#基于树莓派的直播平台系统搭建
##1. 安装FFMPEG并添加H.264编解码器支持
###1.1 更新源并安装git
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git
###1.2 x264配置脚本config_x264_rpi.sh，放进x264目录
#!/bin/sh
./configure \
--disable-shared --enable-static \
--enable-strip \
--disable-cli
###1.3 下载x264源码并编译安装
git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264.git
cd x264
mv ../config_x264_rpi.sh ./
chmod +x config_x264_rpi.sh
./config_x264_rpi.sh
make -j4
sudo make install
###1.4 ffmpeg配置脚本config_ffmpeg_rpi.sh，放进ffmpeg目录
#!/bin/sh
PREFIX=/usr/local
./configure \
--enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-nonfree \
--enable-static --disable-shared \
\
--prefix=$PREFIX \
\
--disable-opencl \
--disable-thumb \
--disable-pic \
--disable-stripping \
\
--enable-small \
\
--enable-ffmpeg \
--enable-ffplay \
--enable-ffserver \
--enable-ffprobe \
\
--disable-doc \
--disable-htmlpages \
--disable-podpages \
--disable-txtpages \
--disable-manpages \
\
--disable-everything \
\
--enable-libx264 \
--enable-encoder=libx264 \
--enable-decoder=h264 \
--enable-encoder=aac \
--enable-decoder=aac \
--enable-encoder=ac3 \
--enable-decoder=ac3 \
--enable-encoder=rawvideo \
--enable-decoder=rawvideo \
--enable-encoder=mjpeg \
--enable-decoder=mjpeg \
\
--enable-demuxer=concat \
--enable-muxer=flv \
--enable-demuxer=flv \
--enable-demuxer=live_flv \
--enable-muxer=hls \
--enable-muxer=segment \
--enable-muxer=stream_segment \
--enable-muxer=mov \
--enable-demuxer=mov \
--enable-muxer=mp4 \
--enable-muxer=mpegts \
--enable-demuxer=mpegts \
--enable-demuxer=mpegvideo \
--enable-muxer=matroska \
--enable-demuxer=matroska \
--enable-muxer=wav \
--enable-demuxer=wav \
--enable-muxer=pcm* \
--enable-demuxer=pcm* \
--enable-muxer=rawvideo \
--enable-demuxer=rawvideo \
--enable-muxer=rtsp \
--enable-demuxer=rtsp \
--enable-muxer=rtsp \
--enable-demuxer=sdp \
--enable-muxer=fifo \
--enable-muxer=tee \
\
--enable-parser=h264 \
--enable-parser=aac \
\
--enable-protocol=file \
--enable-protocol=tcp \
--enable-protocol=rtmp \
--enable-protocol=cache \
--enable-protocol=pipe \
\
--enable-filter=aresample \
--enable-filter=allyuv \
--enable-filter=scale \
--enable-libfreetype \
\
--enable-indev=v4l2 \
--enable-indev=alsa \
\
--enable-omx \
--enable-omx-rpi \
--enable-encoder=h264_omx \
\
--enable-mmal \
--enable-hwaccel=h264_mmal \
--enable-decoder=h264_mmal \
\
###1.5 在FFmpeg官网获取源码 http://ffmpeg.org/download.html 当前版本为 ffmpeg-3.3.2.tar.bz2 ，配置完成后编译并安装
wget http://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-3.3.2.tar.bz2
tar jxvf ffmpeg-3.3.2.tar.bz2
cd ffmpeg-3.3.2
mv ../config_ffmpeg_rpi.sh ./
chmod +x config_ffmpeg_rpi.sh
./config_ffmpeg_rpi.sh
make -j4
sudo make install
输入ffmpeg并回车，其中带有有h264_omx和h264_mmal字样，说明ffmpeg已支持树莓派的H.264硬件编解码器。
##2. 安装Nginx
###2.1 安装nginx web服务器 (约6MB)
sudo apt-get install nginx -y
###2.2 修改nginx的配置文件（
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
配置文件内容，务必注意以下是两个不同文件
RTMP下
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
rtmp {
server {
listen 1935; #监听1935端口，接受推流
#chunk_size 40000;
application live { #rtmp地址
live on;
#exec_static /usr/local/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i tcp://127.0.0.1:8181?listen
# -c:v copy
# -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/mystream;
}
application hls { #hls地址
live on;
hls on;
hls_path /tmp/hls; #切片ts文件及m3u8文件存放路径
hls_fragment 10s;
hls_playlist_length 30s;
}
}
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location /hls {
types {
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
video/mp2t ts;
}
root /tmp;
add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
}
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
HLS下
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /hls/ {
root /run/shm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
###2.3 启动nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
nginx的www根目录默认在 /usr/share/nginx/www中
##3. 安装Picam
###3.1 开启树莓派摄像头
sudo raspi-config
###3.2 安装依赖包
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libharfbuzz0b libfontconfig1
