Regular Expressions to match URL components

url-regex.md

Documentation

1. Scheme - The scheme name consists of a sequence of characters beginning with a letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, +, ., or -. Although schemes are case-insensitive, the canonical form is lowercase and documents that specify schemes must do so with lowercase letters. The scheme name is followed by a colon :.
2. Host Name - Hostname labels may contain only the ASCII letters a through z (in a case-insensitive manner), the digits 0 through 9, and the -. While a hostname may not contain other characters, such as the underscore character _, other DNS names may contain the underscore.
3. Port Number - A port number is a 16-bit unsigned integer, thus ranging from 0 to 65535.
4. Path - If present, may optionally begin with a single forward slash /. It may not begin with two slash characters //. The path is a sequence of segments (conceptually similar to directories, though not necessarily representing them) separated by a forward slash /.
5. Query String -

Individual components

1. protocol - ([\w\.\-\+]+:)
2. username - ([\w\d\.]+)
3. password - ([\w\d\.]+)
4. userinfo - ($username:$password)@
5. hostname - ([a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+)
6. port - (\d{1,5})
7. host - ($hostname:$port)
8. authority - ($userinfo@$host)
9. origin - ($protocol\/{2}$authority)
10. pathname - (\/(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\/\+\%]+)?)
11. search - \?([a-zA-Z0-9=%\-_\.\*&]+)
12. hash - #([a-zA-Z0-9\-=,&%;\/\\"'\?]+)?

Iterations

Version 1

(([\w\.\-\+]+:)\/{2}(([\w\d\.]+):([\w\d\.]+))@(([a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+):(\d{1,5})))?(\/(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\/\+\%]+)?)(?:\?([a-zA-Z0-9=%\-_\.\*&;]+))?(?:#([a-zA-Z0-9\-=,&%;\/\\"'\?]+)?)?

Version 2

(([\w\.\-\+]+:)\/{2}(([\w\d\.]+):([\w\d\.]+))@(([a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+)(?::(\d{1,5}))?))?(\/(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\/\+\%]+)?)(?:\?([a-zA-Z0-9=%\-_\.\*&;]+))?(?:#([a-zA-Z0-9\-=,&%;\/\\"'\?]+)?)?

Version 3 - FINAL

(([\w\.\-\+]+:)\/{2}(([\w\d\.]+):([\w\d\.]+))?@?(([a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+)(?::(\d{1,5}))?))?(\/(?:[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\/\+\%]+)?)(?:\?([a-zA-Z0-9=%\-_\.\*&;]+))?(?:#([a-zA-Z0-9\-=,&%;\/\\"'\?]+)?)?

Test Cases

Full URL

http://user:pass@www.google.com:8000/foo/bar?st=1&lt=10;#/koo9

Without Port

http://user:pass@www.google.com/foo/bar?st=1&lt=10;#/koo9

Without Port and User Info

http://www.google.com/foo/bar?st=1&lt=10;#/koo9

Without Port, User Info and hash

http://www.google.com/foo/bar?st=1&lt=10;

Without Port, User Info, search and hash

http://www.google.com/foo/bar

Without Port, User Info, path, search and hash

http://www.google.com/

Path + Search + Hash

/foo/bar?st=1&lt=10#foo

Path + Search

/foo/bar?st=1&lt=10

Path Only

/foo/bar