https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11245481/find-the-smallest-unique-substring-for-each-string-in-an-array

main.js

let list = ["Anne", "Anthony", "LouAnn", "Kant", "Louise", "ark"].map(s => s.toLowerCase());

let m = new Map()
let skip = new Set()

for (let word of list) {
    let s = new Set()
    m.set(word, s)

    for (let start = 0; start < word.length; start++) {
        for (let end = start + 1; end <= word.length; end++) {
            s.add(word.substring(start, end))
        }
    }
}

for (let word of list) {
    let set = m.get(word)
    for (let [key, value] of m) {
        if (key === word) continue
        for (let str of value) {
            if (set.has(str)) skip.add(str)
        }
    }
}

let answer = []

for (let word of list) {
    let x = word
    for (let str of m.get(word)) {
        if (skip.has(str)) continue
        if (str.length < x.length) x = str
    }

    answer.push(x)
}

console.log(answer)