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@dlech
Last active October 11, 2022 15:26
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ev3dev HTWay
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Python port of the HiTechnic HTWay for ev3dev
# Copyright (c) 2014-2015 G33kDude, David Lechner
# HiTechnic HTWay is Copyright (c) 2010 HiTechnic
import itertools
import os
import struct
import time
import pyudev
# loop interval in seconds
WAIT_TIME = 0.008
# ratio of wheel size compared to NXT 1.0
WHEEL_RATIO_NXT1 = 1.0 # 56mm
WHEEL_RATIO_NXT = 0.8 # 43.2mm (same as EV3)
WHEEL_RATIO_RCX = 1.4 # 81.6mm
# These are the main four balance constants, only the gyro constants
# are relative to the wheel size. KPOS and KSPEED are self-relative to
# the wheel size.
KGYROANGLE = 7.5
KGYROSPEED = 1.15
KPOS = 0.07
KSPEED = 0.1
# This constant aids in drive control. When the robot starts moving
# because of user control, this constant helps get the robot leaning in
# the right direction. Similarly, it helps bring robot to a stop when
# stopping.
KDRIVE = -0.02
# Power differential used for steering based on difference of target
# steering and actual motor difference.
KSTEER = 0.25
# If robot power is saturated (over +/- 100) for over this time limit
# then robot must have fallen. In seconds.
TIME_FALL_LIMIT = 0.5
# Gyro offset control
# The HiTechnic gyro sensor will drift with time. This constant is
# used in a simple long term averaging to adjust for this drift.
# Every time through the loop, the current gyro sensor value is
# averaged into the gyro offset weighted according to this constant.
EMAOFFSET = 0.0005
class Gyro:
@staticmethod
def get_gyro():
devices = list(pyudev.Context().list_devices(subsystem='lego-sensor') \
.match_property("LEGO_DRIVER_NAME", EV3Gyro.DRIVER_NAME) \
.match_property("LEGO_DRIVER_NAME", HTGyro.DRIVER_NAME))
if not devices:
raise Exception('Gyro not found')
if devices[0].attributes['driver_name'] == EV3Gyro.DRIVER_NAME:
return EV3Gyro(devices[0])
elif devices[0].attributes['driver_name'] == HTGyro.DRIVER_NAME:
return HTGyro(devices[0])
def __init__(self, device):
self.device = device
self.value0 = open(os.path.join(self.device.sys_path, 'value0'), 'r', 0)
self.offset = 0.0
self.angle = 0.0
def calibrate(self):
self.angle = 0.0
total = 0
for i in range(10):
total += self.get_rate()
time.sleep(0.01)
average = total / 10.0
self.offset = average - 0.1
def set_mode(self, value):
with open(os.path.join(self.device.sys_path, 'mode'), 'w') as f:
f.write(str(value))
def get_rate(self):
self.value0.seek(0)
return int(self.value0.read())
class EV3Gyro(Gyro):
DRIVER_NAME = 'lego-ev3-gyro'
def __init__(self, device):
Gyro.__init__(self, device)
self.set_mode("GYRO-RATE")
def get_data(self, interval):
gyro_raw = self.get_rate()
self.offset = EMAOFFSET * gyro_raw + (1 - EMAOFFSET) * self.offset
speed = (gyro_raw - self.offset)
self.angle += speed * interval
return speed, self.angle
class HTGyro(Gyro):
DRIVER_NAME = 'ht-nxt-gyro'
def __init__(self, device):
Gyro.__init__(self, device)
def get_data(self, interval):
gyro_raw = self.get_rate()
self.offset = EMAOFFSET * gyro_raw + (1 - EMAOFFSET) * self.offset
speed = (gyro_raw - self.offset) * 400.0 / 1953.0
self.angle += speed * interval
return speed, self.angle
class EV3Motor:
def __init__(self, which=0):
devices = list(pyudev.Context().list_devices(subsystem='tacho-motor') \
