之不同的是在汽车中我们提供了预定义的模板
in cars, we are providing you with pre-defined templates

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这些模板是出于驾驶员安全考虑而精心设计的
that were carefully built with driver safety considerations.

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我们根据应用类别
Our approach is to expose relevant templates to you

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提供相关模板
according to your app’s category,

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并逐渐构建一个内聚的库便于您按照自己的构想进行实现
and over time, build a cohesive library that allows you to build what you want.

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我们从导航  停车和充电应用开始
We are starting this journey with navigation, parking, and charging apps.

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即时通讯和媒体应用沿用现有的 Android API
Messaging and media apps should keep using existing Android APIs.

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如果您有兴趣将您的应用部署到汽车
If you're interested in bringing your apps to cars

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但应用却不属于上述任何类别的话  请与我们联系
but don’t fall into any of these categories, please reach out to us and let us know

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并描述您希望将来在 Car App Library 中看到的功能
what you’d like to see in the Car App Library in the future.

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现在我们已了解 Car App Library 可以提供的功能
Now that we know what the Car App Library can offer you,

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我们来看看它的架构吧
let’s have a look at the architecture.

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在车内启动应用时
When your app is launched in the car,

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搭载 Android Auto 或 Automotive OS 的主机应用
a host application running on either Android Auto or Automotive OS

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会连接到需要扩展的 CarAppService
will connect to a CarAppService that you will extend.

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在您的 CarAppService 类中  您需要覆写 onCreateSession
In your CarAppService, you will override onCreateSession,

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该方法会返回一个 Session 实例
which returns a session instance corresponding to

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它对应主机的当前连接
the current connection to the host.

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Session 负责覆写 onCreateScreen
The session is responsible for returning the screen instance

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进而返回要在应用首次启动时使用的 Screen 实例
to use the first time the app is started by overriding onCreateScreen.

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然后  所有 Screen 类都会实现 onGetTemplate
Then, each of your screen classes will implement onGetTemplate,

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该方法会返回 Template 对象
which returns a template object representing

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表示要在车载屏幕上显示的界面状态
the state of the UI to display in the car screen.

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然后系统会将 Template 反馈给主机应用
The template will be then fed back to the host application,

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主机应用将为您呈现界面
which will render the UI for you.

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如果使用 Android Auto 您会发现所有车辆拥有相同的观感
With Android Auto, you will find the same look and feel across all vehicles,

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而如果使用 Android Automotive OS 您会发现呈现的界面
and with Android Automotive OS, you will find the rendered UI influenced

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会受到 OEM 自定义的影响
by OEM customizations, so your app will feel

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因此您无需花费额外精力即可使应用于所搭载的车辆风格一致
like it belongs in that specific car without any extra effort on your part.

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我之前提过使用 Car App Library 时
As I mentioned previously, when using the Car App Library,

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需要为应用声明类别
you need to declare a category for your app

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比如导航  充电或停车
out of either navigation, charging, or parking,

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以便可以访问该类别的相应模板
which will give you access to the corresponding templates for that category.

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所有应用都可以访问前七个模板
All apps have access to the top seven templates,

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而导航  停车和充电应用
while navigation and parking and charging apps

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则拥有针对其用例的特定模板
have specific templates for their use case.

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请务必告知我们
Again, please do let us know what templates and categories

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您希望将来看到哪些模板和类别
you’d like to see in the future.

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接下来 Jay 会向大家介绍代码并展示一款简单的汽车应用
Now, Jay will walk you through the code and show you an example of a simple car app.

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在这一部分我们将通过构建简单的 HelloWorld 应用
In this section, we will learn about the Car App Library

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来了解 Car App Library
by building a simple HelloWorld app.

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我们从代码结构开始
We start with the code structure.

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我们的代码库有四个组件
Our code base has four components.

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首先是手机应用组件
The first is our phone app component,

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其中包含手机应用所需的代码和资源
where the code and resources needed for the phone app will be placed.

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其次是通用汽车应用组件
Then, we have the common car app component

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包含所有汽车应用代码和资源
that contains all the car app code and resources.

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该组件可在 Android Auto
This component will be shared between the Android Auto

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和 Automotive OS 构建目标之间共享
and Automotive OS build targets.

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接下来是 Android Auto 和 Automotive OS 组件
Next, we have the Android Auto and Automotive OS components,

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这些组件仅包含 AndroidManifest 和 build.gradle 文件
which just contain the AndroidManifest and the build.gradle files.

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了解该结构后  我们来编写代码
With this structure in mind, let's jump into the code.

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我们需要在 build.gradle 文件中定义依赖项
Let's define the dependencies in our build.gradle files.

