List of all timezones compatible with the PHP DateTimeZone object.

timezones.min.php

$timezones = array('UTC','Africa/Abidjan','Africa/Accra','Africa/Addis_Ababa','Africa/Algiers','Africa/Asmara','Africa/Asmera','Africa/Bamako','Africa/Bangui','Africa/Banjul','Africa/Bissau','Africa/Blantyre','Africa/Brazzaville','Africa/Bujumbura','Africa/Cairo','Africa/Casablanca','Africa/Ceuta','Africa/Conakry','Africa/Dakar','Africa/Dar_es_Salaam','Africa/Djibouti','Africa/Douala','Africa/El_Aaiun','Africa/Freetown','Africa/Gaborone','Africa/Harare','Africa/Johannesburg','Africa/Juba','Africa/Kampala','Africa/Khartoum','Africa/Kigali','Africa/Kinshasa','Africa/Lagos','Africa/Libreville','Africa/Lome','Africa/Luanda','Africa/Lubumbashi','Africa/Lusaka','Africa/Malabo','Africa/Maputo','Africa/Maseru','Africa/Mbabane','Africa/Mogadishu','Africa/Monrovia','Africa/Nairobi','Africa/Ndjamena','Africa/Niamey','Africa/Nouakchott','Africa/Ouagadougou','Africa/Porto-Novo','Africa/Sao_Tome','Africa/Timbuktu','Africa/Tripoli','Africa/Tunis','Africa/Windhoek','America/Adak','America/Anchorage','America/Anguilla','America/Antigua','America/Araguaina','America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires','America/Argentina/Catamarca','America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia','America/Argentina/Cordoba','America/Argentina/Jujuy','America/Argentina/La_Rioja','America/Argentina/Mendoza','America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos','America/Argentina/Salta','America/Argentina/San_Juan','America/Argentina/San_Luis','America/Argentina/Tucuman','America/Argentina/Ushuaia','America/Aruba','America/Asuncion','America/Atikokan','America/Atka','America/Bahia','America/Bahia_Banderas','America/Barbados','America/Belem','America/Belize','America/Blanc-Sablon','America/Boa_Vista','America/Bogota','America/Boise','America/Buenos_Aires','America/Cambridge_Bay','America/Campo_Grande','America/Cancun','America/Caracas','America/Catamarca','America/Cayenne','America/Cayman','America/Chicago','America/Chihuahua','America/Coral_Harbour','America/Cordoba','America/Costa_Rica','America/Cuiaba','America/Curacao','America/Danmarkshavn','America/Dawson','America/Dawson_Creek','America/Denver','America/Detroit','America/Dominica','America/Edmonton','America/Eirunepe','America/El_Salvador','America/Ensenada','America/Fort_Wayne','America/Fortaleza','America/Glace_Bay','America/Godthab','America/Goose_Bay','America/Grand_Turk','America/Grenada','America/Guadeloupe','America/Guatemala','America/Guayaquil','America/Guyana','America/Halifax','America/Havana','America/Hermosillo','America/Indiana/Indianapolis','America/Indiana/Knox','America/Indiana/Marengo','America/Indiana/Petersburg','America/Indiana/Tell_City','America/Indiana/Vevay','America/Indiana/Vincennes','America/Indiana/Winamac','America/Indianapolis','America/Inuvik','America/Iqaluit','America/Jamaica','America/Jujuy','America/Juneau','America/Kentucky/Louisville','America/Kentucky/Monticello','America/Knox_IN','America/Kralendijk','America/La_Paz','America/Lima','America/Los_Angeles','America/Louisville','America/Lower