ilo-pona.txt

a
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: A priori, possibly onomatopoeic
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• (emotion word) ah, oh, uh, ha
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• (adds emphasis) ah, yes, really, indeed
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Often used repeatedly (e.g 'a a a') to signify laughter

akesi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch hagedis ('lizard')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• reptile, amphibian, non-cute animal

ala
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian არა (ara, 'no')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• nothing, zero
• negation
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• no
• not
• alone
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• no!
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
When used between two instances of a verb, it creates a question. Example:
ona li kama ala kama? Is he coming?

alasa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French à la chasse ('hunting')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• gather, harvest
• hunt
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• try, attempt
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Its use as a preverb is contested

ali
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch alle ('all')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• everything, anything
• life
• universe
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• all, every
• complete, whole
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Synonymous with ale

anpa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French en bas ('below')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• bottom, underside
• floor
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• low, bottom
• down

ante
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch ander ('other, different')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• difference
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• change, alter, modify
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• different, modified
• other

anu
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian ან (an, 'or')
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• or
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Can be used at the start of a sentence with 'la'

awen
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch houden ('to keep')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (without e) stay, remain
• (with e) keep
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• still, state of unchanging
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• remaining, permanent
• stationary, sedentary
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• (contested) continue, keep on

e
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: A priori
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• direct object marker
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
This is placed before the direct object. Example:
mi olin e sina. I love you.
It can also be used twice in a sentence to mark multiple objects, similar to using 'and' in English. Example:
mi olin e jan e soweli.
I love people and animals.

en
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch en ('and')
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• and
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Used to connect subjects (not verbs, clauses or objects). For example: sina en mi li lape is correct, but not mi moku en lape.

esun
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Possibly Akan in origin
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• shop, market, store, business, bazaar
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (without e) shop, do business
• (with e) trade in/sell [something]

ijo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto io ('something')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• thing, object, stuff
• something, anything
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• objectify

ike
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish ilkeä ('bad'), possibly influenced by English icky
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• negativity
• badness, evil
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• make bad, worsen
• be bad, suck
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• bad, wrong, evil, negative
• complex, difficult
• unhealthy
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• oh dear, oh no
• woe, alas

ilo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto ilo ('tool')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• tool
• device
• machine

insa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin insait ('inside'), from English inside
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• inside
• centre
• stomach
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• inner, internal

jaki
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English yucky
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• dirt, filth
• garbage, pollution
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• pollute, make dirty
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• gross, disgusting
• dirty, filthy
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• ew, yuck

jan
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Cantonese 人 (jan4, 'person')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• person, human
• somebody, anybody
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• personify, humanise
• personalise
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• human
• personal

jelo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English yellow
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• yellow
• light-green
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• yellow colour
• light-green colour

jo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Chinese 有 (you3, 'have')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• ave
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• possession

kala
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish kala ('fish')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• fish
• sea creature
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (contested) swim

kalama
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian galama ('fuss, noise')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• sound, noise
• voice
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (with e) sound, ring, play [an instrument]
• (without e) make noise

kama
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin kamap, from English come up
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• arrival, beginning
• event, happening
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• come, arrive, happen
• become
• start, manage to
• (with e) bring about, summon
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• coming, future

kasi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish kasvi ('plant')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• plant, herb, tree
• leaf
• wood
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• herbal, plant-like

ken
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin ken, from English can
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• possibility
• ability
• permission
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (with e) allow
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• can, able to
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• possible
• permitted, allowed

kepeken
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch gebruiken ('use')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• use, utilise
ᴘʀᴇᴘᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ
• using, with

kili
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian ხილი (xili, 'fruit')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• fruit
• pulpy vegetable
• mushroom

kin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish -kin ('too, also')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• too, also
• even
• indeed
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
This word emphasises the word(s) before it and can thus be translated into English in various different ways.