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我们的应用依赖 Car App Library
For our app, we will depend on the 1.1.0 beta 01 version

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1.1.0 Beta 01 版本
of the Car App Library.

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这些是 Android Auto 构建目标的依赖项
These are the dependencies for the Android Auto build target.

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我们有共享的 Car App Library 依赖项
We have the shared Car App Library dependency

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也有 Android Auto 特定依赖项
as well as the Android Auto specific dependency.

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这些是 Automotive OS 依赖项
These are the Automotive OS dependencies.

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请注意  共享库依赖项保持不变
Notice that the shared library dependency stays the same,

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但同时我们有 Automotive OS 特定依赖项
but now, we have the Automotive OS specific dependency.

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设置依赖项后即可编写同时适用于 Android Auto
After setting the dependencies, we can write the main car app logic

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和 Automotive OS 的主要汽车应用逻辑
that works in both Android Auto and Automotive OS.

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首先  我们来创建 CarAppService 类
First, we create our CarAppService class.

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这个类是应用和主机之间
This class is the main bridge of communication

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通信的主要桥梁
between our app and the host.

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在 onCreateSession 方法中我们返回 HelloWorldSession 对象
In onCreateSession method, we return a HelloWorldSession object,

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相关内容我们很快就会讲到
which we will go over soon.

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在我们自己的 Service 中需要实现一个 HostValidator 方法
In our service, we also create a host validator

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用来检查与我们的服务绑定的主机是否可信
to check if the host that binds to our service can be trusted.

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我们使用默认主机白名单  但您可以根据需要添加新主机
We use the default host whitelist here, but you can add new hosts if needed.

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接下来我们来创建 HelloWorldSession
Next, we create HelloWorldSession.

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Session 是一个对象  它在车载屏幕中打开应用时
Session is the object that returns the first screen to be shown

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可返回要显示的首个界面
when the app is opened in the car screen.

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在这里  我们返回 HelloWorldScreen 
Here, we return HelloWorldScreen,

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在后面的幻灯片中我们会重新讨论
which we will revisit in later slides.

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Session 在生命周期及配置发生变更时
Session also receives intents as well as callbacks on lifecycle

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接收 intent 和回调
and configuration changes.

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接下来  我们来创建 HelloWorldScreen
Next, we create HelloWorldScreen.

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Screen 对象包含我们希望在车载屏幕中
A screen object contains the template and the metadata

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显示的模板和元数据
that we want to show in the car screen.

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我们在 onGetTemplate 方法中构建并返回 Template 对象
We construct and return a template object in onGetTemplate method.

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此外 Screen 可以访问 ScreenManager 对象
Also, screen has access to the ScreenManager object

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您可以使用该对象推送和弹出屏幕
that you can use to push and pop screens.

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我们将在下一张幻灯片中了解 ScreenManager 的工作原理
We will see how ScreenManager works in the next slide.

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我们将创建包含一行文本的非常简单的列表模板
We will create a very simple list template with one row of text.

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首先  我们来创建一个 row 对象
First, we create the row object.

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当用户点按该行时我们会使用 ScreenManager
When the user taps on the row, we use the ScreenManager

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推送进入到 MyNextScreen
to push the next screen.

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然后我们为该行创建列表并创建一个 ListTemplate 对象
Then, we create the list for the row and create a list template.

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在接下来的几张幻灯片中我们将展示可以使用该库执行的一些操作
For the next few slides, we will show a few things you can do with the library.

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有关库功能的全面演示
For a comprehensive walkthrough of the library features,

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请参阅 Car App Library 开发者文档
please refer to the Car App Library developer documentation.

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用户轻触该行时  我们会更新 row 的文字内容
Here, when the user taps on the row, we update the row text.

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invalidate 方法的调用  会通知主机屏幕需要更新
The invalidate call notifies the host that the screen needs to be updated.

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显示一个 toast  可以使用 CarToast 类
In order to show a toast, you can use the CarToast class, as shown here.

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其使用模式与常规的 Toast 类相同
The usage pattern is the same as the regular Toast class.

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如果要请求权限  比如位置权限
To request permissions, such as the location permission,

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可以使用 carContext.requestPermissions 方法
you can use carContext.requestPermissions method.

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在 Android Auto 中调用此方法
In Android Auto, calling this method

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会在手机屏幕弹出权限请求窗口
will show the permission request pop-up in the phone screen.

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在 Automotive OS 中弹出窗口则显示在车载屏幕上
In Automotive OS, the pop-up will be shown in the car screen.

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在回调中  您会得到
In the callback, you will have the list

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可操作的已批准和已拒绝权限的列表
of approved and rejected permissions that you can act on.

