I was trying to rebuild my blog in Octopress, using the beautiful MediumFox theme by Adrian Artiles, but it wasn't loading my old blog entries on the front page correctly. However, the "All posts" link was working. So hmmm.
It was clearly working on Adrian's own blog, so I started digging into his source code to find what was different. My problem was in the pagination variables in _config.yml. The default Octopress configuration has something like paginate_path: "posts/:num". This should be removed and replaced with pagination_dir: posts. Then your pagination will work correctly.
The bug isn't in MediumFox itself, and I don't think it's in Octopress - it's just an interaction. So I'm not sure where to send a pull request. I'll think of something. In the meantime, maybe someone googlebugging the problem will find this gist...
Ah, helped me get this theme working. Much thanks!