Quickly deploy any Ruby on Rails application to VirtualBox using Vagrant or to any other provider of Linux machine just running this shell script

a quick way to deploy ruby on rails on vagrant.md

Deploy Ruby on Rails

You can use those bootstrap script to deploy your Rails application to Virtualbox. It's not intended to replace Chef or Puppet, but since its plain bash, its very readable and you can copy some lines and paste to your ssh session...

How to use

After installing Vagrant software run vagrant init and edit your Vagrantfile

# Vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb, override|
    # list of all machines can be found https://atlas.hashicorp.com/boxes/search
    override.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
    vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "2048"]
    vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--natdnshostresolver1", "on"]
    override.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000
    override.vm.provision :shell, path: 'vagrant/create_deployer_user_and_other_root_tasks.sh', keep_color: true
    override.vm.provision :shell, inline: 'sudo -i -u deployer /bin/bash --login -c "source /vagrant/vagrant/bootstrap_ruby_on_rails.sh"', keep_color: true
  end
end

then fork this repo and clone locally and simply run vagrant up

git clone https://gist.github.com/8815e439905dbd326a41.git vagrant
vagrant up

Config

• read ruby version from .ruby-version file or from Gemfil or use ruby 2.0
• projects environment secrets should be in .vagrant.env . Ignore this file in .gitignore if it contains private keys. It contains env variables that can change deployment process:

# .vagrant.env
export RAILS_ENV=production # use this if you want to run in production mode
export ADDITIONAL_PACKAGES="libmagickwand-dev libqtwebkit-dev" # if your project use gem rmagic and capybara-webkit 
export DATABASE_URL=postgresql://deployer@localhost/rails_db # this is default, but you can change to mysql2 adapter and other credentials
export DATABASE_EXTENSIONS="hstore " # if you use postgres hstore
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=123asd # export any third party keys

How to contribute

If you spot any errors, you can rerun script with vagrant provision | tee log/vagrant. Note about scripts:

• script should be idempotent so you can provision it several times.
• provision should stop on error since its set -e
  • does not stop in test commands, for example if [ some_error = "" ]; then echo yo;fi
• it should work on Rails 3 and Rails 4
• default is postgresql, but works for mysql as well, just put in your ~/.my_staging_secrets.yml

export ADDITIONAL_PACKAGES="mysql-server mysql-client libmysqlclient-dev"
export DATABASE_URL=mysql2://deployer@localhost/rails_db

If something is not working for you please write a comment so we can update the script. I tested with all projects from http://www.opensourcerails.com/

When you set up deployer password, you can ssh directly on VirtalBox :

ssh -p 2222 deployer@127.0.0.1

Windows

It should work on Windows as well. Just install VirtualBox, Vagrant and Railsinstaller .

If it is using a Hyper-V than you need to edit env variable. Start -> Computer (right click) -> Properties -> Advanced system settings -> Environment Variables Find system variable: VBOX_MSI_INSTALL_PATH and change its name to VBOX_INSTALL_PATH and value: C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox hashicorp/vagrant#3896

bootstrap_ruby_on_rails.sh

#!/bin/bash --login
# login argument is needed for rvm function
set -x # or set -v is used for debugging this script
set -e # Any subsequent commands which fail will cause the shell script to exit immediately

cd /vagrant

if [ "`grep DATABASE_URL /home/deployer/.profile`" = "" ]; then
  echo STEP: some utility config in .bashrc and .profile
  # bashrc is for interactive shell (it returns at beggining for sudo bash commands)
  echo -e '\n# Some utility\n\
cd /vagrant\n\
export EDITOR=vim\n\
' >> ~/.bashrc
  # .profile is for all shells
  echo -e '\n\
# we will use database user deployer without password\n\
export DATABASE_URL=postgresql://deployer@localhost/rails_db\n\
export SECRET_KEY_BASE=`cat /dev/urandom | tr -dc 'a-zA-Z0-9' | fold -w 128 | head -n 1` # secret generated with https://gist.github.com/earthgecko/3089509\n\
# source my secrets (RAILS_ENV, AWS KEYS... overwrite of DATABASE_URL)\n\
[[ -s "/vagrant/.vagrant.env" ]] && source /vagrant/.vagrant.env\n\
' >> ~/.profile
fi