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要发送通知请构建常规的的 Notification 对象
To send a notification, construct a normal notification object,

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可以选择使用 CarAppExtender 进行扩展
optionally extended with CarAppExtender,

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然后使用 CarNotificationManager 发送通知对象
and send it with CarNotificationManager.

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在 Android Auto 中 CarAppExtender 可用于
In Android Auto, CarAppExtender allows you to differentiate the notification style

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区分手机和车载屏幕之间不同的通知样式和内容
and content between the phone and the car screen.

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在 Android Auto 和 Automotive OS 中
In both Android Auto and Automotive OS,

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当通知显示在车载屏幕上时
when the notification is displayed in the car screen,

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CarAppExtender 中设置的任何内容
any content set in the CarAppExtender

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都会替换等效的通知内容
will override the equivalent notification content.

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恭喜完成代码部分
Congratulations for finishing the code section.

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我们即将大功告成
We're almost there.

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接下来我们将介绍
In the next section, we will go over the Manifest files

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Android Auto 和 Automotive OS 构建目标的清单文件
for Android Auto and Automotive OS build targets.

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在 Android Auto 清单文件中
In the Android Auto Manifest file,

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我们会在 application 元素中添加此元数据
we add this metadata in our application element.

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通过此元数据  Android Auto 会将您的应用标记为汽车应用
This metadata allows Android Auto to identify your app as a car app.

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我们还将相应的 XML 文件放在 Resources 目录中
We also place the corresponding XML file in our Resources directory.

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接下来  我们为应用定义最低汽车 API 级别
Next, we define the minimum car API level for our app.

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如果最低 API 级别较高则意味着我们可以使用最新的库功能
Higher minimum API level means that we can use the latest library features,

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但部分主机可能不支持该 API 级别
but some hosts may not support the API level.

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发生这种情况时  主机会显示一条消息
When that happens, the host will display a message

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通知更新主机应用
to update the host app.

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由于我们仅使用基本的库功能
Since we are only using basic library features,

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选择 API 级别 1 即可
we can leave it at one.

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接下来  我们在 application 元素中声明 CarAppService
Then, we declare our CarAppService in the application element.

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请注意  在 intent-filter 元素中我们将服务声明为 CarAppService
Notice that, in the intent-filter element, we declare our service as a CarAppService

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并将汽车应用的类别声明为泊车应用
and also our car app's category as a parking app.

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此处声明的类别未来将会用于 Play 商店应用审核流程
The category declared here will later be used in the Play Store app review process

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以检查应用是否符合特定类别的汽车应用质量指南
to check if our app meets the category-specific car app quality guidelines.

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Automotive OS 清单看起来有些不同
The Automotive OS Manifest looks somewhat different.

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我们在其中声明了在汽车应用中使用和未使用的各种功能
Here, we declare various features that we are and are not using in our car app.

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务必将 Wi-Fi 和摄像头等功能声明为 false
Declaring features such as Wi-Fi and camera as false is important.

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否则  应用可能无法在不支持此类功能的汽车中使用
Otherwise, our app may not show up in cars that do not support such features.

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同 Android Auto 一样我们也在 Automotive OS 中添加了元数据
As we did for Android Auto, we add the metadata

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以便其可以将应用识别为汽车应用
so Automotive OS can recognize our app as a car app

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并声明最低 API 级别
and also declare the minimum API level.

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我们以相同的方式声明汽车应用服务
Again, our car app service is declared in the same way.

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最后  我们来声明特定于 Automotive OS 的 Activity
Lastly, we declare an activity specific to Automotive OS.

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请留意 distractionOptimized 元数据
Notice the distractionOptimized metadata.

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要想应用在用户驾驶时运行必须用到此元数据
This is needed for our app to work while the user is driving.

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就是这样
That is it.

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现在您可以构建同时在 Android Auto 和 Automotive OS 中运行的应用
Now you can build an app that runs in both Android Auto and Automotive OS.

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除库功能之外
In addition to the library features,

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汽车应用还可以通过集成语音功能得到体验的提升
your car app can benefit from voice integration.

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通过语音集成  驾驶员们可以
Voice integration allows the driver

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在不分心的情况下与应用进行交互
to interact with your app without being distracted

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还可以通过多种方式扩展应用功能
and can also extend your app's functionality in many ways.

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您可以在 Session 对象的 onCreateScreen 
You can receive intents from the Voice Assistant

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和 onNewIntent 方法中接收来自语音助理的 Intent
in your session objects onCreateScreen and onNewIntent methods.

