test_gdal_polygonize.py

from osgeo import gdal, ogr, osr


raster_path = "test.tif"
shapefile_path = "test.shp"

source_raster = gdal.Open(raster_path)
band = gdal.Open(raster_path).GetRasterBand(1)

driver = ogr.GetDriverByName("ESRI Shapefile")
out_data = driver.CreateDataSource(shapefile_path)

srs = osr.SpatialReference()
srs.ImportFromWkt(source_raster.GetProjectionRef())

out_layer = out_data.CreateLayer(raster_path.split(".")[0], srs)
new_field = ogr.FieldDefn("field_name", ogr.OFTReal)
out_layer.CreateField(new_field)

gdal.FPolygonize(band, band, out_layer, 0, [], callback=None)

out_data.Destroy()
source_raster = None