CustomController.php

<?php



....略
  
  
  /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     *
     * @param UserRequest $request
     *
     * @return Application|ResponseFactory|JsonResponse|Response
     */
    public function store(CustomRequest $request)
{
    CustomModel::create( $request->validated() );
  
}

CustomFormRequest.php

<?php

namespace App\Api\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;

class CustomRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function passedValidation()
    {
        $this->merge(
            ['date' => \Carbon\Carbon::parse($this['date'])->format('Y-m-d')]
        );
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the user is authorized to make this request.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function authorize()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get the validation rules that apply to the request.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        switch ($this->method()) {
            case 'POST':
                return [
                    'member_id' => 'required|uuid|exists:members,id',
                    'date' => 'required|date_format:Y/m/d',
                    'meal_time' => 'required|date_format:H:i',
                    'meal_type' => 'required|string|in:breakfast,lunch,dinner,other',
                    'restaurant' => 'required|array',
                    'restaurant.id' => 'required|integer',
                    'restaurant.name' => 'sometimes|string',
                    'dishes' => 'required|array',
                    'dishes.*.id' => 'required|integer',
                    'dishes.*.name' => 'sometimes|string|nullable',
                    'dishes.*.image' => 'sometimes|string|nullable',
                    'dishes.*.unit_quantities' => 'required|numeric',
                    'dishes.*.rating' => 'required|numeric',
                    'dishes.*.remark' => 'sometimes|string|nullable',
                ];
            case 'PUT':
                return [
                    'member_id' => 'required|uuid|exists:members,id', //驗證資料庫內欄位members.id
                    'id' => 'required|integer|exists:daily_meal_dish,id',
                    'meal_time' => 'required|string|',
                    'meal_type' => 'required|string|in:breakfast,lunch,dinner,other',
                    'dish' => 'required|array',
                    'dish.name' => 'sometimes|string|nullable',
                    'dish.image' => 'sometimes|string|nullable',
                    'dish.unit_quantities' => 'required|numeric',
                    'dish.rating' => 'required|numeric',
                    'dish.remark' => 'sometimes|string|nullable',
                ];
            default:
                return [];
        }
    }

    public function attributes()
    {
        return [
            'member_id' => 'Membmer ID',
            'id' => 'Meal Dish Record ID',
            'date' => 'Date',
            'meal_time' => 'Meal Time',
            'meal_type' => 'Meal Type',
            'restaurant' => 'Restaurant Object',
            'restaurant.id' => 'Restaurant ID',
            'restaurant.name' => 'Restaurant Name',
            'dishes' => 'Dish Array', //陣列
            'dishes.*.id' => 'Dish ID', //陣列子內容
            'dishes.*.name' => 'Dish Name',
            'dishes.*.image' => 'Dish Image Url',
            'dishes.*.unit_quantities' => 'Dish Unit Quantities',
            'dishes.*.rating' => 'Dish Rating',
            'dish' => 'Dish Object',
            'dish.id' => 'Dish ID',
            'dish.name' => 'Dish Name',
            'dish.image' => 'Dish Image Url',
            'dish.unit_quantities' => 'Dish Unit Quantities',
            'dish.rating' => 'Dish Rating',
            'dish.remark' => 'Remark',
        ];
    }

    public function messages()
    {
        return [
            'required' => ' :attribute 未輸入',
            'exists' => ':attribute 不存在',
            'string' => ':attribute 必須是字串',
            'integer' => ':attribute 必須是整數',
            'date' => ':attribute 必須是日期',
            'numeric' => ':attribute 必須是數字',
            'array' => ':attribute 必須是陣列',
            'boolean' => ':attribute 必須是布林',
            'min' => ':attribute 不能小於:min',
            'max' => ':attribute 不能大於:max',
            'between' => ':attribute 的值 :input 不在 :min - :max 之間',
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Prepare the data for validation.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function prepareForValidation()
    {
        <!-- 預先組合加入驗證 -->
        $this->merge([
            'slug' => Str::slug($this->slug),
        ]);
    }


    /**
     * Configure the validator instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Validation\Validator  $validator
     * @return void
     */
    public function withValidator($validator)
    {
        $validator->after(function ($validator) {
            
            if ($this->somethingElseIsInvalid()) {
                $validator->errors()->add('field', 'Something is wrong with this field!');
            }
            <!-- 驗證過後才組合資訊部分 -->
            $this->merge([
                'address' => $this->city.$this->district.$this->street,
            ]);
        });
    }
}