Get the cyclic properties of a datetime, represented as points on the unit circle.

datetime_cycles.py

from datetime import datetime
from math import sin, cos, pi

days_in_month = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]

def sin_cos(n):
    theta = 2 * pi * n
    return (sin(theta), cos(theta))

def get_cycles(d):
    '''
    Get the cyclic properties of a datetime,
    represented as points on the unit circle.

    Arguments
    ---------
    d : datetime object

    Returns
    -------
    dictionary of sine and cosine tuples
    '''
    month = d.month - 1
    day = d.day - 1
    return {
        'month': sin_cos(month / 12),
        'day': sin_cos(day / days_in_month[month]),
        'weekday': sin_cos(d.weekday() / 7),
        'hour': sin_cos(d.hour / 24),
        'minute': sin_cos(d.minute / 60),
        'second': sin_cos(d.second / 60)
    }


get_cycles(datetime(2018, 6, 3, 16, 51, 53))
# {
#     'month': (0.49999999999999994, -0.8660254037844387),
#     'day': (0.40673664307580015, 0.9135454576426009),
#     'weekday': (-0.7818314824680299, 0.6234898018587334),
#     'hour': (-0.8660254037844384, -0.5000000000000004),
#     'minute': (-0.8090169943749476, 0.5877852522924729),
#     'second': (-0.6691306063588588, 0.7431448254773937)
# }