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| {"batchcomplete":"","query":{"pages":{"26954":{"pageid":26954,"ns":0,"title":"Stephen King","revisions":[{"*":"<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote\">For other people named Stephen King, see <a href=\"/wiki/Stephen_King_(disambiguation)\" class=\"mw-disambig\" title=\"Stephen King (disambiguation)\">Stephen King (disambiguation)</a>.</div>\n<p>\n\n</p>\n<table class=\"infobox vcard\" style=\"width:22em\"><tr><th colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold\"><span class=\"fn\">Stephen King</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<a href=\"/wiki/File:Stephen_King,_Comicon.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Stephen King, Comicon.jpg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Stephen_King%2C_Comicon.jpg/220px-Stephen_King%2C_Comicon.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Stephen_King%2C_Comicon.jpg/330px-Stephen_King%2C_Comicon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Stephen_King%2C_Comicon.jpg/440px-Stephen_King%2C_Comicon.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"556\" data-file-height=\"707\" /></a><div>King in February 2007</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Born</th><td style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\nStephen Edwin King<br/><span style=\"display:none\"> (<span class=\"bday\">1947-09-21</span>) </span>September 21, 1947<span class=\"noprint ForceAgeToShow\"> (age 69)</span><br/><a href=\"/wiki/Portland,_Maine\" title=\"Portland, Maine\">Portland, Maine</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Pen name</th><td class=\"nickname\" style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<div class=\"hlist\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Bachman\" title=\"Richard Bachman\">Richard Bachman</a></li>\n<li>John Swithen</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Occupation</th><td class=\"role\" style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<div class=\"hlist\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/Novelist\" title=\"Novelist\">Novelist</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Short_story_writer\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Short story writer\">short story writer</a></li>\n<li>screenwriter</li>\n<li>columnist</li>\n<li>actor</li>\n<li>television producer</li>\n<li>singer</li>\n<li>musician</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Period</th><td style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n1967\u2013present<sup id=\"cite_ref-OfficialBio_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-OfficialBio-1\">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Genre</th><td class=\"category\" style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<div class=\"hlist\">\n<ul><li>Horror</li>\n<li>fantasy</li>\n<li>science fiction</li>\n<li>supernatural fiction</li>\n<li>drama</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Gothic_fiction\" title=\"Gothic fiction\">gothic</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Genre_fiction\" title=\"Genre fiction\">genre fiction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Dark_fantasy\" title=\"Dark fantasy\">dark fantasy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Post-apocalyptic_fiction\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Post-apocalyptic fiction\">post-apocalyptic fiction</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Crime_fiction\" title=\"Crime fiction\">crime fiction</a></li>\n<li>suspense</li>\n<li>thriller</li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Notable works</th><td style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<div class=\"hlist\">\n<ul><li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Carrie_(novel)\" title=\"Carrie (novel)\">Carrie</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Shining_(novel)\" title=\"The Shining (novel)\">The Shining</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Stand\" title=\"The Stand\">The Stand</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Misery_(novel)\" title=\"Misery (novel)\">Misery</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/It_(novel)\" title=\"It (novel)\">It</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Dark_Tower_(series)\" title=\"The Dark Tower (series)\">The Dark Tower</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Under_the_Dome_(novel)\" title=\"Under the Dome (novel)\">Under the Dome</a></i></li>\n<li><i><a href=\"/wiki/Rita_Hayworth_and_Shawshank_Redemption\" title=\"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\">Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption</a></i></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Notable awards</th><td style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<div class=\"hlist\">\n<ul><li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Book_Award\" title=\"National Book Award\">Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Hugo_Award\" title=\"Hugo Award\">Hugo Award</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bram_Stoker_Award\" title=\"Bram Stoker Award\">Bram Stoker Award</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/World_Fantasy_Award\" title=\"World Fantasy Award\">World Fantasy Award</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts\" title=\"National Medal of Arts\">National Medal of Arts</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Spouse</th><td style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<span itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen King\"><a href=\"/wiki/Tabitha_King\" title=\"Tabitha King\">Tabitha King</a> <span style=\"font-size:95%;\">(<abbr title=\"married\">m.</abbr> 1971)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em;padding-right:0.65em;\">Children</th><td style=\"line-height:1.4em;\">\n<div class=\"hlist\">\n<ul><li>Naomi </li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Joe_Hill_(writer)\" title=\"Joe Hill (writer)\">Joe</a> </li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Owen_King\" title=\"Owen King\">Owen</a></li></ul>\n</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center\">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;\">\n<span class=\"url\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://stephenking.com\">stephenking<wbr/>.com</a></span></td></tr></table>\n<p><b>Stephen Edwin King</b> (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of contemporary <a href=\"/wiki/Horror_fiction\" title=\"Horror fiction\">horror</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Supernatural_fiction\" title=\"Supernatural fiction\">supernatural fiction</a>, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy. His books have