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March 24, 2023 14:44
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❯ pwsh --help | |
Usage: pwsh[.exe] [-Login] [[-File] <filePath> [args]] | |
[-Command { - | <script-block> [-args <arg-array>] | |
| <string> [<CommandParameters>] } ] | |
[-ConfigurationName <string>] [-ConfigurationFile <filePath>] | |
[-CustomPipeName <string>] [-EncodedCommand <Base64EncodedCommand>] | |
[-ExecutionPolicy <ExecutionPolicy>] [-InputFormat {Text | XML}] | |
[-Interactive] [-MTA] [-NoExit] [-NoLogo] [-NonInteractive] [-NoProfile] | |
[-NoProfileLoadTime] [-OutputFormat {Text | XML}] | |
[-SettingsFile <filePath>] [-SSHServerMode] [-STA] | |
[-Version] [-WindowStyle <style>] | |
[-WorkingDirectory <directoryPath>] | |
pwsh[.exe] -h | -Help | -? | /? | |
PowerShell Online Help https://aka.ms/powershell-docs | |
All parameters are case-insensitive. | |
-File | -f | |
If the value of File is "-", the command text is read from standard input. | |
Running "pwsh -File -" without redirected standard input starts a regular | |
session. This is the same as not specifying the File parameter at all. | |
This is the default parameter if no parameters are present but values are | |
present in the command line. The specified script runs in the local scope | |
("dot-sourced"), so that the functions and variables that the script | |
creates are available in the current session. Enter the script file path | |
and any parameters. File must be the last parameter in the command, because | |
all characters typed after the File parameter name are interpreted as the | |
script file path followed by the script parameters. | |
Typically, the switch parameters of a script are either included or | |
omitted. For example, the following command uses the All parameter of the | |
Get-Script.ps1 script file: "-File .\Get-Script.ps1 -All" | |
In rare cases, you might need to provide a BOOLEAN value for a switch | |
parameter. To provide a BOOLEAN value for a switch parameter in the value | |
of the FILE parameter, Use the parameter normally followed immediately by a | |
colon and the boolean value, such as the following: | |
"-File .\Get-Script.ps1 -All:$False". | |
Parameters passed to the script are passed as literal strings, after | |
interpretation by the current shell. For example, if you are in cmd.exe and | |
want to pass an environment variable value, you would use the cmd.exe | |
syntax: "pwsh -File .\test.ps1 -TestParam %windir%" | |
In contrast, running "pwsh -File .\test.ps1 -TestParam $env:windir" in | |
cmd.exe results in the script receiving the literal string "$env:windir" | |
because it has no special meaning to the current cmd.exe shell. The | |
"$env:windir" style of environment variable reference can be used inside a | |
Command parameter, since there it is interpreted as PowerShell code. | |
Similarly, if you want to execute the same command from a Batch script, | |
you would use "%~dp0" instead of ".\" or "$PSScriptRoot" to represent the current | |
execution directory: "pwsh -File %~dp0test.ps1 -TestParam %windir%". If you | |
instead used ".\test.ps1", PowerShell would throw an error because it cannot | |
find the literal path ".\test.ps1". | |
When the script file invoked terminates with an exit command, the process | |
exit code is set to the numeric argument used with the exit command. With | |
normal termination, the exit code is always 0. | |
Similar to -Command, when a script-terminating error occurs, the exit code | |
is set to 1. However, unlike with -Command, when the execution is | |
interrupted with Ctrl-C the exit code is 0. | |
-Command | -c | |
Executes the specified commands (and any parameters) as though they were | |
typed at the PowerShell command prompt, and then exits, unless the NoExit | |
parameter is specified. | |
The value of Command can be "-", a script block, or a string. If the value | |
of Command is "-", the command text is read from standard input. | |
The Command parameter only accepts a script block for execution when it can | |
recognize the value passed to Command as a ScriptBlock type. This is only | |
possible when running pwsh from another PowerShell host. The ScriptBlock | |