_Princes','America/Maceio','America/Managua','America/Manaus','America/Marigot','America/Martinique','America/Matamoros','America/Mazatlan','America/Mendoza','America/Menominee','America/Merida','America/Metlakatla','America/Mexico_City','America/Miquelon','America/Moncton','America/Monterrey','America/Montevideo','America/Montreal','America/Montserrat','America/Nassau','America/New_York','America/Nipigon','America/Nome','America/Noronha','America/North_Dakota/Beulah','America/North_Dakota/Center','America/North_Dakota/New_Salem','America/Ojinaga','America/Panama','America/Pangnirtung','America/Paramaribo','America/Phoenix','America/Port-au-Prince','America/Port_of_Spain','America/Porto_Acre','America/Porto_Velho','America/Puerto_Rico','America/Rainy_River','America/Rankin_Inlet','America/Recife','America/Regina','America/Resolute','America/Rio_Branco','America/Rosario','America/Santa_Isabel','America/Santarem','America/Santiago','America/Santo_Domingo','America/Sao_Paulo','America/Scoresbysund','America/Shiprock','America/Sitka','America/St_Barthelemy','America/St_Johns','America/St_Kitts','America/St_Lucia','America/St_Thomas','America/St_Vincent','America/Swift_Current','America/Tegucigalpa','America/Thule','America/Thunder_Bay','America/Tijuana','America/Toronto','America/Tortola','America/Vancouver','America/Virgin','America/Whitehorse','America/Winnipeg','America/Yakutat','America/Yellowknife','Antarctica/Casey','Antarctica/Davis','Antarctica/DumontDUrville','Antarctica/Macquarie','Antarctica/Mawson','Antarctica/McMurdo','Antarctica/Palmer','Antarctica/Rothera','Antarctica/South_Pole','Antarctica/Syowa','Antarctica/Vostok','Arctic/Longyearbyen','Asia/Aden','Asia/Almaty','Asia/Amman','Asia/Anadyr','Asia/Aqtau','Asia/Aqtobe','Asia/Ashgabat','Asia/Ashkhabad','Asia/Baghdad','Asia/Bahrain','Asia/Baku','Asia/Bangkok','Asia/Beirut','Asia/Bishkek','Asia/Brunei','Asia/Calcutta','Asia/Choibalsan','Asia/Chongqing','Asia/Chungking','Asia/Colombo','Asia/Dacca','Asia/Damascus','Asia/Dhaka','Asia/Dili','Asia/Dubai','Asia/Dushanbe','Asia/Gaza','Asia/Harbin','Asia/Hebron','Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh','Asia/Hong_Kong','Asia/Hovd','Asia/Irkutsk','Asia/Istanbul','Asia/Jakarta','Asia/Jayapura','Asia/Jerusalem','Asia/Kabul','Asia/Kamchatka','Asia/Karachi','Asia/Kashgar','Asia/Kathmandu','Asia/Katmandu','Asia/Kolkata','Asia/Krasnoyarsk','Asia/Kuala_Lumpur','Asia/Kuching','Asia/Kuwait','Asia/Macao','Asia/Macau','Asia/Magadan','Asia/Makassar','Asia/Manila','Asia/Muscat','Asia/Nicosia','Asia/Novokuznetsk','Asia/Novosibirsk','Asia/Omsk','Asia/Oral','Asia/Phnom_Penh','Asia/Pontianak','Asia/Pyongyang','Asia/Qatar','Asia/Qyzylorda','Asia/Rangoon','Asia/Riyadh','Asia/Saigon','Asia/Sakhalin','Asia/Samarkand','Asia/Seoul','Asia/Shanghai','Asia/Singapore','Asia/Taipei','Asia/Tashkent','Asia/Tbilisi','Asia/Tehran','Asia/Tel_Aviv','Asia/Thimbu','Asia/Thimphu','Asia/Tokyo','Asia/Ujung_Pandang','Asia/Ulaanbaatar','Asia/Ulan_Bator','Asia/Urumqi','Asia/Vientiane','Asia/Vladivostok','Asia/Yakutsk','Asia/Yekaterinburg','Asia/Yerevan','Atlantic/Azores','Atlantic/Bermuda','Atlantic/Canary','Atlantic/Cape_Verde','Atlantic/Faeroe','Atlantic/Faroe','Atlantic/Jan_Mayen','Atlantic/Madeira','Atlantic/Reykjavik','Atlantic/South_Georgia','Atlantic/St_Helena','Atlantic/Stanley','Australia/ACT','Australia/Adelaide','Australia/Brisbane','Australia/Broken_Hill','Australia/Canberra','Australia/Currie','Australia/Darwin','Australia/Eucla','Australia/Hobart','Australia/LHI','Australia/Lindeman','Australia/Lord_Howe','Australia/Melbourne','Australia/North','Australia/NSW','Australia/Perth','Australia/Queensland','Australia/South','Australia/Sydney','Australia/Tasmania','Australia/Victoria','Australia/West','Australia/Yancowinna','Europe/Amsterdam','Europe/Andorra','Europe/Athens','Europe/Belfast','Europe/Belgrade','Europe/Berlin','Europe/Bratislava','Europe/Brussels','Europe/Bucharest','Europe/Budapest','Europe/Chisinau','Europe/Copenhagen','Europe/Dublin','Europe/Gibraltar','Europe/Guernsey','Europe/Helsinki','Europe/Isle_of_Man','Europe/Istanbul','Europe/Jersey','Europe/Kaliningrad','Europe/Kiev','Europe/Lisbon','Europe/Ljubljana','Europe/London','Europe/Luxembourg','Europe/Madrid','Europe/Malta','Europe/Mariehamn','Europe/Minsk','Europe/Monaco','Europe/Moscow','Europe/Nicosia','Europe/Oslo','Europe/Paris','Europe/Podgorica','Europe/Prague','Europe/Riga','Europe/Rome','Europe/Samara','Europe/San_Marino','Europe/Sarajevo','Europe/Simferopol','Europe/Skopje','Europe/Sofia','Europe/Stockholm','Europe/Tallinn','Europe/Tirane','Europe/Tiraspol','Europe/Uzhgorod','Europe/Vaduz','Europe/Vatican','Europe/Vienna','Europe/Vilnius','Europe/Volgograd','Europe/Warsaw','Europe/Zagreb','Europe/Zaporozhye','Europe/Zurich','Indian/Antananarivo','Indian/Chagos','Indian/Christmas','Indian/Cocos','Indian/Comoro','Indian/Kerguelen','Indian/Mahe','Indian/Maldives','Indian/Mauritius','Indian/Mayotte','Indian/Reunion','Pacific/Apia','Pacific/Auckland','Pacific/Chatham','Pacific/Chuuk','Pacific/Easter','Pacific/Efate','Pacific/Enderbury','Pacific/Fakaofo','Pacific/Fiji','Pacific/Funafuti','Pacific/Galapagos','Pacific/Gambier','Pacific/Guadalcanal','Pacific/Guam','Pacific/Honolulu','Pacific/Johnston','Pacific/Kiritimati','Pacific/Kosrae','Pacific/Kwajalein','Pacific/Majuro','Pacific/Marquesas','Pacific/Midway','Pacific/Nauru','Pacific/Niue','Pacific/Norfolk','Pacific/Noumea','Pacific/Pago_Pago','Pacific/Palau','Pacific/Pitcairn','Pacific/Pohnpei','Pacific/Ponape','Pacific/Port_Moresby','Pacific/Rarotonga','Pacific/Saipan','Pacific/Samoa','Pacific/Tahiti','Pacific/Tarawa','Pacific/Tongatapu','Pacific/Truk','Pacific/Wake','Pacific/Wallis','Pacific/Yap');

timezones.php

$timezones = array(
'UTC',
'Africa/Abidjan',
'Africa/Accra',
'Africa/Addis_Ababa',
'Africa/Algiers',
'Africa/Asmara',
'Africa/Asmera',
'Africa/Bamako',
'Africa/Bangui',
'Africa/Banjul',
'Africa/Bissau',
'Africa/Blantyre',
'Africa/Brazzaville',
'Africa/Bujumbura',
'Africa/Cairo',
'Africa/Casablanca',
'Africa/Ceuta',
'Africa/Conakry',
'Africa/Dakar',
'Africa/Dar_es_Salaam',
'Africa/Djibouti',
'Africa/Douala',
'Africa/El_Aaiun',
'Africa/Freetown',
'Africa/Gaborone',
'Africa/Harare',
'Africa/Johannesburg',
'Africa/Juba',
'Africa/Kampala',