sold more than 350 million copies,<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">[9]</a></sup> many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television shows, and comic books. King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name <a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Bachman\" title=\"Richard Bachman\">Richard Bachman</a>, and six non-fiction books. He has written <a href=\"/wiki/Stephen_King_short_fiction_bibliography\" title=\"Stephen King short fiction bibliography\">nearly 200 short stories</a>, most of which have been collected in book collections. Many of his stories are set in his home state of <a href=\"/wiki/Maine\" title=\"Maine\">Maine</a>. His novella <i><a href=\"/wiki/Rita_Hayworth_and_Shawshank_Redemption\" title=\"Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption\">Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption</a></i> was the basis for the movie <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Shawshank_Redemption\" title=\"The Shawshank Redemption\">The Shawshank Redemption</a></i> which is widely regarded as one of the <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_films_considered_the_best\" title=\"List of films considered the best\">greatest films of all time</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Ebert99_10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Ebert99-10\">[10]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Empire1_11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Empire1-11\">[11]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Empire500Greatest_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Empire500Greatest-12\">[12]</a></sup>\n</p>\nKing has received <a href=\"/wiki/Bram_Stoker_Award\" title=\"Bram Stoker Award\">Bram Stoker Awards</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/World_Fantasy_Award\" title=\"World Fantasy Award\">World Fantasy Awards</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/British_Fantasy_Society\" title=\"British Fantasy Society\">British Fantasy Society</a> Awards. His novella <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Way_Station\" title=\"The Way Station\">The Way Station</a></i> (1980) was a <a href=\"/wiki/Nebula_Award\" title=\"Nebula Award\">Nebula Award</a> novelette nominee.<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">[13]</a></sup> In 2003, the <a href=\"/wiki/National_Book_Foundation\" title=\"National Book Foundation\">National Book Foundation</a> awarded him the <a href=\"/wiki/National_Book_Award\" title=\"National Book Award\">Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-natbook_14-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-natbook-14\">[14]</a></sup> His short story \"<a href=\"/wiki/The_Man_in_the_Black_Suit\" title=\"The Man in the Black Suit\">The Man in the Black Suit</a>\" (1994) received the <a href=\"/wiki/O._Henry_Award\" title=\"O. Henry Award\">O. Henry Award</a>. He has also received awards for his contribution to literature for his entire <i>oeuvre</i>, such as the <a href=\"/wiki/World_Fantasy_Award_for_Life_Achievement\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement\">World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement</a> (2004), the Canadian Booksellers Association Lifetime Achievement Award (2007), and the Grand Master Award from the <a href=\"/wiki/Mystery_Writers_of_America\" title=\"Mystery Writers of America\">Mystery Writers of America</a> (2007).<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">[15]</a></sup> In 2015, King was awarded with a <a href=\"/wiki/National_Medal_of_Arts\" title=\"National Medal of Arts\">National Medal of Arts</a> from the <a href=\"/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts\" title=\"National Endowment for the Arts\">United States National Endowment for the Arts</a> for his contributions to literature.<sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">[16]</a></sup><ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-OfficialBio-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-OfficialBio_1-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">King, Tabitha; DeFilippo, Marsha. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.stephenking.com/biography.php\">\"Stephen King.com: Biography\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">December 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.au=DeFilippo%2C+Marsha&rft.aufirst=Tabitha&rft.aulast=King&rft.btitle=Stephen+King.com%3A+Biography&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stephenking.com%2Fbiography.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-bn-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-bn_2-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"error mw-ext-cite-error\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Cite error: The named reference <code>bn</code> was invoked but never defined (see the <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_no_text\" title=\"Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text\">help page</a>).\n</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">King, Stephen (1981). <i><a href=\"/wiki/Danse_Macabre_(book)\" title=\"Danse Macabre (book)\">Danse Macabre</a></i>. Macdonald. p. 117 <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0354046470\" class=\"internal mw-magiclink-isbn\">ISBN 0-354-04647-0</a>. \"My first experience of real horror came at the hands of Ray Bradbury.\"</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/edal/planyourvisit/things2do.htm\">\"Things To Do\"</a> <a href=\"/wiki/National_Park_Service\" title=\"National Park Service\">National Park Service</a>. Retrieved September 29, 2010.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Flood, Alison (April 11, 2011). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/apr/11/stephen-king-william-golding-centenary\">\"Stephen King joins William Golding centenary celebrations\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Guardian\" title=\"The Guardian\">The Guardian</a></i>.</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Interview with <a href=\"/wiki/WCSH6\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"WCSH6\">WCSH6</a> News Center, <a href=\"/wiki/Portland,_Maine\" title=\"Portland, Maine\">Portland, Maine</a>, January 2007</span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-JoBlo-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-JoBlo_7-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-JoBlo_7-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"error mw-ext-cite-error\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Cite error: The named reference <code>JoBlo</code> was invoked but never defined (see the <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_no_text\" title=\"Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text\">help page</a>).