type may be contained in an existing variable, returned from an expression, | |
or parsed by the PowerShell host as a literal script block enclosed in | |
curly braces "{}", before being passed to pwsh. | |
pwsh -Command {Get-WinEvent -LogName security} | |
In cmd.exe, there is no such thing as a script block (or ScriptBlock type), | |
so the value passed to Command will always be a string. You can write a | |
script block inside the string, but instead of being executed it will | |
behave exactly as though you typed it at a typical PowerShell prompt, | |
printing the contents of the script block back out to you. | |
A string passed to Command is still executed as PowerShell script, so the | |
script block curly braces are often not required in the first place when | |
running from cmd.exe. To execute an inline script block defined inside a | |
string, the call operator "&" can be used: | |
pwsh -Command "& {Get-WinEvent -LogName security}" | |
If the value of Command is a string, Command must be the last parameter for | |
pwsh, because all arguments following it are interpreted as part of the | |
command to execute. | |
When called from within an existing PowerShell session, the results are | |
returned to the parent shell as deserialized XML objects, not live objects. | |
For other shells, the results are returned as strings. | |
If the value of Command is "-", the command text is read from standard | |
input. You must redirect standard input when using the Command parameter | |
with standard input. For example: | |
@' | |
"in" | |
"hi" | | |
% { "$_ there" } | |
"out" | |
'@ | powershell -NoProfile -Command - | |
This example produces the following output: | |
in | |
hi there | |
out | |
The process exit code is determined by status of the last (executed) | |
command within the script block. The exit code is 0 when $? is $true or 1 | |
when $? is $false. If the last command is an external program or a | |
PowerShell script that explicitly sets an exit code other than 0 or 1, that | |
exit code is converted to 1 for process exit code. To preserve the specific | |
exit code, add exit $LASTEXITCODE to your command string or script block. | |
Similarly, the value 1 is returned when a script-terminating | |
(runspace-terminating) error, such as a throw or -ErrorAction Stop, occurs | |
or when execution is interrupted with Ctrl-C. | |
-ConfigurationName | -config | |
Specifies a configuration endpoint in which PowerShell is run. This can be | |
any endpoint registered on the local machine including the default | |
PowerShell remoting endpoints or a custom endpoint having specific user | |
role capabilities. | |
Example: "pwsh -ConfigurationName AdminRoles" | |
-ConfigurationFile | |
Specifies a session configuration (.pssc) file path. The configuration | |
contained in the configuration file will be applied to the PowerShell | |
session. | |
Example: "pwsh -ConfigurationFile "C:\ProgramData\PowerShell\MyConfig.pssc" | |
-CustomPipeName | |
Specifies the name to use for an additional IPC server (named pipe) used | |
for debugging and other cross-process communication. This offers a | |
predictable mechanism for connecting to other PowerShell instances. | |
Typically used with the CustomPipeName parameter on "Enter-PSHostProcess". | |
This parameter was introduced in PowerShell 6.2. | |
For example: | |
# PowerShell instance 1 | |
pwsh -CustomPipeName mydebugpipe | |
# PowerShell instance 2 | |
Enter-PSHostProcess -CustomPipeName mydebugpipe | |
-EncodedCommand | -e | -ec | |
Accepts a Base64-encoded string version of a command. Use this parameter to | |
submit commands to PowerShell that require complex, nested quoting. The | |
Base64 representation must be a UTF-16 encoded string. | |
For example: | |
$command = 'dir "c:\program files" ' | |
$bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes($command) | |
$encodedCommand = [Convert]::ToBase64String($bytes) | |
pwsh -encodedcommand $encodedCommand | |
-ExecutionPolicy | -ex | -ep | |
Sets the default execution policy for the current session and saves it in | |
the $env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference environment variable. This parameter | |
