The figure of cube and its section

cube_and_section.py

from matplotlib import use
use('AGG')
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d import Poly3DCollection, Line3DCollection

class cube_fig:
    def __init__(self, fname, rectangle):
        self.fname = fname
        self.rectangle = rectangle

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def config(self):
        plt.rc('text', aa=True, usetex=True)
        self.__make_rectangle()
        self.__make_figs()

    def __make_rectangle(self):
        rectangle_pt = [
            np.array(list(item))
            for item in self.rectangle
        ]
        vectors = []
        for i in range(1, 4):
            vectors.append(rectangle_pt[i] - rectangle_pt[0])

        points = rectangle_pt
        points += [rectangle_pt[0] + vectors[0] + vectors[1]]
        points += [rectangle_pt[0] + vectors[0] + vectors[2]]
        points += [rectangle_pt[0] + vectors[1] + vectors[2]]
        points += [rectangle_pt[0] + vectors[0] + vectors[1] + vectors[2]]
        points = np.array(points)

        edges = [
            [points[0], points[3], points[5], points[1]],
            [points[1], points[5], points[7], points[4]],
            [points[4], points[2], points[6], points[7]],
            [points[2], points[6], points[3], points[0]],
            [points[0], points[2], points[4], points[1]],
            [points[3], points[6], points[7], points[5]]
        ]
    
        ax = plt.subplot2grid((2,2), (0,0), colspan=2, projection='3d')
        ax.set_title('Cube and its sectionional view')
        faces = Poly3DCollection(edges, linewidths=1, edgecolors='k')
        faces.set_facecolor((0, 0, 1, 0.1))

        ax.add_collection3d(faces)
        ax.scatter(points[:,0], points[:,1], points[:,2], s=0)
        ax.set_aspect('equal')

    def __common_setup(self, title, ax, xy, w, h):
        ax.set_title(title, y=1.2)
        ax.add_patch(Rectangle(xy=xy, width=w, height=h, alpha=0.8))
        ax.set_aspect('equal', adjustable='box')

    def __make_rectangular(self, ax, xy, w, h):
        ax.grid(which="both")
        ax.set_xlabel(r"$x$")
        ax.set_ylabel(r"$y$")
    
        limx = [xy[0], w + 0.5]
        ax.set_xlim(limx)
        ax.set_xticks(np.arange(limx[0], limx[1], 0.5))
        ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels([])
    
        limy = [xy[1], h + 0.5]
        ax.set_ylim(limy)
        ax.set_yticks(np.arange(limy[0], limy[1], 0.5))
        ax.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
        
        self.__common_setup('Rectangular coordinate', ax, xy, w, h)

    def __make_polar(self, ax, xy, w, h):
        ax.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
        ax.set_thetamin(0)
        ax.set_thetamax(90)
        self.__common_setup('Polar coordinate', ax, xy, w, h)

    def __make_figs(self):
        xy = [self.rectangle[0][0], self.rectangle[0][1]]
        w, h = self.rectangle[2][0] - self.rectangle[0][0], self.rectangle[1][1] - self.rectangle[0][1]

        self.__make_rectangular(plt.subplot2grid((2, 2), (1, 1)), xy, w, h)
        self.__make_polar(plt.subplot2grid((2,2), (1,0), projection='polar'), xy, w, h)

    def __exit__(self, exception_t, exception_v, traceback):
        plt.tight_layout()
        plt.savefig(self.fname)

def main():
    rectangle = [
        (0,0,0), (0,1,0), (1,0,0), (0,0,1)
    ]
    with cube_fig('cube_and_cross_section.png', rectangle) as m:
        m.config()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

参考: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44881885/python-draw-3d-cube