Mage. Get module, controller and action name.

mage_get_module_controller_action_name.md

###In template (*.phtml)

/**
 * get Controller name
 */
$this->getRequest()->getControllerName();
 
/**
 * get Action name, i.e. the function inside the controller
 */
$this->getRequest()->getActionName();
 
/**
 * get Router name
 */
$this->getRequest()->getRouteName();
 
/**
 * get module name
 */
$this->getRequest()->getModuleName();
 
/**
 * get namespace & module name
 * for example, if you are in checkout page 
 * then, this will return Mage_Checkout
 */
$this->getRequest()->getControllerModule();

###In class (*.php)

/**
 * get Controller name
 */
Mage::app()->getRequest()->getControllerName();
 
/**
 * get Action name, i.e. the function inside the controller
 */
Mage::app()->getRequest()->getActionName();
 
/**
 * get Router name
 */
Mage::app()->getRequest()->getRouteName();
 
/**
 * get module name
 */
Mage::app()->getRequest()->getModuleName();
 
/**
 * get namespace & module name
 * for example, if you are in checkout page 
 * then, this will return Mage_Checkout
 */
Mage::app()->getRequest()->getControllerModule();

Anywhere

/**
 * get full acion name
 * for example, if you are on main page 
 * then, this will return cms_index_index
 */
Mage::app()->getFrontController()->getAction()->getFullActionName()