###3.3 安装配置文件
cat > make_dirs.sh <<'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
DEST_DIR=~/picam
SHM_DIR=/run/shm
mkdir -p $SHM_DIR/rec
mkdir -p $SHM_DIR/hooks
mkdir -p $SHM_DIR/state
mkdir -p $DEST_DIR/archive
ln -sfn $DEST_DIR/archive $SHM_DIR/rec/archive
ln -sfn $SHM_DIR/rec $DEST_DIR/rec
ln -sfn $SHM_DIR/hooks $DEST_DIR/hooks
ln -sfn $SHM_DIR/state $DEST_DIR/state
EOF
###3.4 添加脚本可执行命令
chmod +x make\_dirs.sh
./make\_dirs.sh
###3.5 安装Picam
wget https://github.com/iizukanao/picam/releases/download/v1.4.6/picam-1.4.6-binary.tar.xz
tar xvf picam-1.4.6-binary.tar.xz
cp picam-1.4.6-binary/picam ~/picam/
###3.6 运行Picam
cd ~/picam
./picam --alsadev hw:1,0
Github地址：https://github.com/iizukanao/picam
完成上述步骤后即可在局域网下访问树莓派 获得HLS/RTMP视频流
HLS:
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.picam
sudo /home/pi/picam/picam -v 768000 -o /run/shm/hls
播放地址：http://YOUR_IP:80/hls/index.m3u8
RTMP:
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
/usr/local/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i tcp://127.0.0.1:8181?listen -c:v copy -ar 44100 -ab 40000 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/mystream
播放地址：rtmp://YOUR_IP:1935/live/mystream
##4. 安装Ngrok
以安装64位Centos的服务器为例安装Ngrok的Server端
需要将制定域名解析到该服务器上
所需软件下载：
GO的下载地址：http://www.golangtc.com/download
GIT下载地址：https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.6.0.tar.gz
ngrok克隆地址：https://github.com/inconshreveable/ngrok.git
###4.1 安装git
####安装git所用到依赖包
yum -y install zlib-devel openssl-devel perl hg cpio expat-devel gettext-devel curl curl-devel perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker hg wget gcc gcc-c++
####下载git
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.6.0.tar.gz
####解压git
tar zxvf git-2.6.0.tar.gz
####编译git
cd git-2.6.0
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/git
make
make install
####创建git的软连接
ln -s /usr/local/git/bin/\* /usr/bin/
###4.2 安装go环境
####下载go环境
wget http://www.golangtc.com/static/go/1.4.2/go1.4.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
####解压
tar zxvf go1.4.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv go /usr/local
####创建软连接
ln -s /usr/local/go/bin/\* /usr/bin
####编译ngrok
cd /usr/local/
git clone <https://github.com/inconshreveable/ngrok.git>
export GOPATH=/usr/local/ngrok/
export NGROK\_DOMAIN=”你得域名”
cd ngrok
###4.3 生成域名证书并拷贝到指定位置
openssl genrsa -out rootCA.key 2048
openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key rootCA.key -subj “/CN=$NGROK_DOMAIN” -days 5000 -out rootCA.pem
openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048
openssl req -new -key server.key -subj “/CN=$NGROK_DOMAIN” -out server.csr
openssl x509 -req -in server.csr -CA rootCA.pem -CAkey rootCA.key -CAcreateserial -out server.crt -days 5000
cp rootCA.pem assets/client/tls/ngrokroot.crt
cp server.crt assets/server/tls/snakeoil.crt
cp server.key assets/server/tls/snakeoil.key
###4.4 编译服务端和客户端
指定编译环境变量，如何确认GOOS和GOARCH，可以通过go env来查看
####编译服务端
cd /usr/local/go/src
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 ./make.bash
cd /usr/local/ngrok/
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 make release-server
####由于是linux操作系统，所以使用下面的编译客户端
cd /usr/local/go/src
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 ./make.bash
cd /usr/local/ngrok/
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 make release-client
Windows的客户端编译(64位，32位的把GOARCH的值改为386)
cd /usr/local/go/src
GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 ./make.bash
cd /usr/local/ngrok/
GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 make release-client
####启动服务端
/usr/local/ngrok/bin/ngrokd -domain=”$NGROK_DOMAIN” -httpAddr=”:80”
###4.5 客户端的使用及其配制文件
客户端配置文件(ngrok.cfg)
server_addr: “Your_Domain:4443”
trust_host_root_certs: false
客户端使用
RTMP:
sudo /home/pi/ngrok_client/ngrok_tx -proto=tcp -config=/home/pi/ngrok.cfg 1935
HLS:
sudo /home/pi/ngrok -config=/home/pi/ngrok.cfg -subdomain=test 80
完成上述操作即可从公网访问
RTMP:
播放地址：http://YOUR_DOMAIN:PORT/hls/index.m3u8
HLS:
播放地址：rtmp://YOUR_DOMAIN:PORT/live/mystream