.match_attribute('driver_name', 'lego-ev3-l-motor'))
if which >= len(devices):
raise Exception("Motor not found")
self.device = devices[which]
self.pos = open(os.path.join(self.device.sys_path, 'position'), 'r+',
0)
self.duty_cycle_sp = open(os.path.join(self.device.sys_path,
'duty_cycle_sp'), 'w', 0)
self.reset()
def reset(self):
self.set_pos(0)
self.set_duty_cycle_sp(0)
self.send_command("run-direct")
def get_pos(self):
self.pos.seek(0)
return int(self.pos.read())
def set_pos(self, new_pos):
return self.pos.write(str(int(new_pos)))
def set_duty_cycle_sp(self, new_duty_cycle_sp):
return self.duty_cycle_sp.write(str(int(new_duty_cycle_sp)))
def send_command(self, new_mode):
with open(os.path.join(self.device.sys_path, 'command'),
'w') as command:
command.write(str(new_mode))
class EV3Motors:
def __init__(self, left=0, right=1):
self.left = EV3Motor(left)
self.right = EV3Motor(right)
self.pos = 0.0
self.speed = 0.0
self.diff = 0
self.target_diff = 0
self.drive = 0
self.steer = 0
self.prev_sum = 0
self.prev_deltas = [0,0,0]
def get_data(self, interval):
left_pos = self.left.get_pos()
right_pos = self.right.get_pos()
pos_sum = right_pos + left_pos
self.diff = left_pos - right_pos
delta = pos_sum - self.prev_sum
self.pos += delta
self.speed = (delta + sum(self.prev_deltas)) / (4 * interval)
self.prev_sum = pos_sum
self.prev_deltas = [delta] + self.prev_deltas[0:2]
return self.speed, self.pos
def steer_control(self, power, steering, interval):
self.target_diff += steering * interval
power_steer = KSTEER * (self.target_diff - self.diff)
power_left = max(-100, min(power + power_steer, 100))
power_right = max(-100, min(power - power_steer, 100))
return power_left, power_right
def main():
wheel_ratio = WHEEL_RATIO_RCX
gyro = Gyro.get_gyro()
gyro.calibrate()
print "balancing in ..."
for i in range(5, 0, -1):
print i
os.system("beep -f 440 -l 100")
time.sleep(1)
print 0
os.system("beep -f 440 -l 1000")
time.sleep(1)
motors = EV3Motors()
start_time = time.time()
last_okay_time = start_time
avg_interval = 0.0055
for loop_count in itertools.count():
gyro_speed, gyro_angle = gyro.get_data(avg_interval)
motors_speed, motors_pos = motors.get_data(avg_interval)
#print gyro_speed, gyro_angle, motors_speed, motors_pos
motors_pos -= motors.drive * avg_interval
motors.pos = motors_pos
power = (KGYROSPEED * gyro_speed
+ KGYROANGLE * gyro_angle) \
/ wheel_ratio \
+ KPOS * motors_pos \
+ KDRIVE * motors.drive \
+ KSPEED * motors_speed
left_power, right_power = motors.steer_control(power, 0, avg_interval)
#print left_power, right_power
motors.left.set_duty_cycle_sp(left_power)
motors.right.set_duty_cycle_sp(right_power)
time.sleep(WAIT_TIME)
now_time = time.time()
avg_interval = (now_time - start_time) / (loop_count+1)
if abs(power) < 100:
last_okay_time = now_time
elif now_time - last_okay_time > TIME_FALL_LIMIT:
break
motors.left.send_command('reset')
motors.right.send_command('reset')
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
@dlech
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dlech commented Jul 8, 2022

The pyudev Attributes class changed. https://pyudev.readthedocs.io/en/latest/changes.html#dec-1-2015

Try replacing all instances of .attributes['...'] with .attributes.get('...').

@PokeyManatee4
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PokeyManatee4 commented Oct 11, 2022 via email

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