Decoding Azure AD Access Tokens with Python and PyJWT 2.4.x Associated blogpost https://blog.darrenjrobinson.com/decoding-azure-ad-access-tokens-with-python/

Query Microsoft Graph with Python and Decode AAD Access Token.py

import msal
import jwt
import json
import sys
import requests
from datetime import datetime

global accessToken
global requestHeaders
global tokenExpiry

accessToken = None
requestHeaders = None
tokenExpiry = None

graphURI = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'
tenantID = 'your AzureAD Tenant ID'
authority = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/' + tenantID
clientID = 'client ID of your AAD Registered App'
scope = ['https://graph.microsoft.com/.default']
thumbprint = 'CertThumbprint'
certfile = '.\\path to\\PEM certfile.pem'
queryUser = "userx@yourTenant.onmicrosoft.com"

def msal_certificate_auth(clientID, scope, authority, thumbprint, certfile):      
    app = msal.ConfidentialClientApplication(clientID, authority=authority, client_credential={"thumbprint": thumbprint, "private_key": open(certfile).read()}) 
    result = app.acquire_token_for_client(scopes=scope)
    return result 

def msgraph_request(resource, requestHeaders):
    # Request
    results = requests.get(resource, headers=requestHeaders).json()
    return results

def msal_jwt_expiry(accessToken): 
    alg = jwt.get_unverified_header(accessToken['access_token'])['alg']
    decodedAccessToken = jwt.decode(accessToken['access_token'], algorithms=[alg], options={"verify_signature": False})
    accessTokenFormatted = json.dumps(decodedAccessToken, indent=2) 

    # Token Expiry 
    tokenExpiry = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(decodedAccessToken['exp'])) 
    print("Token Expires at: " + str(tokenExpiry)) 
    return tokenExpiry 

# Auth
try:
    if not accessToken:
        try:
            # Get a new Access Token using Client Credentials Flow and a Self Signed Certificate
            accessToken = msal_certificate_auth(clientID, scope, authority, thumbprint, certfile)
            requestHeaders = {
                'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + accessToken['access_token']}
        except Exception as err:
            print('Error acquiring authorization token. Check your tenantID, clientID and certficate thumbprint.')
            print(err)
    if accessToken:
        # Example of checking token expiry time to expire in the next 10 minutes
        alg = jwt.get_unverified_header(accessToken['access_token'])['alg']
        decodedAccessToken = jwt.decode(accessToken['access_token'], algorithms=[alg], options={"verify_signature": False})
        accessTokenFormatted = json.dumps(decodedAccessToken, indent=2)
        print("Decoded Access Token")
        print(accessTokenFormatted)

        # Token Expiry
        tokenExpiry = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(decodedAccessToken["exp"])
        print('Token Expiry: ' + str(tokenExpiry))
        now = datetime.utcnow()
        time_to_expiry = tokenExpiry - now

        if time_to_expiry.seconds < 600:
            print("Access Token Expiring Soon. Renewing Access Token.")
            accessToken = msal_certificate_auth(clientID, scope, authority, thumbprint, certfile)
            requestHeaders = {'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + accessToken['access_token']}
        else:
            minutesToExpiry = time_to_expiry.seconds / 60
            print("Access Token Expires in '" + str(minutesToExpiry) +" minutes'")

except Exception as err:
    print(err)

# Query
if requestHeaders and accessToken:
    queryResults = msgraph_request(graphURI + '/beta/users/'+queryUser,requestHeaders)
    try:
        print(json.dumps(queryResults, indent=2))
    except Exception as err:
        print(err)