'Africa/Khartoum',
'Africa/Kigali',
'Africa/Kinshasa',
'Africa/Lagos',
'Africa/Libreville',
'Africa/Lome',
'Africa/Luanda',
'Africa/Lubumbashi',
'Africa/Lusaka',
'Africa/Malabo',
'Africa/Maputo',
'Africa/Maseru',
'Africa/Mbabane',
'Africa/Mogadishu',
'Africa/Monrovia',
'Africa/Nairobi',
'Africa/Ndjamena',
'Africa/Niamey',
'Africa/Nouakchott',
'Africa/Ouagadougou',
'Africa/Porto-Novo',
'Africa/Sao_Tome',
'Africa/Timbuktu',
'Africa/Tripoli',
'Africa/Tunis',
'Africa/Windhoek',
'America/Adak',
'America/Anchorage',
'America/Anguilla',
'America/Antigua',
'America/Araguaina',
'America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires',
'America/Argentina/Catamarca',
'America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia',
'America/Argentina/Cordoba',
'America/Argentina/Jujuy',
'America/Argentina/La_Rioja',
'America/Argentina/Mendoza',
'America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos',
'America/Argentina/Salta',
'America/Argentina/San_Juan',
'America/Argentina/San_Luis',
'America/Argentina/Tucuman',
'America/Argentina/Ushuaia',
'America/Aruba',
'America/Asuncion',
'America/Atikokan',
'America/Atka',
'America/Bahia',
'America/Bahia_Banderas',
'America/Barbados',
'America/Belem',
'America/Belize',
'America/Blanc-Sablon',
'America/Boa_Vista',
'America/Bogota',
'America/Boise',
'America/Buenos_Aires',
'America/Cambridge_Bay',
'America/Campo_Grande',
'America/Cancun',
'America/Caracas',
'America/Catamarca',
'America/Cayenne',
'America/Cayman',
'America/Chicago',
'America/Chihuahua',
'America/Coral_Harbour',
'America/Cordoba',
'America/Costa_Rica',
'America/Cuiaba',
'America/Curacao',
'America/Danmarkshavn',
'America/Dawson',
'America/Dawson_Creek',
'America/Denver',
'America/Detroit',
'America/Dominica',
'America/Edmonton',
'America/Eirunepe',
'America/El_Salvador',
'America/Ensenada',
'America/Fort_Wayne',
'America/Fortaleza',
'America/Glace_Bay',
'America/Godthab',
'America/Goose_Bay',
'America/Grand_Turk',
'America/Grenada',
'America/Guadeloupe',
'America/Guatemala',
'America/Guayaquil',
'America/Guyana',
'America/Halifax',
'America/Havana',
'America/Hermosillo',
'America/Indiana/Indianapolis',
'America/Indiana/Knox',
'America/Indiana/Marengo',
'America/Indiana/Petersburg',
'America/Indiana/Tell_City',
'America/Indiana/Vevay',
'America/Indiana/Vincennes',
'America/Indiana/Winamac',
'America/Indianapolis',
'America/Inuvik',
'America/Iqaluit',
'America/Jamaica',
'America/Jujuy',
'America/Juneau',
'America/Kentucky/Louisville',
'America/Kentucky/Monticello',
'America/Knox_IN',
'America/Kralendijk',
'America/La_Paz',
'America/Lima',
'America/Los_Angeles',
'America/Louisville',
'America/Lower_Princes',
'America/Maceio',
'America/Managua',
'America/Manaus',
'America/Marigot',
'America/Martinique',
'America/Matamoros',
'America/Mazatlan',
'America/Mendoza',
'America/Menominee',
'America/Merida',
'America/Metlakatla',
'America/Mexico_City',
'America/Miquelon',
'America/Moncton',
'America/Monterrey',
'America/Montevideo',
'America/Montreal',
'America/Montserrat',
'America/Nassau',
'America/New_York',
'America/Nipigon',
'America/Nome',
'America/Noronha',