does not change the persistently configured execution policies. | |
This parameter only applies to Windows computers. The | |
$env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference environment variable does not exist on | |
non-Windows platforms. | |
-InputFormat | -inp | -if | |
Describes the format of data sent to PowerShell. Valid values are "Text" | |
(text strings) or "XML" (serialized CLIXML format). | |
-Interactive | -i | |
Present an interactive prompt to the user. Inverse for NonInteractive | |
parameter. | |
-Login | -l | |
On Linux and macOS, starts PowerShell as a login shell, using /bin/sh to | |
execute login profiles such as /etc/profile and ~/.profile. On Windows, | |
this switch does nothing. | |
[!IMPORTANT] This parameter must come first to start PowerShell as a login | |
shell. The parameter is ignored if passed in any other position. | |
To set up pwsh as the login shell on UNIX-like operating systems: | |
- Verify that the full absolute path to pwsh is listed under /etc/shells | |
- This path is usually something like /usr/bin/pwsh on Linux or | |
/usr/local/bin/pwsh on macOS | |
- With some installation methods, this entry will be added | |
automatically at installation time | |
- If pwsh is not present in /etc/shells, use an editor to append the | |
path to pwsh on the last line. This requires elevated privileges to | |
edit. | |
- Use the chsh utility to set your current user's shell to pwsh: | |
chsh -s /usr/bin/pwsh | |
[!WARNING] Setting pwsh as the login shell is currently not supported on | |
Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), and attempting to set pwsh as the | |
login shell there may lead to being unable to start WSL interactively. | |
-MTA | |
Start PowerShell using a multi-threaded apartment. This switch is only | |
available on Windows. | |
-NoExit | -noe | |
Does not exit after running startup commands. | |
Example: "pwsh -NoExit -Command Get-Date" | |
-NoLogo | -nol | |
Hides the banner text at startup of interactive sessions. | |
-NonInteractive | -noni | |
Does not present an interactive prompt to the user. Any attempts to use | |
interactive features, like Read-Host or confirmation prompts, result in | |
statement-terminating errors. | |
-NoProfile | -nop | |
Does not load the PowerShell profiles. | |
-NoProfileLoadTime | |
Hides the PowerShell profile load time text shown at startup when the load | |
time exceeds 500 milliseconds. | |
-OutputFormat | -o | -of | |
Determines how output from PowerShell is formatted. Valid values are "Text" | |
(text strings) or "XML" (serialized CLIXML format). | |
Example: "pwsh -o XML -c Get-Date" | |
When called withing a PowerShell session, you get deserialized objects as | |
output rather plain strings. When called from other shells, the output is | |
string data formatted as CLIXML text. | |
-SettingsFile | -settings | |
Overrides the system-wide "powershell.config.json" settings file for the | |
session. By default, system-wide settings are read from the | |
"powershell.config.json" in the "$PSHOME" directory. | |
Note that these settings are not used by the endpoint specified by the | |
"-ConfigurationName" argument. | |
Example: "pwsh -SettingsFile c:\myproject\powershell.config.json" | |
-SSHServerMode | -sshs | |
Used in sshd_config for running PowerShell as an SSH subsystem. It is not | |
intended or supported for any other use. | |
-STA | |
Start PowerShell using a single-threaded apartment. This is the default. | |
This switch is only available on Windows. | |
-Version | -v | |
Displays the version of PowerShell. Additional parameters are ignored. | |
-WindowStyle | -w | |
Sets the window style for the session. Valid values are Normal, Minimized, | |
Maximized and Hidden. | |
-WorkingDirectory | -wd | |
Sets the initial working directory by executing at startup. Any valid | |
PowerShell file path is supported. | |
To start PowerShell in your home directory, use: pwsh -WorkingDirectory ~ | |
-Help, -?, /? | |
Displays help for pwsh. If you are typing a pwsh command in PowerShell, | |
prepend the command parameters with a hyphen (-), not a forward slash (/). | |