if [[ -f /vagrant/.ruby-version ]]; then
  echo STEP: read ruby version from .ruby-version file
  ruby_ver=`cat /vagrant/.ruby-version`
else
  echo STEP: read ruby version from Gemfile
  ruby_ver=$(awk '/^ruby/ { print $2 }' /vagrant/Gemfile | tr -d '"' | tr -d "'")
fi
if [[ $ruby_ver == "" ]];then
  ruby_ver=2.1
fi

echo ruby_ver is $ruby_ver and currently is `which ruby`
if [[ ! '`which ruby`' == *"rvm"* ]] || \
  [[ ! '`ruby --version`' == *$ruby_ver"p"* ]];then
  echo STEP: install target ruby $ruby_ver
  rvm install $ruby_ver
  rvm use $ruby_ver --default
else
  echo STEP: ruby $ruby_ver already installed
fi

if [[ -f /vagrant/.ruby-gemset ]]; then
  echo STEP: .ruby-gemset is not supported because sudo -u deployer /bin/bash -c 'cd /vagrant && rvm current' does not see it, so removing it
  rm /vagrant/.ruby-gemset
fi

echo STEP: install projects gems with bundle command
gem install bundler
bundle


echo STEP: create database
rake db:create

for db_extension in $DATABASE_EXTENSIONS ; do
  # extension can be created only on existing database so we need to find database name
  echo STEP: create postgresql $db_extension if not exists
  if [ "`echo $DATABASE_URL`" == "" ]; then
    echo STEP: DATABASE_URL not defined so use rails runner to get database name
    database_name=`rails runner 'puts Rails.configuration.database_configuration["production"]["database"]'`
  else
    echo STEP: get database name from DATABASE_URL
    database_name=`echo ${DATABASE_URL##*/}` # get the last string after /   https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Shell-Parameter-Expansion.html
  fi
  echo STEP: database_name is: $database_name
  sudo -u postgres psql $database_name -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS $db_extension;"
done

echo STEP: seed
rake db:migrate
rake db:seed

echo STEP: precompile assets
rvmsudo -E rake assets:precompile # rvmsudo is needed because owner of files is vagrant, so deployer can't overwrite them

if [[ -f /vagrant/tmp/pids/server.pid ]]; then
  echo STEP: stop current rails server
  kill -9 `cat /vagrant/tmp/pids/server.pid` || rm /vagrant/tmp/pids/server.pid
fi
#rvmsudo -E rails s -p 80 -b 0.0.0.0 -d # rvmsudo is needed because port 80 requires sudo
rails s -b 0.0.0.0 -d

#echo STEP: start puma
#mkdir /shared # use outside of /vagrant since it has some problems with permissions on virtualbox
#chown deployer:deployer /shared
#sudo -u deployer mkdir -p /shared/pids /shared/sockets /shared/log
#cp /vagrant/config/puma.conf /vagrant/config/puma-manager.conf /etc/init
#echo "/vagrant" > /etc/puma.conf
#start puma-manager
#
#
#echo STEP: install and configure nginx
#apt-get install -y nginx
#ln -s /vagrant/config/nginx /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default -f
#service nginx restart
#
#echo STEP: start unicorn
#service unicorn start
#
#echo STEP: start delayed job
#bin/delayed_job start

#if [[ `service unicorn status` == *"running"* ]];then
#  echo STEP: stop existing unicorn service to save memory
#  service unicorn stop
#else
#  echo STEP: unicorn service already stoped
#fi
#
#echo STEP: load unicorn config
#. /etc/default/unicorn
#if [ "$DATABASE_URL" = "" ];then
#  echo "STEP: configuring /etc/default/unicorn and /etc/unicorn.conf for database and ruby"
#  echo -e "\nexport DATABASE_URL=postgresql://rails:$APP_DATABASE_PASSWORD@localhost" >> /etc/default/unicorn
#  sed -i '/APP_ROOT/c APP_ROOT=/vagrant' /etc/default/unicorn
#  # update PATH for new ruby
#  sed -i "s/2.2.1/$ruby_ver/g" /etc/default/unicorn
#  sed -i '/working_directory/c working_directory "/vagrant/"' /etc/unicorn.conf
#  . /etc/default/unicorn
#fi

