C++ 11 Cheatshet

Cpp11CheatSheet

//This cheat sheet highlights some important c++11 but not all of them
//To dig deeper I recommend this article
//https://www.codeproject.com/articles/570638/ten-cplusplus11-features-every-cplusplus-developer
//Also look into constexpr and noexcept
//Here is another link 
//https://www.w3schools.in/cplusplus11-tutorial/noexcept-keyword/
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <array>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <functional>

using namespace std;

//swaps two values if compare returns > 0
void swapLambda(int &a, int &b, function<int(int a, int b)> compare){
	   
  if(compare(a,b) > 0){
     int temp = a;
     a = b;
     b = temp;
   }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){

    //auto to define type by assignment...
    //like var in c# and java
    auto isValid = false; //created boolean
    auto age = 34; //creates int

    //Initializers
    int count1;   //no init has gargage
    int count2{}; //initilized to 0
    array<int,3> counts1{1,2,3};

    cout << "count1: " << count1 << " count2: " << count2 << " counts1[0]: "           << counts1[0] << endl;

   //copy over array
   array<int, 3> counts2{}; //initialized to 0
   counts2 = std::move(counts1);
   
   //for range
   cout << "counts2: ";
   for(auto i:counts2){
      cout << ", " << i;
   }
   cout <<  endl;
   
   //Raw string literal... similar to @ in C#
   string pathString = R"(c:\path\to\my\file)"; //NOTICE the parentheses
   string escapeString = R"(\nThis will not produce a return line \n)";

   cout << pathString << endl;
   cout << escapeString << endl;

   //lambda example     
   auto x = 10;
   auto y = 20;
   cout << "x and y prior to swap " << x << " " << y << endl;
   //pass anonymous function implementation to swapper
   //swap if a > b
   swapLambda(x, y, [](int a, int b){ return a - b; });
   cout << "x and y after swap (asc order) " << x << " " << y << endl;


   //swap if a < b
   swapLambda(x, y, [](int a, int b){ return b - a; });
   cout << "x and y after swap (desc order) " << x << " " << y << endl;

   int *pVal1 = nullptr;
   int *pVal2{};
   
   //*pVal1 != NULL
   if(pVal1 == pVal2){
     //This executes... the else does not
     cout << "pVal1 = nullptr == pVal2{} == nullptr" << endl;
   } 
   else{
     cout << "pVal1 = nullptr != pVal2{} " << endl;
   }
   return 0;
}

//DELETE everything below this line
//Sample output
count1: 48 count2: 0 counts1[0]: 1
counts2: , 1, 2, 3
c:\path\to\my\file
\nThis will not produce a return line \n
x and y prior to swap 10 20
x and y after swap (asc order) 10 20
x and y after swap (desc order) 20 10
pVal1 = nullptr == pVal2{} == nullptr

gistfile1.txt

Initial commit of c++ 11 cheat sheet
Added comments