~/Downloads/eclipse on ☁️ (us-east-1) | |
❯ pwsh --help | |
Usage: pwsh[.exe] [-Login] [[-File] <filePath> [args]] | |
[-Command { - | <script-block> [-args <arg-array>] | |
| <string> [<CommandParameters>] } ] | |
[-ConfigurationName <string>] [-ConfigurationFile <filePath>] | |
[-CustomPipeName <string>] [-EncodedCommand <Base64EncodedCommand>] | |
[-ExecutionPolicy <ExecutionPolicy>] [-InputFormat {Text | XML}] | |
[-Interactive] [-MTA] [-NoExit] [-NoLogo] [-NonInteractive] [-NoProfile] | |
[-NoProfileLoadTime] [-OutputFormat {Text | XML}] | |
[-SettingsFile <filePath>] [-SSHServerMode] [-STA] | |
[-Version] [-WindowStyle <style>] | |
[-WorkingDirectory <directoryPath>] | |
pwsh[.exe] -h | -Help | -? | /? | |
PowerShell Online Help https://aka.ms/powershell-docs | |
All parameters are case-insensitive. | |
-File | -f | |
If the value of File is "-", the command text is read from standard input. | |
Running "pwsh -File -" without redirected standard input starts a regular | |
session. This is the same as not specifying the File parameter at all. | |
This is the default parameter if no parameters are present but values are | |
present in the command line. The specified script runs in the local scope | |
("dot-sourced"), so that the functions and variables that the script | |
creates are available in the current session. Enter the script file path | |
and any parameters. File must be the last parameter in the command, because | |
all characters typed after the File parameter name are interpreted as the | |
script file path followed by the script parameters. | |
Typically, the switch parameters of a script are either included or | |
omitted. For example, the following command uses the All parameter of the | |
Get-Script.ps1 script file: "-File .\Get-Script.ps1 -All" | |
In rare cases, you might need to provide a BOOLEAN value for a switch | |
parameter. To provide a BOOLEAN value for a switch parameter in the value | |
of the FILE parameter, Use the parameter normally followed immediately by a | |
colon and the boolean value, such as the following: | |
"-File .\Get-Script.ps1 -All:$False". | |
Parameters passed to the script are passed as literal strings, after | |
interpretation by the current shell. For example, if you are in cmd.exe and | |
want to pass an environment variable value, you would use the cmd.exe | |
syntax: "pwsh -File .\test.ps1 -TestParam %windir%" | |
In contrast, running "pwsh -File .\test.ps1 -TestParam $env:windir" in | |
cmd.exe results in the script receiving the literal string "$env:windir" | |
because it has no special meaning to the current cmd.exe shell. The | |
"$env:windir" style of environment variable reference can be used inside a | |
Command parameter, since there it is interpreted as PowerShell code. | |
Similarly, if you want to execute the same command from a Batch script, | |
you would use "%~dp0" instead of ".\" or "$PSScriptRoot" to represent the current | |
execution directory: "pwsh -File %~dp0test.ps1 -TestParam %windir%". If you | |
instead used ".\test.ps1", PowerShell would throw an error because it cannot | |
find the literal path ".\test.ps1". | |
When the script file invoked terminates with an exit command, the process | |
exit code is set to the numeric argument used with the exit command. With | |
normal termination, the exit code is always 0. | |
Similar to -Command, when a script-terminating error occurs, the exit code | |
is set to 1. However, unlike with -Command, when the execution is | |
interrupted with Ctrl-C the exit code is 0. | |
-Command | -c | |
Executes the specified commands (and any parameters) as though they were | |
typed at the PowerShell command prompt, and then exits, unless the NoExit | |
parameter is specified. | |
The value of Command can be "-", a script block, or a string. If the value | |
of Command is "-", the command text is read from standard input. | |
The Command parameter only accepts a script block for execution when it can | |
recognize the value passed to Command as a ScriptBlock type. This is only | |
possible when running pwsh from another PowerShell host. The ScriptBlock | |