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如果您正在构建导航应用且支持导航 Intent
If you’re building a navigation app and support navigation intents,

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则可能会收到来自语音查询的 Intent
you may receive intents from the voice queries.

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我们将在下一张幻灯片中展示如何处理此 Intent
We will show you how to handle this intent in the next slide.

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您的应用也可能会收到来自 App Actions 的内置和自定义 Intent
In addition, your app may receive built-in and custom intents from Android App Actions,

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如同手机应用一样
just like your phone app.

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如需了解更多信息请参阅幻灯片中的链接
For more information, please refer to the link in the slide.

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我们正在处理在 onNewIntent 方法中收到的 Intent
Here, we are handling the intent that we received in onNewIntent method.

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可以使用同样的方式处理 onCreateScreen 方法中收到的 Intent
The intent received in onCreateScreen method can be handled in the same manner.

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如果 Intent 的 action 值是 CarContext.ACTION_NAVIGATE
If the intent action is CarContext.ACTION_NAVIGATE,

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我们会解析查询字符串并将其传递给推送的
we parse the query string, which we pass to the constructor

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MyNavigationScreen 构造函数
of MyNavigationScreen that we push.

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有关 Intent 的确切格式请参阅 CarContext 开发者文档
See the car context developer documentation for the exact format of the intent.

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小结一下  我们构建了一个 HelloWorld 应用  编写了通用代码
So far, we wrote our HelloWorld app with the common code, dependencies,

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依赖项和清单文件  并将其与语音助理集成
and the Manifest files, and integrated with the Voice Assistant.

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接下来该运行应用啦
Now is the time to see our app in action.

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接下来  我将带您了解
In the next section, we will explain

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如何在 Android Auto 和 Automotive OS 模拟器中运行汽车应用
how to run a car app in Android Auto and Automotive OS emulators.

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幻灯片中的链接提供了
The link in the slide has instructions

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如何下载和运行 Android Auto 和 Automotive OS 模拟器
on how to download and run the emulators in Android Auto and Automotive OS.

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确保应用设定了 Android Auto 为构建目标
Make sure you build and install your car app’s Android Auto build target

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以便可以在桌面车机 (DHU) 中运行
on the phone to run it in the desktop head unit.

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在汽车模拟器中运行的应用要设定 Automotive OS 为构建目标 
Similarly, build and install Automotive OS build target in automotive emulators.

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在模拟器中运行应用时还可以看到仪表盘屏幕
When you run your app in the emulators, you can also see the cluster display,

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其中可能会显示导航或其他相关信息
which may show navigation or other relevant information.

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如果应用集成了语音助理
Also, you can test the voice commands in the emulators

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则还可以在模拟器中测试语音命令
if your app is integrated with the Voice Assistant.

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最后一部分关于如何发布应用
This last section is about publishing your app.

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此过程与常规应用发布过程非常相似
The process is very similar to the regular app publishing process,

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我们只指出其中的不同之处
so we will only note the differences.

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要在 Play 商店管理中心提交汽车应用
To submit your car app in the Play Store console,

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请单击 Setup  Advanced Settings 和 Release Types
click Setup, Advanced Settings, and Release Types.

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根据汽车应用的构建目标
Select Android Auto or Android Automotive OS,

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选择 Android Auto 或 Android Automotive OS
depending on your car app’s build target.

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上传 APK 时为 Android Auto 选择 Standard Release Type
When uploading your APK, select Standard Release Type for Android Auto

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为 Automotive OS 选择 Automotive OS Only
and Automotive OS Only for Automotive OS.

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提交后  根据汽车应用质量指南
After submission, there may be additional reviews

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可能需要进行额外审核
based on car app quality guidelines.

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审核完成后  您会收到一封附有审核结果的通知电子邮件
When the review is complete, you will receive a notification email with the result.

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希望大家对构建汽车应用充满信心
I hope you will feel confident about building car apps

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相信自己的应用能够帮助路上数百万汽车用户
and reaching out to millions of users on the road that need your app.

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为帮助大家制作优秀的应用
To help you make great apps, we are working hard

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我们正在努力添加更多模板和类别
to add more templates and categories.

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我们还致力于为 Automotive OS 汽车应用
We’re also working on paid app and in-app purchase flows

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提供付费应用和应用内购买流程
for Automotive OS car apps.

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请与我们联系告知我们您希望将来
Please reach out to us and let us know what you would like to see

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在 Car App Library 中看到的功能
in the car app library in the future.

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最后  幻灯片中这些资源
Lastly, here are resources that contain

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会更全面更详细地介绍如何构建汽车应用
more comprehensive and detailed information about building a car app.

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感谢收看
Thanks for watching.