My-Unix-shortcuts.md

My Unix shortcuts and tips

• Bash
• Git
• Vim
  • Vimdidd
• Tmux
• Mac

Bash

How to list disks and partitions

sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL

Searching a string within a directory

grep -Inri "<keyword to search for>" .

Show all files' name and content

find . -type f -exec sh -c "echo '{}'; cat {}; echo '\n'" \;

Show how many files each folder contains

find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec sh -c "echo {} \`ls {} | wc -l;\`" \;

Groups

List groups for user

groups <user>

Add new group

groupadd <group>

Add user to (secondary) group

usermod -aG <group> <user>

Group belongness inheritance

chmod g+s <folder>

Accessing permission for folders

find <folder> -type d -exec chmod g+s {} +

Ssh without password

a@A ~ $ ssh-keygen -t rsa
a@A ~ $ ssh b@B mkdir -p .ssh
a@A ~ $ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh b@B 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'
a@A ~ $ ssh b@B

Killing a process

ps -a | grep <program to kill>
kill 9 <ID of program to kill>

Checking size

du -chs *

Get info on process (RAM, time)

/usr/bin/time -v <running instruction>

Tar and untar

tar -czf myTar.tar.gz <files>
tar -xf myTar.tar.gz

Add -v for verbose output.

Logout users

who -u
kill "pid"

Ubuntu packages

Know if package is installed

apt-cache pkgnames <packageName>

Know what a package installs

dpkg -L <packageName>

Discover what shared objects are used

lld <library/executable>

Git

Reset HEAD to origin/master

git fetch origin
git reset --hard origin/master

Reset HEAD to last commit

git reset --hard

Show branch status

git fetch origin
git show origin master

Partial stash (no idea of what this does anymore)

git add fileName
git stash --keep-index

Tracking history

git log --decorate --graph -p -- fileName
git blame fileName

Remove untracked files (and directories) (and ignored files -x)

git clean -fd

Start commit message with #

git commit --cleanup=whitespace

And, you have to manually remove every "comment" line starting with #

See what you've merged

git diff <oldHash> <newHash> --stat
git diff <oldHash> <newHash> -- fileName

Discard untracked changes

In order to keep only the added changes do

git stash --keep-index

Full diff, word by word

git diff --color-words -U9999999

Pruning on-the-fly

git fetch -p

Forget/remember to track files

git update-index --assume-unchanged <file>
git update-index --no-assume-unchanged <file>

Vim

Removing trailing whitespaces

:%s/\s\+$

Pasting yanked text while in insert mode

<c>-R 0

Exploring file's location / split and explore

:Ex
:Sex

Show command and search history

q:
q/

Find within a project (excluding binaries)

:grep -rI "<text>" .
:cw

Vimdiff

Sourcing correct file during conflict

:diffg RE/BA/LO

Previous and next conflict

[c
]c

Tmux

Move windows around

move-window -t <nb>

Attach and disattach others

tmux attach -d

Mac

Show and hide hidden files in Finder

defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUE
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles FALSE
killall Finder