kiwen
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish kiven, genitive singular of kivi ('stone')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• hard thing
• rock, stone, mineral
• metal
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• hard, solid

ko
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Cantonese 膏 (gou1, 'cream, paste')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• semi-solid or squishy substance (e.g clay, paste, gum)

kon
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Chinese 空氣 (kong1qi4, 'air')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• air, wind
• smell, scent
• soul
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• ethereal
• gaseous

kule
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: French couleur ('colour')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• colour
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• colour, paint
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• colourful
• (slang, contested) of or related to the LGBTQ+ community

kulupu
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tongan kulupu, from English group
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• group
• community, society
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• communal, shared, public

kute
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French écouter ('listen')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• hear
• listen
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• auditory, hearing
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• (contested) ear

la
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto la ('the')
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• (topic marker)
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
This particle can play many roles in a sentence. In general, it establishes a connection between the preceding and following parts of the sentence. This is often a contextual connection.
Condition
The first part can be a condition, similar to an if-then statement in English.
olin li wawa la selo li ala. If love is strong then there are no barriers.

Topic
A topic can be used to establish the overall context of an utterance. This could be a general topic:
kasi suli ni la lipu li suli. regarding this tree, the leaves are big.

It could also indicate time/tense:
tenpo pini la mi moku. It was in the past that I ate.

It could also indicate place:
ma mi la kon li sewi. At my place the air is hot.

This is an overview but most certainly not an exhaustive list.

lape
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch slapen ('sleep')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• sleep, rest
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• sleep, rest
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• sleeping, resting

laso
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Welsh glas ('blue')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• blue
• blue-green
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• blue colour
• blue-green colour

lawa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian glava ('head')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• head
• mind
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• lead, steer
• control, rule
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• main
• leading, in-charge

len
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French linge ('clothing')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• clothing
• cloth, fabric

lete
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French frette ('cold')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• cold
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• cold
• uncooked
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• cool, chill

li
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto li ('he')
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• (subject marker)
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Placed after a subject. Example:
ona li lape. He is sleeping.
Not used when mi or sina is the only subject.

lili
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin liklik ('small')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• small, little, short
• few, less, a bit
• young
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• reduce, lessen
• shorten, shrink

linja
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish linja ('line')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• long, thin, floppy thing (e.g string, cord, rope, hair)
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• long, thin, flexible

lipu
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish lippu ('flag, ticket')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• flat, bendable thing (e.g paper, card, ticket)
• book (by extension from paper)

loje
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch rooie, an inflected form of rood ('red')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• red
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• red colour

lon
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin long ('at, in, on'), from English along
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• be there, present
• be real, true, exist
• be awake
• (with e) cause to exist, birth
ᴘʀᴇᴘᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ
• at, in, on
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• true, real, existing
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• truth
• existence

luka
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian ruka ('hand, forearm')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• hand
• arm
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• of or pertaining to hands/arms
• (numeral) five, 5
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• touch, poke, feel (with the hand)

lukin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin lukim ('see, look at')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• see, look at
• look, watch out, pay attention
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• visual
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• eye
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• (contested) try, attempt
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
Synonymous with oko in the sense of 'eye'

lupa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Lojban clupa ('loop')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• hole, orifice
• door
• window

ma
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish maa ('earth, land')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• land, earth
• country
• outdoors

mama
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian მამა (mama, 'father')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• parent, mother, father, ancestor
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• parental, familial

mani
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin mani, from English money
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• money, currency
• wealth, capital, savings
• large, domesticated animal

meli
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin meri, from English Mary
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• female, feminine
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• woman, female
• wife, girlfriend, female partner

mije
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish mies ('man')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• male, masculine
ᴜɴᴋɴᴏᴡɴ
• usband
•  boyfriend

mi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto mi ('I')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• I, we
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• my, our
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
If it's the only subject, it causes the subject particle li to be dropped.

moku
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Japanese もぐもぐ (mogu-mogu, 'munching')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• food, meal
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• eat, drink, swallow, consume

moli
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: French mourir ('die')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• death
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (without e) die
• (with e) kill, murder
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• dead
• deadly, fatal

monsi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French mon tchu ('my ass')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• back, behind
• butt, ass
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• back, rear

mu
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Possibly from English moo
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• moo, meow, woof, etc (any animal noise)
• (by extension, contested) non-verbal sound

mun
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English moon
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• lunar
• celestial
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• moon
• star
• night sky object

musi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto amuzi ('have fun')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• fun
• playing, game, recreation
• art, entertainment
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• amuse, entertain
• have fun, play
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• fun, recreational, entertaining
• artful

mute
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto multe ('many, a lot')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• amount, quantity
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• much, many, more, several, numerous
• very, a lot
• (numeral) twenty, 20

namako
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Hindi नमक (namak, 'salt')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• (non-pu) spice
• additive, accessory
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• (non-pu) extra, additional
• spicy
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (non-pu) season, embellish, stimulate
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
According to pu, it is synonymous with sin but many take it to have different connotations.