\n</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">MacGregor, Paige (October 16, 2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://fandomania.com/interview-urban-fantasy-romance-author-jeaniene-frost-part-1/\">\"Interview: Urban Fantasy Romance Author Jeaniene Frost, Part 1\"</a>. fandomania.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.aufirst=Paige&rft.aulast=MacGregor&rft.btitle=Interview%3A+Urban+Fantasy+Romance+Author+Jeaniene+Frost%2C+Part+1&rft.date=2009-10-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffandomania.com%2Finterview-urban-fantasy-romance-author-jeaniene-frost-part-1%2F&rft.pub=fandomania&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Morgan, Robert (November 22, 2006). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/programmes/newsnight/6174256.stm\">\"Stephen King\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Newsnight\" title=\"Newsnight\">Newsnight</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/BBC\" title=\"BBC\">BBC</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=Stephen+King&rft.au=Morgan%2C+Robert&rft.date=2006-11-22&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Flow%2Fprogrammes%2Fnewsnight%2F6174256.stm&rft.jtitle=Newsnight&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Ebert99-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Ebert99_10-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a href=\"/wiki/Roger_Ebert\" title=\"Roger Ebert\">Ebert, Roger</a> (1999-10-17). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.webcitation.org/5oxExs7Mp\">\"Great Movies: The Shawshank Redemption\"</a>. <i>Chicago Sun-Times</i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19991017/REVIEWS08/910170301/1023\">the original</a> on 2010-04-13<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2010-04-13</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=Great+Movies%3A+The+Shawshank+Redemption&rft.au=Ebert%2C+Roger&rft.date=1999-10-17&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frogerebert.suntimes.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D%2F19991017%2FREVIEWS08%2F910170301%2F1023&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Empire1-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Empire1_11-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Kermode, Mark (August 22, 2004). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2004/aug/22/film\">\"Hope springs eternal\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Guardian\" title=\"The Guardian\">The Guardian</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">September 30,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=Hope+springs+eternal&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.aulast=Kermode&rft.date=2004-08-22&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Ffilm%2F2004%2Faug%2F22%2Ffilm&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Empire500Greatest-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Empire500Greatest_12-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.empireonline.com/500/96.asp\">\"The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time\"</a>. <i>Empire</i>. Bauer Consumer Media. 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">September 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=The+500+Greatest+Movies+of+All+Time&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2F500%2F96.asp&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/awards/nebula.htm\">\"The Nebula Awards\"</a>. <i>Fantastic Fiction</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">March 11,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=The+Nebula+Awards&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fantasticfiction.co.uk%2Fawards%2Fnebula.htm&rft.jtitle=Fantastic+Fiction&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-natbook-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-natbook_14-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.nationalbook.org/amerletters.html\">\"Distinguished Contribution to American Letters\"</a>. <i>National Book Foundation</i>. 2003<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">March 11,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=Distinguished+Contribution+to+American+Letters&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalbook.org%2Famerletters.html&rft.jtitle=National+Book+Foundation&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://clubstephenkinglille.forumactif.com/t1133-recompenses-litteraires-de-stephen-king\">\"FORUMS du CLUB STEPHEN KING (CSK)\"</a>. <i>Forum Stephen King</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">March 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=FORUMS+du+CLUB+STEPHEN+KING+%28CSK%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclubstephenkinglille.forumactif.com%2Ft1133-recompenses-litteraires-de-stephen-king&rft.jtitle=Forum+Stephen+King&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://arts.gov/news/2015/president-obama-award-2014-national-medals-arts\">\"President Obama to Award 2014 National Medals of Arts\"</a>. <i>NEA</i>. National Endowment for the Arts<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">12 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStephen+King&rft.atitle=President+Obama+to+Award+2014+National+Medals+of+Arts&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farts.gov%2Fnews%2F2015%2Fpresident-obama-award-2014-national-medals-arts&rft.jtitle=NEA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span>\n</li>\n</ol>\n"}],"extract":"Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author of contemporary horror, supernatural fiction, suspense, science fiction, and fantasy. His books have sold more than 350 million copies, many of which have been adapted into feature films, miniseries, television shows, and comic books. King has published 54 novels, including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman, and six non-fiction books. He has written nearly 200 short stories, most of which have been collected in book collections. Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine. His novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption was the basis for the movie The Shawshank Redemption which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time.\nKing has received Bram Stoker Awards, World Fantasy Awards, and British Fantasy Society Awards. His novella The Way Station (1980) was a Nebula Award novelette nominee. In 2003, the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters. His short story \"The Man in the Black Suit\" (1994) received the O. Henry Award."}}}} |
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