type may be contained in an existing variable, returned from an expression, | |
or parsed by the PowerShell host as a literal script block enclosed in | |
curly braces "{}", before being passed to pwsh. | |
pwsh -Command {Get-WinEvent -LogName security} | |
In cmd.exe, there is no such thing as a script block (or ScriptBlock type), | |
so the value passed to Command will always be a string. You can write a | |
script block inside the string, but instead of being executed it will | |
behave exactly as though you typed it at a typical PowerShell prompt, | |
printing the contents of the script block back out to you. | |
A string passed to Command is still executed as PowerShell script, so the | |
script block curly braces are often not required in the first place when | |
running from cmd.exe. To execute an inline script block defined inside a | |
string, the call operator "&" can be used: | |
pwsh -Command "& {Get-WinEvent -LogName security}" | |
If the value of Command is a string, Command must be the last parameter for | |
pwsh, because all arguments following it are interpreted as part of the | |
command to execute. | |
When called from within an existing PowerShell session, the results are | |
returned to the parent shell as deserialized XML objects, not live objects. | |
For other shells, the results are returned as strings. | |
If the value of Command is "-", the command text is read from standard | |
input. You must redirect standard input when using the Command parameter | |
with standard input. For example: | |
@' | |
"in" | |
"hi" | | |
% { "$_ there" } | |
"out" | |
'@ | powershell -NoProfile -Command - | |
This example produces the following output: | |
in | |
hi there | |
out | |
The process exit code is determined by status of the last (executed) | |
command within the script block. The exit code is 0 when $? is $true or 1 | |
when $? is $false. If the last command is an external program or a | |
PowerShell script that explicitly sets an exit code other than 0 or 1, that | |
exit code is converted to 1 for process exit code. To preserve the specific | |
exit code, add exit $LASTEXITCODE to your command string or script block. | |
Similarly, the value 1 is returned when a script-terminating | |
(runspace-terminating) error, such as a throw or -ErrorAction Stop, occurs | |
or when execution is interrupted with Ctrl-C. | |
-ConfigurationName | -config | |
Specifies a configuration endpoint in which PowerShell is run. This can be | |
any endpoint registered on the local machine including the default | |
PowerShell remoting endpoints or a custom endpoint having specific user | |
role capabilities. | |
Example: "pwsh -ConfigurationName AdminRoles" | |
-ConfigurationFile | |
Specifies a session configuration (.pssc) file path. The configuration | |
contained in the configuration file will be applied to the PowerShell | |
session. | |
Example: "pwsh -ConfigurationFile "C:\ProgramData\PowerShell\MyConfig.pssc" | |
-CustomPipeName | |
Specifies the name to use for an additional IPC server (named pipe) used | |
for debugging and other cross-process communication. This offers a | |
predictable mechanism for connecting to other PowerShell instances. | |
Typically used with the CustomPipeName parameter on "Enter-PSHostProcess". | |
This parameter was introduced in PowerShell 6.2. | |
For example: | |
# PowerShell instance 1 | |
pwsh -CustomPipeName mydebugpipe | |
# PowerShell instance 2 | |
Enter-PSHostProcess -CustomPipeName mydebugpipe | |
-EncodedCommand | -e | -ec | |
Accepts a Base64-encoded string version of a command. Use this parameter to | |
submit commands to PowerShell that require complex, nested quoting. The | |
Base64 representation must be a UTF-16 encoded string. | |
For example: | |
$command = 'dir "c:\program files" ' | |
$bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes($command) | |
$encodedCommand = [Convert]::ToBase64String($bytes) | |
pwsh -encodedcommand $encodedCommand | |
-ExecutionPolicy | -ex | -ep | |
Sets the default execution policy for the current session and saves it in | |
the $env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference environment variable. This parameter | |