nanpa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin namba, from English number
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• number, numeral
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• (denotes an ordinal number)

nasa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin nasau ('stupid')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• silly, crazy
• weird, strange
• stupid, foolish
• drunk
• intoxicating, alcoholic
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• drive crazy, make weird

nasin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian način ('way, method')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• way, manner, method
• custom, doctrine, system
• path, road

nena
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish nenä ('nose')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• protrusion, bump
• hill, mountain
• nose
• button

ni
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Cantonese 呢 (ni1, 'this')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• this, that
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• this, that

nimi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish nimi ('name')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• name
• word

noka
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian noga ('foot, leg')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• foot
• leg

o
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian vocative case marker -ო (-o), English oh
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• (imperative mood marker)
• (vocative case marker)
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• hey

oko
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian ȍko ('eye')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• eye
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• ocular
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
According to pu, it is synonymous with lukin, though most only use it in the sense of 'eye'.

olin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian volim ('love')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• love
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• love (a person)

ona
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian ona ('she')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• his, her, its, their
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• he, she, it, they

open
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English open
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• begin, start
• open
• turn on
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• beginning, start
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• initial, starting
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• begin, start

pakala
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin bagarap ('accident'), from English bugger up
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• accident, mistake, blunder
• destruction, damage
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (with e) ruin, botch, fuck up
• (without e) screw up, fall apart, break
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• broken, damaged, fucked up
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• damn, fuck

pali
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto fari ('do, make')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• activity, deed
• work, project
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• do
• make, build, create
• act, work, function
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• active
• working, operating

pan
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Common Romance, possibly influened by Japanese パン (pan, 'bread')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• grain, cereal
• barley, corn, oat, rice, wheat
• bread, pasta

pana
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Unknown
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• give, send
• emit, release
• put, place
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• giving
• transfer, exchange

pi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin bilong ('of'), from English belong
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• of, (noun-phrase grouping particle)
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
pi is used to change the direction of modification on words. It is, in essence, a 're-grouper'.
Here is an example of a phrase with and without pi, and how they differ:

jan pana sona     -  (jan+pana) + sona  -  knowledgable giving-person  -  smart giver
jan pi pana sona  -  jan + (pana+sona)  -  knowledge-giving person     -  teacher

pilin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin pilim ('feel')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• feeling, emotion
• heart
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• feel, sense, touch
• think

pimeja
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish pimeä ('dark')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• darkness
• shadow
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• dark
• black
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• darken

pini
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French fini ('completed')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• end, tip
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• finish, end
• close
• turn off
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• completed, finished, done
• past, ago

pipi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French bibitte ('bug')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• bug, insect, spider

poka
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian boka, genitive of bok ('side, flank')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• side, hip
• vicinity, near-by
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• neighbouring
ᴘʀᴇᴘᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ
• with, in the accompaniment of, next to

poki
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian bokis ('box'), from English box
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• container, box
• cup, glass

pona
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto bona ('good')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• goodness, positivity
• simplicity
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• improve, fix
• make good
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• good, nice, well
• correct, right
• simple
• happy, positive
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• great, good
• OK, cool
• yay
• thanks

pu
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English book
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• interacting with the official toki pona book
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• interact with the official toki pona book
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• the official toki pona book
• (slang) the prescribed style of speaking toki pona laid out by the official book

sama
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish and Esperanto sama ('same')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• same, equal
• similar
ᴘʀᴇᴘᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ
• like, as

seli
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian ცხელი (cxeli, 'hot')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• fire
• heat, warmth
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• hot, warm
• cooked
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• heat, warm up
• cook

selo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto ŝelo ('skin')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• outside, surface
• skin, bark, peel
• shell
• boundary

seme
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Chinese 什麼 (shen2me5, 'what')
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• (question word) what, who, how, etc

