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Seeting up our Children for Failure: The Effect of Income on Education
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State | lowIncomeReading | highIncomeReading | lowIncomePreK | highIncomePreK | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 18 | 49 | 32 | 52 | |
Alaska | 15 | 40 | 31 | 39 | |
Arizona | 15 | 43 | 25 | 44 | |
Arkansas | 22 | 46 | 41 | 51 | |
California | 15 | 46 | 37 | 56 | |
Colorado | 21 | 55 | 38 | 57 | |
Connecticut | 19 | 57 | 56 | 67 | |
Delaware | 25 | 52 | 36 | 55 | |
District of Columbia | 13 | 61 | 0 | 0 | |
Florida | 27 | 58 | 41 | 58 | |
Georgia | 21 | 53 | 38 | 59 | |
Hawaii | 17 | 43 | 41 | 53 | |
Idaho | 22 | 44 | 26 | 40 | |
Illinois | 16 | 52 | 45 | 59 | |
Indiana | 25 | 51 | 30 | 49 | |
Iowa | 23 | 48 | 42 | 51 | |
Kansas | 22 | 54 | 38 | 49 | |
Kentucky | 23 | 51 | 36 | 49 | |
Louisiana | 15 | 42 | 45 | 56 | |
Maine | 24 | 48 | 36 | 47 | |
Maryland | 24 | 58 | 35 | 55 | |
Massachusetts | 25 | 62 | 46 | 65 | |
Michigan | 19 | 44 | 40 | 53 | |
Minnesota | 23 | 52 | 38 | 50 | |
Mississippi | 15 | 42 | 46 | 52 | |
Missouri | 23 | 49 | 36 | 52 | |
Montana | 22 | 46 | 35 | 42 | |
Nebraska | 23 | 49 | 37 | 51 | |
Nevada | 17 | 44 | 22 | 40 | |
New Hampshire | 24 | 53 | 43 | 60 | |
New Jersey | 22 | 56 | 53 | 66 | |
New Mexico | 15 | 39 | 34 | 44 | |
New York | 23 | 53 | 46 | 62 | |
North Carolina | 22 | 53 | 31 | 55 | |
North Dakota | 22 | 40 | 33 | 40 | |
Ohio | 20 | 52 | 37 | 53 | |
Oklahoma | 21 | 43 | 37 | 46 | |
Oregon | 21 | 50 | 31 | 50 | |
Pennsylvania | 23 | 55 | 36 | 56 | |
Rhode Island | 19 | 55 | 0 | 0 | |
South Carolina | 17 | 46 | 34 | 52 | |
South Dakota | 18 | 42 | 34 | 37 | |
Tennessee | 18 | 52 | 32 | 49 | |
Texas | 17 | 47 | 33 | 49 | |
Utah | 24 | 46 | 31 | 48 | |
Vermont | 26 | 54 | 38 | 58 | |
Virginia | 21 | 56 | 34 | 54 | |
Washington | 23 | 53 | 29 | 49 | |
West Virginia | 24 | 37 | 33 | 38 | |
Wisconsin | 20 | 47 | 32 | 45 | |
Wyoming | 24 | 46 | 0 | 0 |
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<!DOCTYPE html> | |
<!-- A modified example from Scott Murray's Knight d3 course. --> | |
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="utf-8"> | |
<title>The Effect on Income on Education</title> | |
<!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS --> | |
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-1q8mTJOASx8j1Au+a5WDVnPi2lkFfwwEAa8hDDdjZlpLegxhjVME1fgjWPGmkzs7" crossorigin="anonymous"> | |
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-0mSbJDEHialfmuBBQP6A4Qrprq5OVfW37PRR3j5ELqxss1yVqOtnepnHVP9aJ7xS" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> | |
<style type="text/css"> | |
body { | |
background-color: white; | |
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; | |
} | |
h1 { | |
font-size: 26px; | |
font-weight:bold; | |
margin: 0; | |
} | |
h3 { | |
font-size: 20px; | |
} | |
p { | |
font-size: 14px; | |
margin: 10px 0 0 0; | |
} | |
.clicker { | |
font-weight: bolder; | |
color: black; | |
cursor: pointer; | |
} | |
.button { | |
background-color: #ffffff; | |
border: 0px; | |
} | |
.selected { | |
background-color: #969899; | |
border: 0px; | |
} | |
.chart-title { | |
font-size: 14pt; | |
font-weight: bolder; | |
color: black; | |
margin-left: 300px; | |
} | |
svg { | |
background-color: white; | |
} | |
.dots { | |
fill: #3498DB; | |
} | |
.highlighted { | |
fill: #E74C3C; | |
} | |
.axis path, | |
.axis line { | |
