Exemplo de criação de estrutura de elementos de com filhos

menu-tree.php

<?php

$result = [];
$result[0][1] = ['name' => 'Programacao'];
$result[0][2] = ['name' => 'Design'];
$result[1][3] = ['name' => 'PHP'];
$result[2][4] = ['name' => 'Photoshop'];
$result[3][5] = ['name' => 'Laravel'];
$result[3][6] = ['name' => 'Zend'];

function tree($items, $parent=0) {
	$results = [];
	if(isset($items[$parent])) {
		foreach($items[$parent] as $id => $row) {
			
			if(isset($items[$id])) {
				$row['childrens'] =  tree($items, $id);
			} 
			$results[] = $row;
		}
	}
	return $results;
}

print_r(tree($result));