sewi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: From Georgian ზევით (zevit, 'up, upwards')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• top, area above, highest part
• sky, heaven
• God
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• high
• sacred, holy
• superior
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• raise, make ascend

sijelo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian tijȇlo ('body')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• body
• torso
• physical state

sike
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English circle
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• circle, sphere
• wheel
• cycle
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• round
• cyclical

sin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Chinese 新 (xin1, 'new')
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• new
• fresh
• another, more
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• renew, rennovate, freshen

sina
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish sinä ('you')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• you
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• your
ɴᴏᴛᴇꜱ
If it's the only subject, it causes the subject particle li to be dropped.

sinpin
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Cantonese 前邊 (cin4bin1, 'in front')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• face
• front
• wall

sitelen
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch schilderen ('paint')
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• draw
• write
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• picture, image
• symbol, representation
• writing, mark

sona
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian ცოდნა (codna, 'knowledge')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• knowledge, wisdom
• intelligence
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• know, understand
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• know how to
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• intelligent, knowing

soweli
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Georgian ცხოველი (cxoveli, 'animal')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• animal
• beast, land mammal

suli
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish suuri ('big')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• size
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• big, tall, long
• important
• adult
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• enlarge, lengthen

suno
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto suno ('sun')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• sun
• light
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• bright, glowing, radiating, shining
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• shine, glow, illuminate

supa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: French and English surface
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• horizontal surface (e.g furniture, table, chair, pillow, floor)

suwi
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin swit ('sweet'), from English sweet
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• candy, sweet food
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• sweeten
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• sweet
• cute, adorable

tan
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Cantonese 從 (cung4, 'from')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• origin, cause
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• cause
ᴘʀᴇᴘᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ
• from
• by, because of

taso
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin tasol ('but, only'), from English that's all
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• only, sole
ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ
• but, however

tawa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English towards
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• movement, tranpsortation
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• go to
• move, displace
• walk, travel
• leave
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• moving, mobile
ᴘʀᴇᴘᴏꜱɪᴛɪᴏɴ
• towards, for, until

telo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Acadian French de l'eau
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• water
• liquid, fluid, wet substance
• beverage
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• wet, watery
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• water, wash

tenpo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto tempo ('time')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• time, duration
• moment, occasion, period, situation

toki
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Tok Pisin tok, from English talk
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• language, speech
• communication
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• say, speak
• communicate
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• speaking, verbal
ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴊᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ
• hello, hi

tomo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Esperanto domo ('house')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• house, home
• building
• room
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• domestic, household

tu
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English two
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• couple, pair
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• double
• separate, split, cut, divide in two
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• (numeral) two, 2

unpa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Unknown; possibly sound symbolism or onomatopoeia
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• sex, sexuality
• marriage
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• erotic, sexual
• marital
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• have sex with
• (less common) marry, have marital relations with

uta
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian ústa ('mouth')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• mouth
• lips
• oral cavity
• jaw
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• oral
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• pronounce verbally, enunciate
• (slang) kiss

utala
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Serbo-Croatian ùdarati ('hit, strike')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• conflict, disharmony, violence
• fight, war, battle
• competition
• strike, blow
• argument
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• hit, strike, attack
• compete against

walo
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish valkoinen ('white')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• white thing, whiteness
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• white
• pale

wan
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: English one
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• unit, element, particle
• part, piece
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• unite, make one
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• (numeral) one, 1
• single, alone

waso
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: French oiseau ('bird')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• bird, flying creature, winged animal
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• (contested) fly

wawa
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Finnish vahva ('strong')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• strength, energy
• power
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• strengthen, energise
• empower
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• strong, fierce
• energetic, intense
• loud
• sure, confident

weka
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch weg ('away, gone')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• absence
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• throw away, get rid of
• remove
ᴍᴏᴅɪғɪᴇʀ
• away, gone
• distant
• missing
• ignored

wile
ᴇᴛʏᴍᴏʟᴏɢʏ: Dutch willen ('want')
ɴᴏᴜɴ
• desire, will
• need, requirement
ᴠᴇʀʙ
• want, wish
• need
ᴘʀᴇᴠᴇʀʙ
• want, wish
• have to, need
• ought, should