fill: none; | |
stroke: gray; | |
shape-rendering: crispEdges; | |
} | |
.axis text { | |
font-family: sans-serif; | |
font-size: 11px; | |
} | |
.xlabel{ | |
font-size: 15px; | |
fill: gray; | |
} | |
.ylabel{ | |
font-size: 15px; | |
fill: gray; | |
} | |
.row { | |
padding-top: 30px; | |
} | |
.btn-group{ | |
padding-top: 15px; | |
} | |
</style> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div class="container"> | |
<div class="row"> | |
<div class="col-md-8"> | |
<h1>The Effect of Income on Education</h1> | |
<p>Fourth graders who did not qualify for free or discounted school lunch, an indicator of a family living below the poverty line, performed significantly better in reading exams. On a national average, only 18% of fourth graders in lower income families were reading proficient, against 48% of their higher income counterparts.</p> | |
<p>Children from lower income families are less likely to attend pre-school. In urban states, that may be because early care is too expensive, especially in areas that do not provide free universal early care. In rural areas, the problem is more connected to the distance from a family to the nearest pre-school or even more alarmingly, the quality of the education provided at the care centers.</p> | |
<p>Source: <a href="http://datacenter.kidscount.org/data#FL/2/0">Kids Count Data Center</a></p> | |
<div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="..."> | |
<button class="clicker" id="reading">Reading Proficiency</button> | |
<button class="clicker" id="earlyed">Early Education</button> | |
</div> | |
<h3>Reading Proficiency</h3> | |
</div> | |
<div class="col-md-4"> | |
<div id="svg"></div> | |
<div> | |
<img src="united-states-map.png" class="img-responsive" alt="United States"> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.5.6/d3.min.js"></script> | |
<script type="text/javascript"> | |
var fullwidth = 600; | |
var fullheight = 450; | |
var margin = { top: 20, right: 10, bottom: 50, left: 50 }; | |
var width = fullwidth - margin.left - margin.right; | |
var height = fullheight - margin.top - margin.bottom; | |
// redo this with an object for the margin settings: var margin = {top...} | |
var dotRadius = 3; // fix this to a nice value. | |
var xScale = d3.scale.linear() | |
.range([ 0, width ]) | |
.domain([-2,100]); | |
// top to bottom, padding just in case | |
var yScale = d3.scale.linear() | |
.range([ height, 0 ]) | |
.domain([-2,100]); | |
// Create your axes here. | |
var xAxis = d3.svg.axis() | |
.scale(xScale) | |
.orient("bottom") | |
.ticks(12); | |
var yAxis = d3.svg.axis() | |
.scale(yScale) | |
.orient("left"); | |
var svg = d3.select("body") | |
.append("svg") | |
.attr("width", fullwidth) | |
.attr("height", fullheight) | |
.append("g") | |
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")"); | |
d3.csv("educationbyincome.csv", draw); | |
function draw(error, data) { | |
if (error) { | |
console.log("error reading data"); | |
} | |
var circles = svg.selectAll("circle") | |
.data(data) | |
.enter() | |
.append("circle"); | |
// Circles in SVG have cx, cy, and r attributes. x location, y location, radius. | |
circles.attr("cx", function(d) { | |
return xScale(+d.lowIncomeReading); | |
// return the value to use for your x scale here | |
}) | |
.attr("cy", function(d) { | |
return yScale(+d.highIncomeReading); | |
}) | |
.attr("class", function(d){ | |
// highlighting some interesting outliers | |