does not change the persistently configured execution policies. | |
This parameter only applies to Windows computers. The | |
$env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference environment variable does not exist on | |
non-Windows platforms. | |
-InputFormat | -inp | -if | |
Describes the format of data sent to PowerShell. Valid values are "Text" | |
(text strings) or "XML" (serialized CLIXML format). | |
-Interactive | -i | |
Present an interactive prompt to the user. Inverse for NonInteractive | |
parameter. | |
-Login | -l | |
On Linux and macOS, starts PowerShell as a login shell, using /bin/sh to | |
execute login profiles such as /etc/profile and ~/.profile. On Windows, | |
this switch does nothing. | |
[!IMPORTANT] This parameter must come first to start PowerShell as a login | |
shell. The parameter is ignored if passed in any other position. | |
To set up pwsh as the login shell on UNIX-like operating systems: | |
- Verify that the full absolute path to pwsh is listed under /etc/shells | |
- This path is usually something like /usr/bin/pwsh on Linux or | |
/usr/local/bin/pwsh on macOS | |
- With some installation methods, this entry will be added | |
automatically at installation time | |
- If pwsh is not present in /etc/shells, use an editor to append the | |
path to pwsh on the last line. This requires elevated privileges to | |
edit. | |
- Use the chsh utility to set your current user's shell to pwsh: | |
chsh -s /usr/bin/pwsh | |
[!WARNING] Setting pwsh as the login shell is currently not supported on | |
Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), and attempting to set pwsh as the | |
login shell there may lead to being unable to start WSL interactively. | |
-MTA | |
Start PowerShell using a multi-threaded apartment. This switch is only | |
available on Windows. | |
-NoExit | -noe | |
Does not exit after running startup commands. | |
Example: "pwsh -NoExit -Command Get-Date" | |
-NoLogo | -nol | |
Hides the banner text at startup of interactive sessions. | |
-NonInteractive | -noni | |
Does not present an interactive prompt to the user. Any attempts to use | |
interactive features, like Read-Host or confirmation prompts, result in | |
statement-terminating errors. | |
-NoProfile | -nop | |
Does not load the PowerShell profiles. | |
-NoProfileLoadTime | |
Hides the PowerShell profile load time text shown at startup when the load | |
time exceeds 500 milliseconds. | |
-OutputFormat | -o | -of | |
Determines how output from PowerShell is formatted. Valid values are "Text" | |
(text strings) or "XML" (serialized CLIXML format). | |
Example: "pwsh -o XML -c Get-Date" | |
When called withing a PowerShell session, you get deserialized objects as | |
output rather plain strings. When called from other shells, the output is | |
string data formatted as CLIXML text. | |
-SettingsFile | -settings | |
Overrides the system-wide "powershell.config.json" settings file for the | |
session. By default, system-wide settings are read from the | |
"powershell.config.json" in the "$PSHOME" directory. | |
Note that these settings are not used by the endpoint specified by the | |
"-ConfigurationName" argument. | |
Example: "pwsh -SettingsFile c:\myproject\powershell.config.json" | |
-SSHServerMode | -sshs | |
Used in sshd_config for running PowerShell as an SSH subsystem. It is not | |
intended or supported for any other use. | |
-STA | |
Start PowerShell using a single-threaded apartment. This is the default. | |
This switch is only available on Windows. | |
-Version | -v | |
Displays the version of PowerShell. Additional parameters are ignored. | |
-WindowStyle | -w | |
Sets the window style for the session. Valid values are Normal, Minimized, | |
Maximized and Hidden. | |
-WorkingDirectory | -wd | |
Sets the initial working directory by executing at startup. Any valid | |
PowerShell file path is supported. | |
To start PowerShell in your home directory, use: pwsh -WorkingDirectory ~ | |
-Help, -?, /? | |
Displays help for pwsh. If you are typing a pwsh command in PowerShell, | |
prepend the command parameters with a hyphen (-), not a forward slash (/). |
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