Pipeline Pattern in Laravel (Queries)

ActivityLogController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\API;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\ActivityLog;
use App\QueryFilters\FilterByUser;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline;

class ActivityLogController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     */
    public function index(Request $request)
    {
        # I'm creating an API endpoint that gets all activity log
        # based on the query params that passed in the URL.
        # example: localhost:8000/api/activity-logs?user_id=1
        # Take a look on his explanation regarding pipelines.
        # https://jeffochoa.me/understanding-laravel-pipelines
        $activityLogs = app(Pipeline::class)
            ->send(ActivityLog::query())
            ->through([
                FilterByUser::class
            ])
            ->thenReturn()
            ->paginate();

        return $activityLogs;
    }

FilterByUser.php

<?php

namespace App\QueryFilters;

class FilterByUser
{
    public function handle($query, $next)
    {
        if(request()->has('user')) {
            $query->where('user_id', request('user'));
        }

        if(request()->has('user_id')) {
            $query->where('user_id', request('user_id'));
        }

        return $next($query);
    }
}