if (d.State === "Florida" || d.State === "Massachusetts" || d.State == "Wisconsin") { | |
return "highlighted"; | |
} | |
else { | |
return "dots"; | |
} | |
}) | |
.append("title") | |
.text(function(d) { | |
return d.State + " " + "Low Income Family:"+ " " + d.lowIncomeReading + "%" + " " + "High Income Family:" + " " + d.highIncomeReading + "%"; | |
}); | |
// adding a silly intro animation to catch the eye -- using transition: | |
circles.sort(function(a, b) { | |
return d3.ascending(+a.urban, +b.urban); | |
}) | |
.transition() | |
.delay(function(d, i) { | |
return i * 10; | |
}) | |
.duration(500) // milliseconds, so this is 1 second. | |
.attr("r", dotRadius); | |
// fix these translates so they use your margin and height width as needed | |
svg.append("g") | |
.attr("class", "x axis") | |
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")") | |
.call(xAxis); | |
svg.append("g") | |
.attr("class", "y axis") | |
.call(yAxis); | |
svg.append("text") | |
.attr("class", "xlabel") | |
.attr("transform", "translate(" + (width / 2) + " ," + | |
(height + 20) + ")") | |
.style("text-anchor", "middle") | |
.attr("dy", "12") | |
.text("Low Income Families"); | |
svg.append("text") | |
.attr("class", "ylabel") | |
.attr("transform","rotate(-90) translate(" + (-height/2) + ",0)") | |
.style("text-anchor", "middle") | |
.attr("dy", -25) | |
.text("Higher Income Families"); | |
// make the default data button look selected | |
d3.select("button#reading").classed("selected", true); | |
// handle the click events on the 2 buttons: | |
d3.selectAll("button.clicker").on("click", function() { | |
// we use the id attr on each to see which data set to use. | |
var whichbutton = d3.select(this).attr("id"); | |
// style the buttons to show which one was clicked: | |
d3.select(this).classed("selected", true); | |
if (whichbutton === "reading") { | |
d3.select("button#earlyed").classed("selected", false); | |
} else { | |
d3.select("button#reading").classed("selected", false); | |
} | |
// The id is either toys or books. We just check which | |
// one and return the right data and text below: | |
circles | |
.transition() | |
.duration(2000) | |
.attr("cx", function(d) { | |
if (whichbutton === "earlyed") { | |
return xScale(+d.lowIncomePreK); | |
} | |
else { // then it's books: | |
return xScale(+d.lowIncomeReading); | |
} | |
// return the value to use for your x scale here | |
}) | |
.attr("cy", function(d) { | |
if (whichbutton === "earlyed") { | |
return yScale(+d.highIncomePreK); | |
} else { | |
return yScale(+d.highIncomeReading); | |
} | |
}); | |
circles.selectAll("title").remove(); | |
circles | |
.append("title") | |
.text(function(d) { | |
if (whichbutton === "reading") { | |
return d.State + " " + "Reading proficiency in low income families:" + " " + d.lowIncomeReading + "Reading proficiency in higher income families:" + " " + d.highIncomeReading; | |
} else { | |
return d.State + " " + "Children enrolled in Pre-k in low income families:" + " " + d.lowIncomePreK + "Children enrolled in Pre-k in higher income families:" + " " + d.highIncomePreK; | |
} | |
}); | |
// change the visible title! | |
if (whichbutton === "reading") { | |
d3.select("p.chart-title").text("Reading Proficiency of 4th Graders"); | |
} else { | |
d3.select("p.chart-title").text("Children Enrolled in Early Education (Pre-k)"); | |
} | |
}); // end clicker function | |
}; | |
</script> | |
</body> | |
</html> |
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