'America/North_Dakota/Beulah',
'America/North_Dakota/Center',
'America/North_Dakota/New_Salem',
'America/Ojinaga',
'America/Panama',
'America/Pangnirtung',
'America/Paramaribo',
'America/Phoenix',
'America/Port-au-Prince',
'America/Port_of_Spain',
'America/Porto_Acre',
'America/Porto_Velho',
'America/Puerto_Rico',
'America/Rainy_River',
'America/Rankin_Inlet',
'America/Recife',
'America/Regina',
'America/Resolute',
'America/Rio_Branco',
'America/Rosario',
'America/Santa_Isabel',
'America/Santarem',
'America/Santiago',
'America/Santo_Domingo',
'America/Sao_Paulo',
'America/Scoresbysund',
'America/Shiprock',
'America/Sitka',
'America/St_Barthelemy',
'America/St_Johns',
'America/St_Kitts',
'America/St_Lucia',
'America/St_Thomas',
'America/St_Vincent',
'America/Swift_Current',
'America/Tegucigalpa',
'America/Thule',
'America/Thunder_Bay',
'America/Tijuana',
'America/Toronto',
'America/Tortola',
'America/Vancouver',
'America/Virgin',
'America/Whitehorse',
'America/Winnipeg',
'America/Yakutat',
'America/Yellowknife',
'Antarctica/Casey',
'Antarctica/Davis',
'Antarctica/DumontDUrville',
'Antarctica/Macquarie',
'Antarctica/Mawson',
'Antarctica/McMurdo',
'Antarctica/Palmer',
'Antarctica/Rothera',
'Antarctica/South_Pole',
'Antarctica/Syowa',
'Antarctica/Vostok',
'Arctic/Longyearbyen',
'Asia/Aden',
'Asia/Almaty',
'Asia/Amman',
'Asia/Anadyr',
'Asia/Aqtau',
'Asia/Aqtobe',
'Asia/Ashgabat',
'Asia/Ashkhabad',
'Asia/Baghdad',
'Asia/Bahrain',
'Asia/Baku',
'Asia/Bangkok',
'Asia/Beirut',
'Asia/Bishkek',
'Asia/Brunei',
'Asia/Calcutta',
'Asia/Choibalsan',
'Asia/Chongqing',
'Asia/Chungking',
'Asia/Colombo',
'Asia/Dacca',
'Asia/Damascus',
'Asia/Dhaka',
'Asia/Dili',
'Asia/Dubai',
'Asia/Dushanbe',
'Asia/Gaza',
'Asia/Harbin',
'Asia/Hebron',
'Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh',
'Asia/Hong_Kong',
'Asia/Hovd',
'Asia/Irkutsk',
'Asia/Istanbul',
'Asia/Jakarta',
'Asia/Jayapura',
'Asia/Jerusalem',
'Asia/Kabul',
'Asia/Kamchatka',
'Asia/Karachi',
'Asia/Kashgar',
'Asia/Kathmandu',
'Asia/Katmandu',
'Asia/Kolkata',
'Asia/Krasnoyarsk',
'Asia/Kuala_Lumpur',
'Asia/Kuching',
'Asia/Kuwait',
'Asia/Macao',
'Asia/Macau',
'Asia/Magadan',
'Asia/Makassar',
'Asia/Manila',
'Asia/Muscat',
'Asia/Nicosia',
'Asia/Novokuznetsk',
'Asia/Novosibirsk',
'Asia/Omsk',
'Asia/Oral',
'Asia/Phnom_Penh',
'Asia/Pontianak',
'Asia/Pyongyang',
'Asia/Qatar',
'Asia/Qyzylorda',
'Asia/Rangoon',
'Asia/Riyadh',
'Asia/Saigon',
'Asia/Sakhalin',
'Asia/Samarkand',
'Asia/Seoul',
'Asia/Shanghai',
'Asia/Singapore',
'Asia/Taipei',
'Asia/Tashkent',
'Asia/Tbilisi',
'Asia/Tehran',
'Asia/Tel_Aviv',
'Asia/Thimbu',
'Asia/Thimphu',
'Asia/Tokyo',
'Asia/Ujung_Pandang',
'Asia/Ulaanbaatar',
'Asia/Ulan_Bator',
'Asia/Urumqi',
'Asia/Vientiane',
'Asia/Vladivostok',
'Asia/Yakutsk',
'Asia/Yekaterinburg',
'Asia/Yerevan',
'Atlantic/Azores',
'Atlantic/Bermuda',
'Atlantic/Canary',
'Atlantic/Cape_Verde',
'Atlantic/Faeroe',
'Atlantic/Faroe',
'Atlantic/Jan_Mayen',
'Atlantic/Madeira',
'Atlantic/Reykjavik',
'Atlantic/South_Georgia',
'Atlantic/St_Helena',
'Atlantic/Stanley',
'Australia/ACT',
'Australia/Adelaide',
'Australia/Brisbane',
'Australia/Broken_Hill',
'Australia/Canberra',