echo STEP: Done, Rails server started
echo STEP: $ vagrant ssh
echo "STEP: $ sudo kill -9 \$(cat /vagrant/tmp/pids/server.pid)"
echo STEP: visit your site at: http://`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk -F: '{print $2}' | awk '{print $1}'`

create_deployer_user_and_other_root_tasks.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -e # Any subsequent commands which fail will cause the shell script to exit immediately
set -x

update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 # needed for docs generation and database default

echo "STEP: update"
apt-get -y update # > /dev/null # this update is needed to set proper apt sources

if [ ! -f /swapfile ];then
  echo STEP: creating swap
  fallocate -l 256M /swapfile
  chmod 600 /swapfile
  mkswap /swapfile
  swapon /swapfile
  # you can check with swapon -s
  # make it permanent
  echo '
/swapfile   none    swap    sw    0   0
' >> /etc/fstab
else
  echo "STEP: swap already exists"
fi

if [ "`id -u deployer`" = "" ];then
  echo "STEP: creating user deployer"
  useradd deployer -md /home/deployer --shell /bin/bash # adding user without password
  gpasswd -a deployer sudo # add to sudo group
  echo "deployer ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/deployer # don't ask for password when using sudo
  if [ ! "`id -u vagrant`" = "" ]; then
    usermod -a -G vagrant deployer # adding to vagrant group if vagrant exists
  fi
else
  echo "STEP: user deployer already exists"
fi

export DATABASE_URL=postgresql://deployer@localhost/rails_db
if [ -f /vagrant/.vagrant.env ];then
  # get eventual ADDITIONAL_PACKAGES
  source /vagrant/.vagrant.env
  if [ ! "$ADDITIONAL_PACKAGES" = "" ]; then
    export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive #https://snowulf.com/2008/12/04/truly-non-interactive-unattended-apt-get-install/  this is needed to prevent mysql server root password prompt
    apt-get -y install $ADDITIONAL_PACKAGES
  fi
fi

if [ "`which git`" = "" ]; then
  echo "STEP: install development tools"
  apt-get -y install build-essential curl git nodejs
  apt-get -y install libgmp-dev # this is needed for json
  apt-get -y install libxslt-dev libxml2-dev # for nokogiri http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6277456/nokogiri-installation-fails-libxml2-is-missing
else
  echo "STEP: development tools already installed"
fi

# DATABASE STUFF

if [ ! `echo $DATABASE_URL | cut -f 1 -d ':'` = "mysql2" ]; then
  # postgresql is default
  if [ "`which psql`" = "" ]; then
    echo "STEP: installing postgres"
    apt-get -y install postgresql postgresql-contrib libpq-dev
  else
    echo STEP: postgres already installed
  fi
  if [ "`sudo -u postgres psql postgres -tAc "SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname='deployer'"`" = "1" ]; then
    echo STEP: postgres user 'deployer' already exists
  else
    echo STEP: create postgresql database user deployer
    find /etc/postgresql -name pg_hba.conf -exec sed -i '/^local\s*all\s*all\s*peer/i # allow deployer to access without password - trust method\
  host all deployer 127.0.0.1/32 trust' {} \;
    # change md5 with trust, don't use this if you set up password for database user
    /etc/init.d/postgresql restart
    sudo -u postgres createuser --superuser --createdb deployer
  fi
else
  echo STEP: create mysql2 database user deployer
  if [[ `echo "SELECT user FROM mysql.user WHERE user = 'deployer'" | mysql` = "" ]]; then
    echo CREATE USER 'deployer'@'localhost' | mysql --user=root
    echo GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO 'deployer'@'localhost' | mysql --user=root
    #FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  else
    echo STEP: mysql user 'deployer' already exists
  fi
fi

# check if rvm is installed
if [ "`sudo -i -u deployer type -t rvm`" != "function" ]; then
#if [ ! -f /usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm ]; then
  echo "STEP: installing rvm"
  sudo -i -u deployer gpg --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 # --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net
  sudo -i -u deployer /bin/bash -c "curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --rails" # use this option for latest rails
else
  echo "STEP: rvm already installed"
fi