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/**
 * Problem Statement:
 * Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i.
 * If you were only permitted to complete at most one transaction (i.e., buy one and sell one share of the stock), design an algorithm to find the maximum profit.
 * Note that you cannot sell a stock before you buy one.
 * Example 1:
 * Input: [7,1,5,3,6,4]
 * Output: 5
 * Explanation: Buy on day 2 (price = 1) and sell on day 5 (price = 6). Profit = 6–1 = 5. Not 7–1 = 6, as selling price needs to be larger than buying price.
 * Example 2:

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interface Observable {
    subscribe(observer: Observer): void;
    unsubscribe(observer: Observer): void;
    notify(): void;
}

interface Observer {
    update(subject: Subject);
}

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const score = new Score();

const display = new DisplayScore();
const cli = new CliScore();

score.subscribe(display);
score.subscribe(cli);

score.updateScore(4);

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class DisplayScore implements Observer {
    update(subject: Score) {
        console.log('Display score: ' + subject.getScore());
    }

}

class CliScore implements Observer {
    update(subject: Score) {
        console.log('CLI score: ' + subject.getScore());

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class Score extends Subject {
    
    private score: number;

    public updateScore(score: number)
    {
        this.score = score;
        console.log('got new score.....');
        this.notify();
    }

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class Subject implements Observable {
    private observers: Observer[] = [];
    subscribe(observer: Observer) {
        this.observers.push(observer);
    }
    unsubscribe(observer: Observer) {
        this.observers = this.observers.filter((o) => {
            return o !== observer
        })
        console.log('observer detached...' + observer.constructor.name);

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interface Observer {
    update(subject: Subject);
}

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interface Observable {
  subscribe(observer: Observer): void;
  unsubscribe(observer: Observer): void;
  notify(): void;  
}

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<?php 

Str::macro('addressSplitter', function (string $address) {
            $leadingHouseNumber = '/^([\d-]+[a-z]{0,1}[\d-]?[\d,]?)\ ([a-z\ ]+)$/mi';
            $endingWithHouseNumber = '/^([a-z\ ]+)([\d?]+)([\D+?]+[\d+?]?.+)?|([\D+?]+[\d+?]?+)$/mi';

            if (preg_match_all($leadingHouseNumber, $address, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0)
              && isset($matches[0][1], $matches[0][2])
            ) {
                $result['house_number'] = (int) $matches[0][1];

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<?php
/*
*  example code gist,  
*/

Model_A::whereHas('Model_B',
  function (\Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder $builder) {
            $builder->upcoming()->where('cancel_reason', Model_B::REASON_NOT_AVAILABLE);
  })->active();