'Australia/Currie',
'Australia/Darwin',
'Australia/Eucla',
'Australia/Hobart',
'Australia/LHI',
'Australia/Lindeman',
'Australia/Lord_Howe',
'Australia/Melbourne',
'Australia/North',
'Australia/NSW',
'Australia/Perth',
'Australia/Queensland',
'Australia/South',
'Australia/Sydney',
'Australia/Tasmania',
'Australia/Victoria',
'Australia/West',
'Australia/Yancowinna',
'Europe/Amsterdam',
'Europe/Andorra',
'Europe/Athens',
'Europe/Belfast',
'Europe/Belgrade',
'Europe/Berlin',
'Europe/Bratislava',
'Europe/Brussels',
'Europe/Bucharest',
'Europe/Budapest',
'Europe/Chisinau',
'Europe/Copenhagen',
'Europe/Dublin',
'Europe/Gibraltar',
'Europe/Guernsey',
'Europe/Helsinki',
'Europe/Isle_of_Man',
'Europe/Istanbul',
'Europe/Jersey',
'Europe/Kaliningrad',
'Europe/Kiev',
'Europe/Lisbon',
'Europe/Ljubljana',
'Europe/London',
'Europe/Luxembourg',
'Europe/Madrid',
'Europe/Malta',
'Europe/Mariehamn',
'Europe/Minsk',
'Europe/Monaco',
'Europe/Moscow',
'Europe/Nicosia',
'Europe/Oslo',
'Europe/Paris',
'Europe/Podgorica',
'Europe/Prague',
'Europe/Riga',
'Europe/Rome',
'Europe/Samara',
'Europe/San_Marino',
'Europe/Sarajevo',
'Europe/Simferopol',
'Europe/Skopje',
'Europe/Sofia',
'Europe/Stockholm',
'Europe/Tallinn',
'Europe/Tirane',
'Europe/Tiraspol',
'Europe/Uzhgorod',
'Europe/Vaduz',
'Europe/Vatican',
'Europe/Vienna',
'Europe/Vilnius',
'Europe/Volgograd',
'Europe/Warsaw',
'Europe/Zagreb',
'Europe/Zaporozhye',
'Europe/Zurich',
'Indian/Antananarivo',
'Indian/Chagos',
'Indian/Christmas',
'Indian/Cocos',
'Indian/Comoro',
'Indian/Kerguelen',
'Indian/Mahe',
'Indian/Maldives',
'Indian/Mauritius',
'Indian/Mayotte',
'Indian/Reunion',
'Pacific/Apia',
'Pacific/Auckland',
'Pacific/Chatham',
'Pacific/Chuuk',
'Pacific/Easter',
'Pacific/Efate',
'Pacific/Enderbury',
'Pacific/Fakaofo',
'Pacific/Fiji',
'Pacific/Funafuti',
'Pacific/Galapagos',
'Pacific/Gambier',
'Pacific/Guadalcanal',
'Pacific/Guam',
'Pacific/Honolulu',
'Pacific/Johnston',
'Pacific/Kiritimati',
'Pacific/Kosrae',
'Pacific/Kwajalein',
'Pacific/Majuro',
'Pacific/Marquesas',
'Pacific/Midway',
'Pacific/Nauru',
'Pacific/Niue',
'Pacific/Norfolk',
'Pacific/Noumea',
'Pacific/Pago_Pago',
'Pacific/Palau',
'Pacific/Pitcairn',
'Pacific/Pohnpei',
'Pacific/Ponape',
'Pacific/Port_Moresby',
'Pacific/Rarotonga',
'Pacific/Saipan',
'Pacific/Samoa',
'Pacific/Tahiti',
'Pacific/Tarawa',
'Pacific/Tongatapu',
'Pacific/Truk',
'Pacific/Wake',
'Pacific/Wallis',
'Pacific/Yap'
);

Why .min? Why list instead of calling the function directly?

It's just the array without line breaks. So it's shorter, especially in your code editor (depending on your settings)... hence .min. :)

It's not a function, just an array you can use in functions.

I get that, I just don't understand why you would possibly want to minify server-side code. DateTimeZone::listIdentifiers() is even shorter and always stays updated.

I see what you mean; sorry, didn't get it!

I did it because I use it in a custom class with static methods that I use. I can't declare properties with a function, so this is the next best thing... since I don't want to have to instantiate the class before using it every time. :)