D3D11 Triangle in C99

d3d11_triangle.c

#include <assert.h>

#define COBJMACROS
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d11_1.h>
#include <d3dcompiler.h>

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define TITLE "D3D11 Triangle C"

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int main() 
{
        HRESULT hr;

        WNDCLASSA wnd_class = { 0, DefWindowProcA, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, TITLE };
        RegisterClassA(&wnd_class);

        DWORD style = WS_POPUP | WS_MAXIMIZE | WS_VISIBLE;
        HWND window = CreateWindowExA(0, TITLE, TITLE, style, 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
        assert(window);

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL feature_levels[] = { D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1 };
        ID3D11Device* base_device;
        ID3D11DeviceContext* base_ctx;

        hr = D3D11CreateDevice(
                NULL, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, 
                NULL, D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_BGRA_SUPPORT, 
                feature_levels, ARRAYSIZE(feature_levels), 
                D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &base_device, 
                NULL, &base_ctx);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        ID3D11Device1* device;
        hr = ID3D11Device_QueryInterface(base_device, &IID_ID3D11Device1, (void**)(&device));
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        ID3D11DeviceContext1* ctx;
        hr = ID3D11DeviceContext_QueryInterface(base_ctx, &IID_ID3D11DeviceContext1, (void**)&ctx);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        IDXGIDevice1* dxgi_dev;
        hr = ID3D11Device_QueryInterface(device, &IID_IDXGIDevice1, (void**)&dxgi_dev);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        IDXGIAdapter1* adapter;
        hr = IDXGIDevice_GetParent(dxgi_dev, &IID_IDXGIAdapter1, (void**)&adapter);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        IDXGIFactory2* factory;
        hr = IDXGIAdapter1_GetParent(adapter, &IID_IDXGIFactory2, (void**)&factory);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 swapchain_desc = {
                .Format             = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM,
                .SampleDesc         = {.Count = 1},
                .BufferUsage        = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT,
                .BufferCount        = 2,
                .Scaling            = DXGI_SCALING_STRETCH,
                .SwapEffect         = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_DISCARD,
                .AlphaMode          = DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_UNSPECIFIED,
        };

        IDXGISwapChain1* swapchain;
        hr = IDXGIFactory2_CreateSwapChainForHwnd(factory, (IUnknown*)device, window, 
                &swapchain_desc, NULL, NULL, &swapchain);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        ID3D11Texture2D* framebuffer;
        hr = IDXGISwapChain1_GetBuffer(swapchain, 0, &IID_ID3D11Texture2D, (void**)&framebuffer); 
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        D3D11_RENDER_TARGET_VIEW_DESC rtv_desc = {
                .Format        = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM_SRGB,
                .ViewDimension = D3D11_RTV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D,
        }; 

        ID3D11RenderTargetView* rtv;
        hr = ID3D11Device_CreateRenderTargetView(device, (ID3D11Resource*)framebuffer, &rtv_desc, &rtv);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC depth_tex_desc;
        ID3D11Texture2D_GetDesc(framebuffer, &depth_tex_desc); 
        depth_tex_desc.Format    = DXGI_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT;
        depth_tex_desc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL;

        ID3D11Texture2D* depth_tex;
        hr = ID3D11Device_CreateTexture2D(device, &depth_tex_desc, NULL, &depth_tex);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        ID3D11DepthStencilView* dsv;
        ID3D11Device_CreateDepthStencilView(device, (ID3D11Resource*)depth_tex, NULL, &dsv);

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        ID3DBlob* vert_src;
        hr = D3DCompileFromFile(L"tri.hlsl", NULL, NULL, "vert", "vs_5_0", 0, 0, &vert_src, NULL);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        ID3D11VertexShader* vert_shd;
        hr = ID3D11Device_CreateVertexShader(
                device, 
                ID3D10Blob_GetBufferPointer(vert_src), 
                ID3D10Blob_GetBufferSize(vert_src), 
                NULL, 
                &vert_shd);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        ID3DBlob* pix_src;

        hr = D3DCompileFromFile(L"tri.hlsl", NULL, NULL, "pix", "ps_5_0", 0, 0, &pix_src, NULL);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        ID3D11PixelShader* pix_shd;
        hr = ID3D11Device_CreatePixelShader(device, 
                ID3D10Blob_GetBufferPointer(pix_src),
                ID3D10Blob_GetBufferSize(pix_src),
                NULL, 
                &pix_shd);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        D3D11_RASTERIZER_DESC rasterizer_desc = {
                .FillMode = D3D11_FILL_SOLID,
                .CullMode = D3D11_CULL_BACK,
        };

        ID3D11RasterizerState* raster_state;
        hr = ID3D11Device_CreateRasterizerState(device, &rasterizer_desc, &raster_state);
        assert(SUCCEEDED(hr));

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_DESC depth_stencil_desc = {
                .DepthEnable    = TRUE,
                .DepthWriteMask = D3D11_DEPTH_WRITE_MASK_ALL,
                .DepthFunc      = D3D11_COMPARISON_LESS,
        };

        ID3D11DepthStencilState* depth_stencil_state;
        ID3D11Device_CreateDepthStencilState(device, &depth_stencil_desc, &depth_stencil_state);

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        float clear_color[4] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
        float width = (float)depth_tex_desc.Width;
        float height = (float)depth_tex_desc.Height;
        D3D11_VIEWPORT viewport = { 0.0f, 0.0f, width, height, 0.0f, 1.0f };

        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        for (;;) {
                MSG msg;

                while (PeekMessageA(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) {
                        if (msg.message == WM_KEYDOWN && msg.wParam == VK_ESCAPE) {
                                return 0;
                        }
                        DispatchMessageA(&msg);
                }

                ID3D11DeviceContext_ClearRenderTargetView(ctx, rtv, clear_color);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_ClearDepthStencilView(ctx, dsv, D3D11_CLEAR_DEPTH, 1.0f, 0);

                ID3D11DeviceContext_IASetPrimitiveTopology(ctx, D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_VSSetShader(ctx, vert_shd, NULL, 0);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_RSSetViewports(ctx, 1, &viewport);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_RSSetState(ctx, raster_state);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_PSSetShader(ctx, pix_shd, NULL, 0);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_OMSetRenderTargets(ctx, 1, &rtv, dsv);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_OMSetDepthStencilState(ctx, depth_stencil_state, 0);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_OMSetBlendState(ctx, NULL, NULL, 0xffffffff);
                ID3D11DeviceContext_Draw(ctx, 3, 0);

                IDXGISwapChain_Present(swapchain, 1, 0);
        }
}

tri.hlsl

struct PixelData {
        float4 position : SV_POSITION;
        float4 color    : COL;
};

PixelData vert(uint v: SV_VertexID)
{
        float2 positions[3] = { float2(0.5, -0.5), float2(-0.5, -0.5), float2(0.0, 0.5) };
        PixelData pd;
        pd.color = float4(v==0, v==1, v==2, 1.0);
        pd.position = float4(positions[v], 0.0, 1);
        return pd;
}

float4 pix(PixelData pd) : SV_TARGET
{
        return pd.color;
}

Roughly based on d7samurai's C++ examples, such as https://gist.github.com/d7samurai/1e9a1f1a366740f7d8a3a20397fcfa6b

Compiling: zig cc -o d3d11_triangle.exe d3d11_triangle.c -ld3d11 -ld3dcompiler_47